低Pd负载量结构化邻二甲苯燃烧催化剂的设计

为了在极短的时间内制备具有超低贵金属含量的结构化催化剂,并将其应用于邻二甲苯的催化燃烧体系,在阴极极化技术的基础上采用电解法制备具有不同载体的Pd基结构化催化剂,通过SEM（扫描电子显微镜）、EDS（能谱仪）、XRD（X射线衍射）、CO-Pulse（一氧化碳脉冲化学吸附）等表征手段分析不同催化剂上Pd的分散行为对催化活性的影响,并利用交流阻抗试验解释Pd在不同载体上的负载机理.结果表明:①阴极极化技术有效地减薄了AAO/Al（CP-AAO/Al、CP-AlOOH/Al和CP-γ-Al₂O₃/Al 3种载体的前驱体）的阻挡层,从而提高了载体的导电性,2.5 min内AAO/Al的表面电阻从7.23×108 Ω降至1.21×108 Ω.②当w（Pd）为0.1%时,采用电解法在3种载体上负载Pd的时间在5 min以内.③3种载体中CP-γ-Al₂O₃/Al（阴极极化后的γ-Al₂O₃载体）的阻抗最小,其电荷转移能力最好,更有利于Pd的负载及分散.④Pd/CP-AAO/Al、Pd/CP-AlOOH/Al和Pd/CP-γ-Al₂O₃/Al催化剂上Pd的分散度分别为11.24%、10.90%、17.42%,对应的T₅₀（转化率为50%时的温度）分别为170、172、160℃.研究显示,电解法可有效地将催化剂制备时间由传统的数十小时缩短为数分钟,同时邻二甲苯催化活性结果表明,催化剂活性与Pd的分散度呈正相关,即Pd的分散度越高,催化剂的催化活性越好.      

Complete catalytic oxidation of o-xylene over CeO2 nanocubes

The activities of CeO2 nanocubes calcined at di erent temperatures were tested for catalytic oxidation of o-xylene. Using CeO2 nanocubes as catalysts, complete catalytic oxidation of o-xylene was achieved below 210°C. The CeO2 nanomaterials were characterized by means of BET, X-ray di raction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). From the TEM images, all CeO2 nanocubes displayed cubic morphology irrespective of calcination temperature. The HRTEM images revealed that these nanocubes were enclosed by reactive f001g planes, which may contribute to the intrinsically catalytic property of o-xylene oxidation. The higher activity of CeO2 nanocubes calcined at 550°C than those calcined at above 550°C was attributed to their smaller crystallite size and larger surface area. The influences of reaction conditions were also studied, which found that a higher reaction temperature was necessary for complete catalytic oxidation of o-xylene at higher weight hourly space velocity (WHSV) and o-xylene concentration.