九部委整治地方重金属污染

在国家对重金属行业的环保整顿升级下,像＂铅蓄电池行业80%企业被勒令关停＂的一幕,将在更多涉重金属行业加速上演。环保部、国家发改委、工信部、监察部、司法部、住建部、工商总局、安监总局、电监会3月21日晚间联合发布通知,要求在2012年深入开展整治违法排污企业保障群众健康环保专项行动。环保部部长周生贤在早间的电视电话会议上表示,要以最严厉的措施整治重点行业重金属排放企业环境污染问题。     

再追踪：重金属污染防治与管理——土壤重金属污染现状与修复

土壤重金属污染是指由于人类的活动将重金属带入土壤中,致使土壤中重金属含量明显高于其自然背景值,并造成生态破坏和环境质量恶化的现象。随着人口快速增长,工业农业生产规模不断扩大,土壤重金属污染的形势越来越严峻,引发的问题越来越突出,已成为全球面临的一个严重的环境问题。重金属污染不仅导致土壤物理、化学和生物学性质发生改变,降低农作物的产量和质量,     

大型金属矿山环境污染及防治

阅读提示：随着我国国民经济的快速增长,对各类矿产资源的需求越来越大,但在矿山开采中对生态环境的保护不够重视,导致资源与环境的问题日益尖锐。通过对目前我国金属矿山开采带来的生态环境污染及重金属迁移机制的分析,探索金属矿山重金属污染治理和控制的措施和方法,对保护矿山环境具有深远的意义。     

Experimental investigation of the e ect of flow turbulence and sediment transport patterns on the adsorption of cadmium ions onto sediment particles

The mechanism of flow turbulence,sediment supply conditions,and sediment transport patterns that affect the adsorption of cadmiumions onto sediment particles in natural waters are experimentally simulated and studied both in batch reactors and in a turbulencesimulation tank.By changing the agitation conditions,the sediment transport in batch reactors can be categorized into bottom sediment-dominated sediment and suspended sediment-dominated sediment.It is found that the adsorption rate of bottom sediment is much lessthan that of suspended sediment,but the sediment transport pattern does not affect the final(equilibrium)concentration of dissolvedcadmium.This result indicates that the parameters of an adsorption isotherm are the same regardless of the sediment transport pattern.Inthe turbulence simulation tank,the turbulence is generated by harmonic grid-stirred motions,and the turbulence intensity is quantifiedin terms of eddy diffusivity,which is equal to 9.84F(F is the harmonic vibration frequency)and is comparable to natural surfacewater conditions.When the turbulence intensity of flow is low and sediment particles stay as bottom sediment,the adsorption rateis significantly low,and the adsorption quantity compared with that of suspended sediment is negligible in the 6 h duration of theexperiment.This result greatly favors the simplification of the numerical modeling of heavy metal pollutant transformation in naturalrivers.When the turbulence intensity is high but bottom sediment persists,the rate and extent of descent of the dissolved cadmiumconcentration in the tank noticeably increase,and the time that is required to reach adsorption equilibrium also increases considerablydue to the continuous exchange that occurs between the suspended sediment and the bottom sediment.A comparison of the results ofthe experiments in the batch reactor and those in the turbulence simulation tank reveals that the adsorption ability of the sediment,andin particular the adsorption rate,is greatly over-estimated in the batch reactor.     

Remediation of copper polluted red soils with clay materials

Attapulgite and montmorillonite were utilized to remediate heavy metal polluted red soils in Guixi City, Jiangxi Province, China. The e ects of clay minerals on availability, chemical distribution, and biotoxicity of Cu and Zn were evaluated. The results provided a reference for the rational application of clay materials to remediate heavy metal contaminated soils. From the sorption experiment, the maximum adsorbed Cu2+ by attapulgite and montmorillonite was 1501 and 3741 mg/kg, respectively. After polluted red soil was amended with attapulgite or montmorillonite and cultured at 30 and 60 days, soil pH increased significantly compared to the control. An 8% increase in the amount of montmorillonite in soil and 30 days incubation decreased acid exchangeable Cu by 24.7% compared to the control red soil. Acid exchangeable Cu decreased with increasing amounts of attapulgite and montmorillonite, with best remediation e ect reached at a dose of 8%. Results also showed that the Cu poisoning e ect on earthworms was reduced with the addition of attapulgite and montmorillonite. Montmorillonite showed the best e ect, with the addition of a 2% dose the mortality of earthworms decreased from 60% to zero compared to the control. Our results indicated that the bioavailability of Cu in soils was reduced more e ectively with the application of montmorillonite than attapulgite.     

你的健康是否在受重金属的威胁？

矿产资源滥挖滥采造成的农田重金属污染,目前在我国不少省区已到了触目惊心的地步,因此最近国务院正式批复了由环保部制定的《重金属污染综合防治＂十二五＂规划》,给公众带来了更多的期待。据《规划》起草人之一、环保部环境规划院副院长吴舜泽透露,五大重点防控行业是指重有色金属矿采选业、重有色金属冶炼业、铅蓄电池制造业、皮革及其制品业、化学原料及化学制品制造业。     

重金属废水处理方法综述

水体重金属污染严重影响生态环境与人类健康,需要加以治理。针对重金属废水的不同特点,处理方法也多种多样。本文就各种处理重金属废水的方法进行了简要综述并做了简短展望。     

海水中重金属检测方法研究及治理技术探索

文章介绍了海水中重金属的检测方法的工作原理、研究进展及其优缺点,包括原子吸收光谱法、原子荧光法、阳极溶出伏安法、催化极谱法、电感耦合等离子体质谱法及其他方法;概述了水体中重金属污染防治的物理法、化学法、生物法和膜分离技术等4种常用方法,提出了海水中重金属污染治理方法建议。     

重金属阳离子荧光传感器合成及光谱性研究

通过亚胺缩合的反应制备出阳离子荧光传感器（Cation Fluorescent Sensors,CFSs）,并对其结构、光谱性能检测、荧光量子产率等进行了详细的研究.通过荧光化学传感器产生的荧光光谱一直是高效的分析方法,因此合成了新的基于席夫碱的荧光化学传感器,并研究了对各种金属离子的结合特性.在CH3CN溶液中测试了阳离子荧光传感器时不同阳离子的选择性响应,发现对Cu2＋有较好的选择性,可用于Cu2＋的检测.该类阳离子荧光传感器是基于2,2-联噻吩-5-乙醛的荧光发射基团和邻氨基苯甲醚为识别基团的一类阳离子荧光传感器.     

探析重金属镉对土壤的危害及应对措施

随着工业的迅速发展,工业排放污染已严重危害着土壤的安全,特别是重金属镉污染危害性最大。本文就镉污染对土壤危害性进行了分析,并对如何治理进行了分析研究。