磁絮凝高效处理高浊度废水的性能及机理研究

自来水供水厂在运行过程会产生大量高浊度废水,其中富集了许多微生物、有机物及无机杂质,若直接排放会严重污染河流水体及周边土壤.采用磁絮凝工艺处理自来水厂供水过程中产生的高浊度废水,通过单因素和正交试验考察了聚合氯化铝(PAC)投加量、磁种(Fe3O4)投加量、废水初始pH值和沉降时间对废水中浊度、COD和UV254去除效...     

3种填料A.ferrooxidans挂膜效果及对模拟酸性矿山废水中Fe2+生物矿化能力比较

氧化亚铁硫杆菌（A.ferrooxidans）介导的生物矿化方法可促使酸性矿山废水（Acid Mine Drainage,AMD）中Fe离子向次生铁矿物转变. 采用固定化的方式来提高A.ferrooxidans密度有助于强化Fe²⁺的生物矿化能力.选取流化床19孔填料、弹性填料、悬浮球填料作为挂膜对象, 通过多批次的连续培养来考察3种填料的A.ferrooxidans挂膜能力及稳定挂膜所需周期,继而比较3种挂膜填料对模拟AMD中Fe²⁺的生物矿化能力,并估算A.ferrooxidans有效生物量.结果表明,3种填料（5.00 g）的A.ferrooxidans挂膜能力依次为弹性填料（1.76 g）＞流化床19孔填料（0.90 g）＞悬浮球填料（0.78 g）（干重）,且挂膜启动至稳定状态至少需要4批次.X射线衍射分析（X-ray diffraction,XRD）表明,3种填料表面 含矿生物膜均为施氏矿物和黄钾铁矾的混合物.以游离态A.ferrooxidans的Fe²⁺氧化速率作为参比,估算出流化床19孔填料、弹性填料、悬浮球填料生物膜中A.ferrooxidans有效生物量依次为1.67×10⁸、8.52×10⁸、1.92×10⁸ cells·g^-1 （干基）.研究还发现,等同Fe²⁺生物氧化速率下, A.ferrooxidans挂膜填料比游离态A.ferrooxidans具有更强的AMD矿化驱动能力.     

TiO_2/MWCNTs光催化氧化法深度处理焦化废水生化尾水

文章采用简单的溶胶凝胶-物理负载法制备了TiO_2/MWCNTs复合光催化剂,利用傅里叶变换红外光谱、扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、X射线衍射和紫外-可见漫反射光谱等表征方法对TiO_2/MWCNTs的物理化学性质进行了表征,并将其应用于H_2O_2协同光催化氧化法深度处理焦化废水生化尾水中。结果表明,TiO_2主要为锐钛矿相,MWCNTs掺杂后降低了TiO_2的禁带宽度。MWCNTs掺杂量（MWCNTs/TiO_2质量比）为0.50%时,TiO_2/MWCNTs的光催化活性最高,H_2O_2的加入显著提高了光催化氧化效率。TiO_2/MWCNTs投加量为1.0g/L,H_2O_2的投加量为1.5mL/L,废水初始pH值为3,反应时间为150min时,焦化废水生化尾水的COD、UV_(254)、色度、TOC的去除率分别为65.22%、88.71%、89.74%和46.56%。自由基捕获实验表明,·O_2^-是光催化氧化过程中最主要的活性组分。TiO_2/MWCNTs经5次重复使用后,对焦化废水生化尾水COD和UV_(254)的降解效率仍然可以达到67.49%和83.83%,表明催化剂稳定性良好。     

离子色谱法测定工业废水中的微量氰化物

用HPIC－AG6为前置柱，以0.512mol/L醋酸钠－0.1mol/L氢氧化钠－0.5%乙二胺作洗脱液，用离子色谱法可测定废水中的微量氰化物，CN^-含量在2.8μg/L－1.5mg/L的范围内，线性范围内，线性关系良好（r=0.998);16mg/L以下的S^2-及大量的SCN^-、Cl^-等共存物质不干扰测定。     

Production of laccase by Coriolus versicolor and its application in decolorization of dyestuffs: (Ⅱ) Decolorization of dyes by laccase containing fermentation broth with or without self-immobilized mycelia

The capability of decolorization for commercial dyes by Coriolus versicolur fermentation broth containing laccase with or without immobilized mycelium was evaluated.With cell-free fermentation broth containing laccase,high decolorization ratio was achieved for acid orange 7,but not for the other dyes concerned.The immobilized mycelium was proved to be more efficient than the cell-free system.All the four dyestuffs studied were found being decolourized with certain extent by immobilized mycelium.The repeated-batch decolorization was carried out with satisfactory results.The experimental data showed that the continuous decolorization of wastewater from a printing and dyeing industry was possible by using self-immobilized C.Versicolor.     

2-Chlorophenol oxidation kinetic by photo-assisted Fenton process

Experimental data are presented to test and validate a kinetic model for the oxidation of 2-chlorophenol wastewater by photo-assisted Fenton process. The data showed that this process had produced good effects under acidic conductions. Up to 90% 2-chlorophenol was removed after 90-minute reaction time with H2O2 of 25% CODCr. in, while in UV/H2O2 system ordy 16.8% 2-chlorophenol was removed after one hour treatment. The optimal pH in this reaction occurred between pH 3.0 and pH 4.0. The reaction kinetics for photo-assisted Fenton process experimented in this research was investigated. Kinetic models were proposed for the treatment of 2-chlorophenol wastewater. The reaction was found to follow the 2nd order. The equations of reaction kinetics are as follows:-d[RH]/dt=KRH[RH][H2O2]0exp(-KH2o2t);-d[CODCr]/dt=KCODCr[CODCr][H2O2]0exp(-K′t).The prediction of the models was found to be in a good agreement with experimental results, thus confimfing the proposed reaction mechanism.     

气浮与吸附氧化法在印染废水处理工程中的应用

以阜新市金羽针织有限责任公司印染废水的水质状况及采用气浮与吸附氧化法建设的20t/h处理工程为实例。该装置经过近4个月的运行，表明治理技术先进，投资少、运行成本低，处理效果好。印染废水中的主要污染因子CODcr完全达到了辽宁省地方污染物诽放标准的要求。     

印染废水处理工艺的改造实践

由于原有的废水处理系统的处理效果不能达到应有的处理目标。废水的色度、COD_(cr)、BOD_5、硫化物仍然经常出现超标现象。所以必须对原有的废水处理系统进行改进。通过实验室小试,确定新的絮凝剂和最佳操作条件,同时对接触氧化池的填料更换,提高废水中污染物的去除效率,使出水水质达到行业排放一级标准。该工艺具有运行费用低、处理效果稳定等特点,尤其适合中小型印染厂废水治理。     

A pilot scale anoxic/oxic membrane bioreactor (A/O MBR) for woolen mill dyeing wastewater treatment

A pilot-scale( 10 m^3/d) anoxic/oxic membrane bioreactor( A/O MBR) was tested for dyeing wastewater treatment of woolen mill without wasting sludge in 125 days operation. Results showed that the effluent quality was excellent, i.e. effluent COD less than 25 mg/L,BOD5 under 5 mg/L, turbidity lower than 0.65 NTU, and colour less than 30 DT, and met with the reuse water standard of China. The removal rates of COD, BOD5, colour, and turbidity were 92.4%, 98.4%, 74% and 98.9%, respectively. Constant-flux operation mode was carried out in this study, and backwash was effective for reducing membrane fouling and maintaining constant flux. Membrane fouling had heavy impact on energy consumption. More attention should be paid on pipe selection and design for the sidestream MBR system, too.     

投药-活性污泥法在印染废水处理工程中的应用

投药-活性污泥工艺应用于印染废水处理，在活性污泥池后二沉池前设置-混凝反应槽，投加絮凝剂PAC(碱式氯化铝)和PAM(聚丙烯酰胺)，一方面可避免污泥膨胀的发生，并具有脱色功能，另一方面也可避免采用接触氧化工艺带来的填料脱落、池底部曝气装置难以维修的麻烦，大大减少了工程的维护费用。