粪固醇作为海洋环境中粪便污染指示物的研究

在建立一种气相色谱/质谱选择离子模式(GC/MS-SIM)测定污水、沉积物样品中粪固醇的检测方法的基础上,构建8个粪固醇比值指数,表征不同动物粪便的污染来源,探讨污水和沉积物中不同粪固醇对海洋环境污染的指示作用。结果表明,不同粪固醇可以作为污水、沉积物中不同来源粪便的指示物。     

壬基酚异构体的雌激素效应研究进展

壬基酚是一种内分泌干扰物,可以对人类和动物机体正常的内分泌功能产生影响。以往进行的壬基酚雌激素效应研究多以工业壬基酚为研究对象,很少以单一的壬基酚异构体作为受试化合物。而工业壬基酚是由不同异构体组成的混合物,不同结构壬基酚异构体的雌激素活性存在差异。文章综述了国内外壬基酚及异构体雌激素效应研究的现状,包括各种雌激素活性体外测定方法与结果、壬基酚异构体结构与雌激素活性的相关性等,分析了文献中不同实验条件下壬基酚雌激素活性测定结果产生差异的原因,提出了壬基酚雌激素效应研究的展望。     

浅述工业废水除油方法

介绍了工业含油废水的来源、性质及危害,对比分析了常用的废水除油方法．提出了今后废水除油技术的发展方向,认为要重视源头控制、采用多种方法联合处理及开发新型高效的废水除油处理系统。     

某石化企业化验岗位工人苯系物接触现状调查

为了解某石化企业化验岗位工人与苯系物接触现状,对该企业6个化验岗位进行了苯系物职业危害因素检测。结果表明：化工厂一工段油品室、乙烯化验车间、乙烯质检中心油品组苯超标严重。通过综合分析,对今后该企业化验岗位苯系物危害因素治理提出了建议。     

1株BTEX降解新菌株的分离鉴定及其降解特性研究

取自炼油污水处理厂曝气池的活性污泥经过苯系物定向驯化后,选育到1株能同时高效降解苯、甲苯、乙苯和邻二甲苯(BTEX)的菌株byf-4,基于形态特征、生理生化、16S rDNA序列系统学分析和Biolog鉴定,可确定该菌株为染料分枝杆菌Mycobacterium cosmeticum,其为新发现的1株具有降解BTEX性能的菌株.该菌株最佳生长温度和pH分别为30℃和7.0,其对4种苯系物的降解优先顺序为苯、甲苯、乙苯、邻二甲苯;菌株降解苯、甲苯、乙苯和邻二甲苯的比耗氧速率分别为165.3、170.5、49.3和57.4 mg.(min.mg)-1;菌株降解BTEX的过程遵循Haldane动力学模型,对苯、甲苯、乙苯和邻二甲苯的最大比降解速率分别为0.518、0.491、0.443和0.422 h-1,菌株最大比生长速率分别为0.352、0.278、0.172和0.136 h-1.     

沈阳市部分装修居室室内空气污染测定

通过对部分装修居室不同通风时间、不同位置进行甲醛和苯系物的实际测定,基本掌握居室室内空气主要污染物及其污染程度,提出了装修房间室内空气污染防治措施。     

Influence of the wastewater composition on denitrification and biological P-removal in the S-DN-P process： （c） Dissolved and undissolved substrates

The denitrification and P-removal in the sorption-denitrification-P-removal (S-DN-P) process were carried out under various wastewater compositions. It is noted that P-removal largely depends on the wastewater composition as well to the quantity of the substrates present in wastewater fraction. Three different wastewater fractions are obtained as: raw wastewater, dissolved wastewater (obtained with filtration using 0.45 μm filter), and undissolved wastewater (i.e., infiltrate obtained by above filtration). ...     

基于熵权的物元分析法在土壤重金属污染评价中的应用

本文运用基于熵权的物元分析法对土壤重金属污染进行综合评价,并将其评价结果与属性识别法、模糊数学法进行对比,结果表明运用物元分析法进行土壤重金属污染评价是可行的,且科学、合理.     

In vitro thyroid disrupting e ects of organic extracts from WWTPs in Beijing

It is generally known that there are many endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) in the e uents from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Most research has focused on the occurrence of estrogenic or androgenic activities, while ignoring that there are environmental chemicals disrupting thyroid system, which is essential for growth and development in both humans and animals. In the present work, a two-hybrid yeast assay was conducted to evaluate the removal e ciencies of agonistic or antagonistic thyroid receptor (TR) mediated e ects in di erent treatment processes of three WWTPs located in Beijing. We found no TR agonistic, but TR antagonistic activities in all processes from the WWTPs. The TR antagonistic activities in organic extracts of water samples were then calibrated regarding to a known TR-inhibitor, amiodarone hydrochloride (AH). The observed concentration of TR disrupting substances ranged from 2.35 10??8 to 6.19 10??7 mol/L AH in Gaobeidian WWTP, 3.76 10??8 to 8.75 10??8 mol/L AH in Lugouqiao WWTP, and 4.80 10??9 to 2.55 10??8 mol/L AH in Beixiaohe WWTP. Of the three WWTPs, the removal rates were 92.7%, 42.2%, and 23.1% respectively. Industrial sewage may contain more TR disrupting substances compared with domestic sewage. The recipient waters were found to contain considerable concentrations of TR disrupting substances that may cause adverse e ects on the exposed organisms.     

小城镇灾害易损性可拓评估的原理和应用

为给小城镇防灾减灾和小城镇规划等提供科学依据,本文借鉴可拓原理对小城镇灾害易损性进行了可拓评估.首先,建立了小城镇灾害易损性的可拓评估流程,结合湖南小城镇实例,选取评价指标,确定灾害易损性的分级标准;其次,构建了可拓评估的经典域、节域蝌和物元;然后提出了用简单关联函数计算指标权重;最后,计算了灾害易损性的关联函数值和关联度,评估了灾害易损性的等级并计算了其变量特征值.与模糊评估方法相比,两者平级结果总体上一致.结果表明,该方法能较真实地反映小城镇灾害易损性等级,同时也证明了将可拓原理应用于小城镇灾害易损性评估的可行性.