Optimization of gasoline hydrocarbon compositions for reducing exhaust emissions

Effects of hydrocarbon compositions on raw exhaust emissions and combustion processes were studied on an engine test bench. The optimization of gasoline hydrocarbon composition was discussed. As olefins content increased from 10.0% to 25.0% in volume, the combustion duration was shortened by about 2 degree crank angle ( CA), and the engine-out THC emission was reduced by about 15%. On the other hand, as aromatics content changed from 35.0% to 45.0%, the engine-out NOx emissions increased by 4%. An increment in olefins content resulted in a slight increase in engine-out CO emission, while the aromatics content had little e ect on engine-out total hydrocarbon (THC) and CO emissions. Over the new European driving cycle (NEDC), the THC, NOx and CO emissions of fuel with 25.0% olefins and 35.0% aromatics were about 45%, 21% and 19% lower than those of fuel with 10.0% olefins and 40.0% aromatics, respectively. The optimized gasoline compositions for new engines and new vehicles have low aromatics and high olefins contents.     

专利资讯

利用陶瓷抛光砖废料制备硅酸盐水泥的方法,废弃混凝土活化再生水泥技术,废弃混凝土回收方法及其装置和回收的胶凝材料的用途,铸造废砂生产混凝土砖的配方及其生产方法。     

Comparative study of microbial community structure in di erent filter media of constructed wetland

Comparisons of microbial community structure, in eight filter media of zeolites, anthracite, shale, vermiculite, ceramic filter media, gravel, steel slag and bio-ceramic, were undertaken by analyzing the phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) composition. A total of 20 fatty acids in the range of C11 to C20 were determined but only 13 PLFAs were detected in steel slag. They consist of saturated fatty acids, branched fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, and polyunsaturated fatty acids. The variation of fatty acids was revealed in the relative proportions of these fatty acids in di erent media. The aerobic prokaryotes were the predominant group in all media. The PLFA composition showed significant di erences among the eight di erent media by Tukey’s honestly test. It was found that steel slag was significantly di erent in the microbial community as compared to other filter media, probably due to its alkaline e uent. Steel slag alone is probably not a good choice of substratum in constructed wetlands. The principle components analysis (PCA) showed that zeolites, bio-ceramic, shale and vermiculite had a similar microbial community structure while steel slag and ceramic filter media were distinct from other media.     

不同组成木质陶瓷对去除城市生活污水二级出水中有机物及氮磷的研究

以小麦秸秆、凹凸棒石、针铁矿为原料,以酚醛树脂为黏结剂,通过复合、热压、烧结等工艺过程制备出不同成分的木质陶瓷,并利用该系列木质陶瓷对城市二级出水中的有机物及氮磷进行吸附实验研究。结果表明,900℃下的木质陶瓷[m(麦秸)∶m(凹凸棒石)∶m(针铁矿)=1∶1∶1]COD及NH_3-N的吸附效果最佳,2 h可达吸附平衡,投加量为8 g/L时COD去除率达66.48%,投加量为6 g/L时氨氮去除率为69.72%,且酸性条件不利于COD的吸附,NH_3-N的最佳吸附p H范围是2~11。800℃下的木质陶瓷[(麦秸)∶m(凹凸棒石)∶m(针铁矿)=1∶2∶0]P的吸附效果最佳,15 min可达吸附平衡,投加量为6 g/L时总P去除率可达99.69%,p H值、转速、温度对吸附磷影响不大。     

航空发动机涡轮叶片热障涂层冲蚀试验装置的研制

目的通过研制热障涂层冲蚀服役环境的模拟装置,来研究冲蚀失效机制。方法通过研制模拟热障涂层高温热冲击的燃气喷枪,在喷枪中设计速度、流量可控的颗粒送料系统,同时在装置中集成裂纹演化实时检测的声发射系统。结果该系统实现了热障涂层冲蚀服役环境的模拟,温度场、裂纹演化损伤参量的同步采集、输出与显示,从而完成了冲蚀服役环境模拟与关键损伤参量实时检测的一体化设计。结论装置能完成热障涂层常温、高温等各种服役温度、各种冲蚀角度、各种冲蚀速度等条件下的模拟试验,并提供较为系统的损伤参量检测数据,为理解热障涂层的冲蚀机理、优化其设计制备提供有效的试验数据。     

关于节能减排技术在港口起重设备节能中的讨论

一、前言 港口是交通运输的重要中转集散地,是能源消耗大户,因而节能减排已成为港口管理者的重要工作之一.因此研讨港口的节能减排对港口的节能减排工作至关重要. 二、港口起重设备能耗方式 1.势能损耗 起重搬运的负载质量大,一般都有数吨到数十吨重.由于负载质量大、位置高,因而具有很大的势能.尤其是岸边集装箱起蓖机,起升高度大,运行过程中产生很大的重力势能.     

罗思源局长调研督导环境信访工作

5月10日,罗思源局长率队前往东风日产乘用车公司、越堡水泥公司调研污染治理工作。在花都区林中坚区长等领导陪同下,罗思源局长深入东风日产发动机分公司铸造车间,仔细询问了生产废气污染整治工作的开展情况,逐一了解有机废气收集和处理的技术措施、设备改造和污染治理工     

无机超滤技术和生化处理技术在宝钢冷轧含油废水处理中的应用

冷轧废水处理是轧钢工艺中的难点之一。宝钢 2 0 30冷轧废水处理改造工程 ,首次将生化处理技术引入到冷轧含油废水处理工艺 ,并在工程中采用了无机陶瓷超滤技术 ,从而实现了冷轧废水处理的国产化及国内技术总成     

以堇青石蜂窝陶瓷为载体的新型钒氧化物脱氮催化剂研究

以TiO₂/Al₂O₃/堇青石蜂窝陶瓷为载体,以V₂O₅-MoO₃-WO₃为活性组分,用于氨法选择性催化还原烟气中NO的新型催化剂,并对该催化剂的活性性能和微观结构进行了评价和表征.同时,将该催化剂的活性性能与其它几种活性组分相同但载体、制备方法、结构不同的催化剂进行了对比.对比结果表明,该新型催化剂能取得最好的选择性催化还原氮氧化物催化性能BET、FT IR、XPS表征实验结果表明,其高催化活性得益于大比表面积及大孔体积,而TiO₂/Al₂O₃/堇青石蜂窝陶瓷载体及其制备方法对获得好的催化剂构型起了至关重要的作用.     

燃煤陶瓷隧道窑的烟气净化技术

主要论述了某陶瓷厂新建成的燃煤隧道窑的除尘脱硫设施。采用湿式除尘脱硫与陶瓷微孔过滤除尘技术相结合 ,同时通过在循环水中加生石灰的方法进行脱硫 ,净化后的烟气通过 35米烟囱排放。经当地环保部门监测 ,净化后的烟气完全达标排放。该套设备除尘效率不低于 94.94% ,平均达到 95 .87% ;脱硫效率不低于 56 .2 5% ,平均达到 63 .69%