Quinone-mediated decolorization of sulfonated azo dyes by cells and cell extracts from Sphingomonas xenophaga

The effects of various quinone compounds on the decolorization rates of sulfonated azo dyes by Sphingomonas xenophaga QYY were investigated. The results showed that anthraquinone-2-sulfonate (AQS) was the most effective redox mediator and AQS reduction was the rate-limited step of AQS-mediated decolorization of sulfonated azo dyes. Based on AQS biological toxicity tests, it was assumed that AQS might enter the cells to kill them. In the cytoplasmic extracts from strain QYY, AQS effectively increased decolorization rates of sulfonated azo dyes than other quinone compounds. In addition, we found a NADH/FMN-dependent AQS reductase using nondenaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (Native-PAGE).     

快速石墨炉原子吸收法测定清洁地表水中痕量Cu,Pb,Cd

通过删去灰化步骤，缩短干燥时间，在无基体改进剂的条件下，提出了快速测定水中痕量Ｃｕ、Ｐｂ、Ｃｄ的方法。方法简单、快速，符合常规水质分析需要。     

饮水中非挥发性有机污染物致突变性的防治对策

针对饮水致突变物的主要成因研究了减少饮水致突变活性的措施。结果表明：进厂源水生物膜预处理,可使致突变前体物,如藻、腐殖酸、总有机碳等含量分别减少68.2％、23.9％、37.2％,使水厂加氯量减少50％,最终使所制饮水的致突变件减少30％。改革加氯消毒方法可使饮水致突变活性降低,不同消毒剂所致致突变活性顺序为Cl₂＞ClO₂Cl₂＋ClO₂＞源水,Cl₂＋ClO₂等量联合消毒优于单一加氯消毒法,既可提高所试甲型肝炎病毒、脊髓灰质炎病毒及大肠杆菌ｆ₂噬菌体的灭活效果一至数倍;又可使饮水中CHCl₃,减少91.5％－96.5％,致突变活性减少27.6％。     

条件价值评估法本土化改进及其验证——来自武汉的实证研究

运用条件价值评估法(CVM)评估资源环境等非市场物品价值是近年来国外研究的热点问题。20世纪90年代后期,国内开始陆续出现以CVM评估非市场价值的研究案例,多数文献集中在该方法的应用层面。论文以武汉市耕地非市场价值评估为研究目标,紧密结合现实国情和武汉市的具体情况,针对耕地非市场价值内涵界定、WTP与WTA选择、价值评估影响人群界定、WTP累加、支付方式选择等多个技术环节展开探索性研究,结合实际对传统CVM理论模型进行了修正。CVM问卷调查分析表明,在论文所定义的耕地价值内涵下,具有武汉户籍农村居民的平均WTP为22d,耕地非市场价值为1523.83元/hm₂。     

厌氧-好氧法治理中药废水研究

厌氧—好氧法处理中药废水 ,污泥中生物相丰富 ,原生、后生动物数量多 ,污泥沉降性能优良 ,出水水质好 ,CODCr、BOD5 等指标都达到了一级排放标准。     

半干法钙基烟气脱硫技术

阐述了半干法脱硫机理和影响因素以及容易出现的问题及其解决方法。针对半干法脱硫剂利用率低、Ca／S高的问题，提出了几种提高脱硫剂利用率的技术。     

Ultrasonic preparation of nano-nickel/activated carbon composite using spent electroless nickel plating bath and application in degradation of 2,6-dichlorophenol

Ni was effectively recovered from spent electroless nickel （EN） plating baths by forming a nano-nickel coated activated carbon composite. With the aid of ultrasonication, melamine- formaldehyde-tetraoxalyl-ethylenediamine chelating resins were grafted on activated carbon （MFT/AG）. PdC12 sol was adsorbed on MFT/AC, which was then immersed in spent electroless nickel plating bath; then nano-nickel could be reduced by ascorbic acid to form a nano-nickel coating on the activated carbon composite （Ni/AC） in situ. The materials present were carefully examined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electro- chemistry techniques. The resins were well distributed on the inside and outside surfaces of activated carbon with a size of 120 ± 30 nm in MFT/AC, and a great deal of nano-nickel particles were evenly deposited with a size of 3.8 ± 1.1 nm in Ni/MFT. Moreover, Ni/AC was successfully used as a catalyst for ultrasonic degradation of 2.6-dichloronhenol.     

大气环境质量评价的灰色聚类法

运用灰色聚类法对西安地区文物古迹的大气环境质量进行了评价，并与综合指数方法作了比较．结果表明，灰色聚类法不仅注意到分级界限的模糊性，而且信息利用率和精度均有较大幅度的提高．因此，利用灰色聚类法评价大气环境质量，方法简便，结论更能反映实际的大气污染现状．     

荞麦皮生物吸附去除水中罗丹明B的吸附条件响应面法及热力学研究

采用Box-Behnken响应面优化实验设计对荞麦皮生物吸附去除水中染料罗丹明B的影响因素（如温度、pH值、染料初始浓度、吸附剂用量）进行研究,建立了去除率与上述因素之间的二次多项式模型,得到荞麦皮去除罗丹明B的最佳条件为：温度50℃、pH=2、罗丹明B初始浓度100mg·L^-1、吸附剂用量11.75g·L^-1,最...     

电化学微传感器检测水中痕量铜离子

为改善微电极在阳极溶出伏安法检测重金属离子过程中低电流响应和低电催化能力的缺点,提出了一种在碳纤维微电极表面合成还原氧化石墨烯/纳米金材料制得还原氧化石墨烯纳米金修饰碳纤维微电极（rGO/AuNPs CFMEs）的方法.通过SEM表征,所制备的rGO/AuNPs CFMEs具有比表面积高、吸附能力强和催化活性好的特点,因此改性微电极适合作为方波阳极溶出伏安法（SWASV）测定水中铜离子（Cu²⁺）的工作电极.在构建微传感器测试水中痕量铜离子系统后,对pH值、电导率、富集时间和富集电位等检测条件进行了优化.在pH值为4,电导率为36.1S/m,富集时间为360s,富集电位为-1.2V的最佳条件下,铜的线性范围和检出限分别0~1.0μmol/L和2.4nmol/L.此外,微传感器的可重复性、长期稳定性以及选择性也得到了验证.