新型天然有机高分子阳离子改性絮凝剂的制备研究

为研发绿色絮凝剂,改善水资源短缺现状,以天然有机高分子玉米芯准纳米粉(QCCP,直径<0.147 mm)为母体,用三乙胺与环氧氯丙烷共聚产物为阳离子单体(M)进行改性.采用H2O2-FeSO4作引发剂,制得一种新型天然有机高分子阳离子改性絮凝剂DXSL-Ⅰ,确定了优化的反应条件.将2.0 g QCCP与含有0.7 g NaOH的8 mL水混合,40 ℃条件下碱化60 min.然后,加入8 mL醚化单体和体系总质量0.01%引发剂以及0.1% NaCl作为抑制剂,55 ℃条件下醚化3.5 h.实验表明,用该絮凝剂絮凝处理高岭土悬浊液时,不到5 min中层透光率就能达到95%以上.其絮凝性能达到传统絮凝剂聚丙烯酰胺的技术指标.此外,运用红外谱图化学结构分析和扫描电镜介观形貌分析辅助说明了改性反应的成功.     

聚硅铝硼絮凝剂处理靛蓝废水的试验

利用自制的聚硅铝硼无机高分子絮凝剂 (PSBA)对靛蓝废水进行絮凝处理 ,确定了絮凝剂最佳投药量和相应的废水 p H值。经絮凝处理后 ,靛蓝废水的CODCr去除率最高可达 6 4 % ,脱色率可达 90 % ,絮凝效果较好。     

专利资讯

专利名称:废橡胶、废油、废塑料的汽化工艺及汽化装置专利申请号:CN201 01 01 051 26.7公开号:CN1 021 26706A申请日:201 0.02.03公开日:201 1.07.20申请人:上海国环能源开发有限公司;日本伸光株式会社本发明公开了一种废橡胶、废油、废塑料的汽化工艺及     

无机高分子混凝剂处理冶炼厂初期雨水研究

介绍了混凝剂的选取原则,研究了几种常用水处理无机高分子絮凝剂对废水中重金属离子的脱除效果,通过对比聚合硫酸铁和PAM絮凝沉降后出水,发现聚合硫酸铁有助于改善出水COD指标,同时优化投加顺序可降低碱单耗.     

有机高分子絮凝剂的应用与研究进展

絮凝沉淀法是水处理中的有效方法,絮凝剂的选择是该方法中的关键因素,根据其化学成分的不同,一般分为无机、有机、微生物絮凝剂三种。有机高分子絮凝剂由于其用量小、絮凝速度快和受外界因素影响小等优势得到广泛的应用。本文详细介绍了有机高分子絮凝剂的种类、使用情况及研究进展,并对有机高分子絮凝剂的发展趋势进行了展望。     

高分子重金属絮凝剂SSXA对Cu2+的捕集性能研究

以淀粉-丙烯酰胺接枝共聚物、NaOH、CS2为原料,在一定条件下合成了一种新型高分子重金属絮凝剂--淀粉基黄原酸酯-丙烯酰胺接枝共聚物.研究了该絮凝剂的除Cu2 、去浊机理,并对硫酸铝浓度、初始Cu2 浓度、pH值、浊度等影响其除铜及去浊效能的因素作了考察.实验结果表明:(1)该絮凝剂对Cu2 有很好的捕集功能,但需要与硫酸铝复配以提高其沉降性能,适合复配使用.Al3 与初始Cu2 的体积摩尔浓度比值为0.3较为适宜,此时Cu2 去除率大于98%;(2)pH值对复配体系的除Cu2 、去浊效果影响不大;(3)Cu2 和致浊物质共存时,会互相促进彼此的去除.对初始Cu2 浓度为25 mg·L-1、浊度为5～300NTU的水样,处理后出水Cu2 浓度小于0.5mg·L-1、浊度小于3NTU.     

絮凝剂的开发及其应用进展

文章对无机絮凝剂、有机高分子絮凝剂、微生物絮凝剂(MBF)和其他絮凝剂进行了介绍,综述了絮凝剂的研究现状,对以上几种絮凝剂在废水处理等领域中的应用情况进行了阐述。比较了几种絮凝剂的特点,并对絮凝剂的发展趋势进行分析和展望。     

Effects of ultrasonic pretreatment on sludge dewaterability and extracellular polymeric substances distribution in mesophilic anaerobic digestion

Effect of ultrasonic pretreatment on sludge dewaterability was determined and the fate of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) matrix in mesophilic anaerobic digestion after ultrasonic pretreatment was studied. Characteristics of proteins (PN), polysaccharides (PS), excitation-emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence spectroscopy and molecular weight (MW) distribution of dissolved organic matters (DOM) in different EPS fractions were evaluated. The results showed that after ultrasonic pretreatment, the normalized capillary suction time (CST) decreased from 44.4 to 11.1 (sec·L)/g total suspended solids (TSS) during anaerobic digestion, indicating that sludge dewaterability was greatly improved. The normalized CST was significantly correlated with PN concentration (R2 = 0.92, p 0.01) and the PN/PS ratio (R2 = 0.84, p 0.01) in the loosely bound EPS (LB-EPS) fraction. Meanwhile, the average MW of DOM in the LB- EPS and tightly bound EPS (TB-EPS) fractions also had a good correlation with the normalized CST (R2 0.66, p 0.01). According to EEM fluorescence spectroscopy, tryptophan-like substances intensities in the slime, LB-EPS and TB-EPS fractions were correlated with the normalized CST. The organic matters in the EPS matrix played an important role in influencing sludge dewaterability.     

Properties and coagulation mechanisms of polyferric silicate sulfate with high concentration

Polyferric silicate sulfate （PFSS） with high concentration was prepared using the composite-poly method. The coagulation properties and mechanisms of this new complex were probed using TEM, Fe-Ferron timed complex-colorimetric method, and infrared spectrum method. The results showed that the flocculating effect of polyferric silicate sulfate had an advantage over polyferric sulfate （PFS）, as the optimum coagulation effect could be obtained when the Si/Fe mole ratio was 0.75 in accordance with its macrostructure of PFSS. According to the Fe-Ferron timed complex-colorimetric method, the Si species was mainly Sic, whereas, the Fe species were Fea and Fec in the copolymerization system. The infrared spectra indicated that the structure of these new flocculants was formed by polymers, mainly by olation, which was different from polyferric sulfate, and the vibration of M-OH-M of around 1100 cm^-1, also proved that there existed Fe-OH-Fe and its polymers in some forms.     

高分子固体废物基活性炭对有机染料的吸附解吸行为研究

分别以3种高分子固体废物,即轮胎橡胶、聚氯乙烯(PVC)和聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)为原料,利用KOH活化法制备高比表面积活性炭.通过吸附实验研究了活性炭对2种有机染料(亚甲基蓝和甲基橙)的吸附、解吸行为,同时探讨了溶液pH值、离子强度和表面活性剂对吸附的影响.结果表明,PVC和PET基活性炭比表面积分别为2 666和2 831 m2.g-1,中孔容积分别为1.06和1.30 cm3.g-1,15 min内对亚甲基蓝和甲基橙的去除率分别高达98.5%和97.0%、99.5%和95.0%,且Langmuir模型拟合的染料最大吸附量均超过2 mmol.g-1,显著高于商业活性炭F400.Langmuir模型比Freundlich模型能更好地描述2种染料的吸附行为,说明吸附以表面单层覆盖为主.溶液pH值、离子强度和表面活性剂对染料吸附均有较大影响.制备的高分子基活性炭对亚甲基蓝的吸附强于甲基橙,2种染料均不容易发生解吸.实验结果可为高分子固体废物的资源化利用、制备经济高效的碳质吸附材料提供科学依据.