A vertically integrated eutrophication model and its application to a river-style reservoir-Fuchunjiang,China

Based on a 2-D hydrodynamic model, a vertically integrated eutrophication model was developed. The physical sub-model can be used for calculation of water density at different depths and the water quality sub-model was for calculation of algal growth. Suspended solids were divided into two types of sediment which named cohesive and non-cohesive sediments and simulated using separate methods. The light extinction coefficient used in the underwater light regime sub-model was linearly related to the sum of sediment and phytoplankton biomass. Some components less important to the model were simplified to improve practicability and calculation efficiency. Using field data from Fuchunjiang Reservoir, we calculated the sensitivity of ecological parameters included in this model and validated the model. The results of sensitivity analysis showed that the parameters strongly influenced the phytoplankton biomass including phytoplankton maximum growth rate, respiration rate, non-predatory mortality rate, and settling rate, zooplankton maximum filtration rate, specific extinction coefficient for suspended solids and sediment oxygen demand rate. The model was calibrated by adjusting these parameters. Total chlorophyll a (chl-a) concentrations at different layers in the water column were reproduced very well by the model simulations. The simulated chl-a values were positively correlated to the measured values with Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.92. The mean difference between measured and simulated chl-a concentrations was 12% of the measured chl-a concentration. Measured and simulated DO concentrations were also positively correlated (r=0.74) and the mean difference was 4% of measured DO concentrations. The successful validation of model indicated that it would be very useful in water quality management and algal bloom prediction in Fuchunjiang Reservoir and a good tool for water quality regularation in other river-style reservoirs.     

阿哈水库沉积物重金属污染及潜在生态风险评价

高原水库对改善当地气候环境、资源环境具有重要意义,而对高原水库的重金属污染及潜在生态风险评价报道甚少.以贵阳市重要饮用水源阿哈水库为研究对象,运用原子吸收、原子荧光法、ICP法对阿哈水库沉积物中7种重金属元素(Hg、Cd、Pb、As、Cu、Cr、Zn)进行测定,并根据Lars Hakanson潜在生态风险指数法对阿哈水库沉积物中重金属污染元素导致的生态风险进行分析.结果表明,沉积物中Zn的富集系数最高(Cr＞6).Cu次之(Cr=2.34);潜在生态风险评价结果显示,Hg潜在生态危害系数在所有站位中均＞40,(Cd)仅在2站位＞40.其余站位均＜40,其他元素潜在生态风险较低.重金属潜在生态风险系数依次为Hg＞Cd＞As＞Cu＞Pb＞Zn＞Cr.研究表明,阿哈水库已存在一定的生态风险.     

青山水库生态环境现状及保护措施

青山水库建设是缓解葫芦岛市供水紧张状况,促进地方经济发展的重要工程。本文在对项目生态环境分析的基础上,结合六股河流域生态环境特点,提出了生态保护措施。     

佛子岭水库水质理化监测与生物监测研究

为提高佛子岭水库水质监测质量,笔者于2009年1—12月,在对佛子岭水库进行水质理化监测的同时,开展水库浮游生物种类与数量调查。结果显示佛子岭水库生物多样性指数H值为2．22～3．37,综合污染指数K值为0．56～0．73,藻类叶绿素a含量为2．40～2．74μg／L,总磷含量为16．20～21．20μg／L;佛子岭水库水质等级为Ⅱ类,已受到轻一中度污染,属中营养型水体;研究表明水库水质理化监测与生物监测结果基本一致。     

辽宁大伙房水库水质富营养化状况及其发展趋势

根据"十一五"期间抚顺市环境监测中心站在大伙房水库的监测数据,分析了近五年来大伙房水库水体的营养状况。结果表明:大伙房水库水质已呈中营养状态,有向富营养化发展的潜在趋势。最后,结合抚顺市的实际情况,提出了防止大伙房水库富营养化的建议。     

乌江流域东风水库沉积物中汞及甲基汞的时空分布特征

为弄清东风水库水库沉积物中汞及甲基汞的时空分布特征,于春、夏两季对东风水库进行了采样,分别采用王水水浴消解-冷原子荧光法和萃取-乙基化结合GC-CVAFS法测定沉积物总汞和甲基汞的浓度。结果表明,春、夏两季东风水库沉积物的总汞剖面分布特征具有良好的一致性,没有明显的季节性变化;水库沉积物甲基汞浓度表现为夏季略高于春季,中、下游略高于上游,但在垂直方向上的分布规律不明显,并未像其他的水库一样在沉积物剖面中出现峰值。     

福建省山仔水库水质现状及演变趋势分析

依据1996年-2010年监测数据及实际观测情况,分析了山仔水库水质现状和长期变化趋势。水库建库初期,水质状况比较好,但随着外源污染输入和内源污染释放,水体中的各项污染物指标水平升高,特别是氮磷营养物质。控制外源污染近10年之后,水库水质有了明显好转,蓝藻水华现象亦呈减少趋势,但水体中的氮磷营养物质仍维持在一定水平,高于富营养化临界浓度,水库的生态治理仍不容忽视。     

综合水质标识指数法在崂山水库水质评价中的应用

通过采用综合水质标识指数法对崂山水库的水质进行评价,根据评价结果对水质情况进行综合说明,结合该水库的实际情况和水体目标要求,提出相应的措施和建议,并为相关管理部门提供科学的理论依据。     

铁岭市柴河水源供水工程对柴河水库功能影响研究

本文对供水工程实施后对水库功能的环境影响进行了分析,提出了相应的环境保护对策,对柴河水库水质的保护起到了一定的积极作用。     

季节性Kendall检验法在黄坛水库水质趋势分析中的应用

根据2003~2010年的黄坛水库水质监测数据,选取有代表性的溶解氧、高锰酸盐指数、五日生化需氧量、总磷、氨氮和总氮6项指标,运用季节性Kendall检验法对黄坛水库水质变化趋势进行分析,结果表明:黄坛水库水质的高锰酸盐指数呈高度显著下降趋势,五日生化需氧量、总磷和氨氮呈显著下降趋势,溶解氧和总氮无明显变化趋势。