Thermal hazard and decomposition kinetics of 1-butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium nitrate via TGA/DSC and FTIR

1-Butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium nitrate ([Bmmim][NO₃]), a kind of versatile and novel ionic liquids, is widely applied in the modern petrochemical industry. Nevertheless, its thermal hazard safety data at high temperature or thermal disturbance conditions are currently unavailable. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize the thermal risk of [Bmmim][NO₃] through auto-ignition temperature measurements, flash point analysis, thermal gravimetric analysis/differential scanning calorimetry (TGA/DSC), TGA-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR) and thermal decomposition kinetics analysis. Additionally, [Bmmim][NO₃] was examined using isothermal thermogravimetric analysis at different temperatures (220, 230, 240, 250, 260 and 270 °C). The experimental results show that the flash point of [Bmmim][NO₃] is 305.70 ± 9.30 °C and the auto-ignition temperature is 341.00 ± 21.60 °C with an ignition delay time of 8.6 s. In addition, using the nitrogen atmosphere TGA data to calculate the activation energy according to the Friedman, Kissinger and Flynn-Wall-Ozawa methods, roughly the same results were obtained. Finally, TGA-FTIR results show that [Bmmim][NO₃] produced acetylene, butane, butanol and carbon dioxide during the thermal decomposition process. This study could provide data support and some guidance for the thermal hazard assessment and safety control of [Bmmim][NO₃] during its use and storage.     

1-羟基芘的制备及其质谱光谱解析

报告了由芘制备1-羟基芘的方法,对所得产品进行了元素含量、质谱、核磁共振、紫外光谱、红外光谱和荧光光谱的分析。确定其组成为C_(6)H_(10)O_5,羟基在C_1位上;解析了质谱图中主要裂解产物的结构;给出特征光谱图,克分子消光(λ345nm)为3822.6。产品为较好的色谱纯品。     

废气排放量灰色建模新法初探

在研究和指出灰色建模常规方法理论缺陷的基础上,结合某化工厂废气排放预测实践,初步探讨和提出了将原始动态数据序列经过线性或指数变换,采用黄金分割法选取背景值的直接建模方法。初步研究表明,该方法较灰色建模常规方法在改善序列随机性、提高预测精度等方面,具有较明显的优越性和合理性,拓宽了GM(1,1)模型在环境科学领域中的应用范围。      

Testing the importance of accurate meteorological input fields and parameterizations in atmospheric transport modelling using dream - validation against ETEX-1

A tracer model, the DREAM, which is based on a combination of a near-range Lagrangian model and a long-range Eulerian model, has been developed. The meteorological meso-scale model, MM5V1, is implemented as a meteorological driver for the tracer model. The model system is used for studying transport and dispersion of air pollutants caused by a single but strong source as, e.g. an accidental release from a nuclear power plant. The model system including the coupling of the Lagrangian model with the Eulerian model are described. Various simple and comprehensive parameterizations of the mixing height, the vertical dispersion, and different meterological input data have been implemented in the combined tracer model, and the model results have been validated against measurements from the ETEX-1 release. Several different statistical parameters have been used to estimate the differences between the parameterizations and meterological input data in order to find the best performing solution.     

光度法测定水中己二胺

本文报道了在碱性介质中,沸水浴条件下,己二胺与２,４二硝基氯苯反应生成黄色的１,６二（２,４二硝基苯胺）己烷化合物,用氯仿萃取后于波长４２０ｎｍ处,用２０ｍｍ比色皿比色测定。文中对碱的用量,反应温度及时间,显色剂用量及萃取效率等进行了较详细研究,确定了最佳实验条件并进行了废水样品分析,结果满意。     

Cd(Ⅱ)-邻菲咯啉络合物极谱吸附波测定水中微量镉

在ＰＨ＝４．７４的０．２ｍｏｌ／ＨＡｃ－ＮａＡｃ缓冲体系中,Ｃｄ（Ⅱ）－邻菲咯啉络合物在单扫描波极谱仪上于－０．７９Ｖ处产生一灵敏的吸附还原波,其二次微分极谱波灵敏度高,波形好。     

菌株NKS-3对溴氨酸脱色特性探讨

从受溴氨酸污染地筛选出菌株ＮＫＳ－ ３ ,它对溴氨酸有脱色作用。菌株生长随碳源浓度增加而旺盛,溴氨酸能刺激菌株生长。溴氨酸浓度即使达到１０００ ｍｇ／Ｌ 也能被菌株基本脱色。研究发现,盐度抑制菌生长,在含盐培养液中溴氨酸的脱色过程被抑制     

苯甲酸生产废水的处理与资源化

为有效地回收甲苯液相氧化法生产苯甲酸的工业废水中的苯甲酸和乙酸,并配合废水生物降解的末端处理技术,研究了20%,30%和50%磷酸三丁酯(TBP)/煤油的混合溶剂、正辛醇和甲苯萃取苯甲酸稀溶液特性,以及对工业废水处理的实验.结果表明,TBP对苯甲酸稀溶液具有良好的萃取作用,而纯溶剂体系与溶剂的极性有关,正辛醇的萃取能力与30%TBP相当;残液中的COD_Cr值由萃取剂在水中的溶解和苯甲酸自身的COD_Cr值组成,其中残液中溶剂溶解导致的COD_Cr值随其中苯甲酸浓度变化不明显,且COD_Cr值的大小为:50%TBP≈30%TBP>正辛醇>20%TBP>甲苯.针对工业废水中主要含有苯甲酸和乙酸的工况,提出了废水资源化的处理工艺流程,即首先采用甲苯进行废水中苯甲酸的回收,之后,再利用三烷基氧磷/煤油为萃取剂回收废水中的醋酸,进一步生产绿色化学品乙酸钙镁盐.     

Ce/Zr系列催化剂上碳颗粒物燃烧行为

分别在TG和TPO上考察了CeO₂,ZrO₂及不同Ce/Zr比的CexZr1-xO₂固溶体催化剂上soot的燃烧性能,同时考察了反应气氛对活性的影响.结果表明:Ce基催化剂能明显降低soot的起燃温度,Ce/Zr比的不同导致Ce_xZr_1-xO₂催化剂性能的差异.反应的速度控制步骤随O₂浓度的不同而改变;H₂O对Ce_0.5Zr_0.5O₂上soot的氧化活性基本没有影响;由于NO氧化产生的NO₂具有更强的的氧化能力,因此NO对soot的燃烧具有促进作用,起燃温度降低了30℃.催化剂上的β氧种参与了soot燃烧过程.