Acid-assisted hydrothermal synthesis of nanocrystalline TiO2 from titanate nanotubes: Influence of acids on the photodegradation of gaseous toluene

In order to efficiently remove volatile organic compounds(VOCs) from indoor air, onedimensional titanate nanotubes(Ti NTs) were hydrothermally treated to prepare Ti O2 nanocrystals with different crystalline phases, shapes and sizes. The influences of various acids such as CH3 COOH, HNO3, HCl, HF and H2SO4 used in the treatment were separately compared to optimize the performance of the Ti O2 nanocrystals. Compared with the strong and corrosive inorganic acids, CH3 COOH was not only safer and more environmentally friendly, but also more efficient in promoting the photocatalytic activity of the obtained Ti O2. It was observed that the anatase Ti O2 synthesized in 15 mol/L CH3 COOH solution exhibited the highest photodegradation rate of gaseous toluene(94%), exceeding that of P25(44%) by a factor of more than two. The improved photocatalytic activity was attributed to the small crystallite size and surface modification by CH3 COOH. The influence of relative humidity(20%–80%) on the performance of Ti O2 nanocrystals was also studied. The anatase Ti O2 synthesized in 15 mol/L CH3 COOH solution was more tolerant to moisture than the other Ti O2 nanocrystals and P25.     

中国古代黑道凶日之谜的破译

本文从古天文理论和现代研究两个方面,对中国古代黑道凶日之谜进行初步破译,使古代文化为当今的减灾工作服务。     

单柱离子色谱法测定酸雨中F^-、Cl^-、NO3^-、SO4^2-离子

介绍单柱离子色谱法测定酸雨中的氟、氯、硝酸根、硫酸根离子的方法。采用Shim-Pack IC-Al分离柱，用2．5mmol邻苯二甲酸和2．4mmol三(羟甲基)甲胺溶液作流动相(pH=4．0)，流速为1．5mL／min。各离子的流分用电导检测，进样量为20uL时．F^-、Cl^-、NO3^-、SO4^2-的最低检出限(2倍噪音比)分别为0.009，0．016。0．020，0．041ug／mL。     

减少碳足迹人人均可大有作为

不良嗜好是一件糟糕的事情.它吞噬我们的资源,控制我们的行动,它使我们罔顾事实,对行动后果熟视无睹.目前,对碳的危险嗜好正在控制着我们的世界.     

FACE试验对土壤有机质库组分及其激发效应的影响

以意大利的FACE(Free atmospheric CO2 enrichment)长期定位试验区和大气环境控制装置为研究对象,用化学分步酸提法将土壤有机质分离为活性库、慢库和惰性库,并培养测定土壤有机氮的矿化率,研究人工模拟大气CO2富集、施氮肥及植株类型对土壤有机质库及激发效应的影响.第一茬(POP FACE)试验产生了激发效应.但第二茬(Euro FACE)试验CO2处理区的总碳增加最显著高于对照处理区.即激发效应终止.主成分分析显示,有效氮的矿化水平已成为有机质降解的制约因素.据此推断,试验区巾活性碳和有效氮控制的激发效应阶段转变为氮利用受限所引起的碳积累阶段.CO2富集对N矿化率、慢库和惰性库均无显著性影响.研究结果表明,土壤的激发效应不仅受有机碳的活性库制约,氮的矿化率也是影响其发生的关键因子之一.     

Absorption characteristics of new solvent based on a blend of AMP and 1,8-diamino-p-menthane for CO2 absorption

Aqueous 1,8-diamino-p-menthane (KIER-C3) and commercially available amine solutions were tested for CO₂ absorption. A 2-amino- 2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) solution with an addition of KIER-C3 showed 9.3% and 31.6% higher absorption rate for CO₂ than the AMP solution with an addition of monoethanolamine (MEA) and ammonia (NH₃), respectively. The reaction rate constant for CO₂ absorption by the AMP/KIER-C3 solution was determined by the following equation: k_2,AMP/C3 = 7.702×10⁶ exp (-2248.03/T). A CO₂ loading ratio of the AMP/KIER-C3 solution was also 2 and 3.4-times higher than that of the AMP/NH3 solution and the AMP/MEA solution, respectively. Based on the experimental results, KIER-C3 may be used as an excellent additive to increase CO₂ absorption capability of AMP.     

Transverse approach between real world concentrations of SO2, NO2, BTEX, aldehyde emissions and corrosion in the Grand Mare tunnel

With regard to automotive traffic, a tunnel-type semi enclosed atmosphere is characterized by a higher concentration of gaseous pollutants than on urban traffic roads and highlights the gaseous effluent species having an impact on material degradation. Therefore, a transverse approach between air quality and its consequences upon the longevity of materials is necessary, implying better knowledge of tunnel atmosphere and a better understanding of material degradation inside a tunnel for operating administration. Gaseous pollutant measurements carried out in a road tunnel in Rouen (Normandy) give the real world traffic concentrations of experimental exposure conditions. The sampling campaigns, achieved in summer and winter include SO₂, NO₂, BTEX and aldehyde analyses. Effluent profiles in the upward and downward tubes have been established. The current work shows that SO₂, NO₂, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propanal and butanal must be considered in the degradation process of materials in a stuffy environment. As regards NO₂, its concentration depends on the modification of the automotive fleet. The total aldehyde concentrations indicate no particular trend between the two bores. Formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propanal, butanal and acrolein species are the most abundant species emitted by vehicles and represent 90% to 95% of the total aldehyde emissions.