Congenital heart disease and aneuploidy

Congenital heart disease (CHD) is one of the commonest prenatal diagnoses made on routine ultrasound screening. Overall, up to 33% of CHD are associated with fetal aneuploidy. However, some specific cardiac lesions have a significantly greater association with particular chromosomal abnormalities. The majority of fetuses with CHD and aneuploidy also have extra-cardiac anomalies and are best managed by a multidisciplinary team where the management and prognosis of the cardiac defect can be discussed in the context of the baby as a whole. It is therefore important for clinicians involved in the management of fetuses with CHD to be aware of the association of aneuploidy as well as the prognosis and management of these cases, so that they can appropriately counsel the parents. In this chapter, we review the frequency and types of aneuploidy associated with the commonly diagnosed CHD and discuss their management. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

昆明市“十三五”环境保护和生态建设思路探讨

“十三五”是国家全面建成小康社会的攻坚时期,在昆明市经济社会发展迈入新常态的同时,环境保护将面临诸多挑战和重大机遇。文章梳理了昆明市的环境保护形势,提出了昆明市“十三五”环境保护与生态建设的构想。在“十三五”期间,要积极努力将昆明市环境保护的改善和提供民生环境福祉作为核心目标,重点围绕大气、水、生态、环境风险以及公众参与等方面,设计战略任务,并建立夯实法律基础,突出经济引导相融合的环境管理新模式,开创环境保护与生态建设新局面。     

“十三五”时期我国环境保护国际合作的形势与挑战

对我国"十三五"时期环境保护国际合作形势进行了研判,分析了将面临的机遇和挑战,并提出了环境保护国际合作的对策和建议,以期为做好新时期的环境保护国际合作工作提供参考。     

新常态下广西“十三五”环境保护形势研究

基于广西在新常态下的社会经济发展现状和"十二五"环境质量现状,对广西未来5年环境保护形势进行分析,研究表明:"十三五"期间,广西工业化、城镇化发展将进入高峰期和机遇期,环境保护地位得到提升,但经济稳增长难度大,产业结构调整短期难以根本改变,工业化城镇化发展带来巨大压力,基本保持且持续改善环境质量的压力加大,环境风险防范任务依然艰巨,公众对环境的述求高涨。     

广东省“十三五”环境保护战略思考

"十二五"时期,在经济社会稳定发展的背景下,广东省环境保护取得了积极成效,但也存在结构性和格局性污染突出、污染呈现空间扩散态势等问题。在经济新常态背景下,为全面推进广东省"十三五"环境保护工作,在对当前环境问题分析及对未来环境形势研判的基础上,统筹谋划了广东省"十三五"环境保护目标指标及对策建议,以期对广东省率先基本实现现代化和全面建成小康社会起到推动作用。     

“十三五”重金属污染综合防治思路和对策研究

分析了"十三五"重金属防控面临的新形势新要求,分析了目前重金属防控面临的主要问题,从重点区域防控分类防控、区域环境质量改善、行业深化防控、重金属环境监测点位优化调整、强化激励与约束政策等方面,提出了"十三五"重金属防控主要思路和方向,为我国重金属污染防治环境管理决策提供支持和参考。     

北京上甸子区域大气本底站HCFC-22在线观测研究

2007年4月～2008年3月,利用GC-ECD在线观测系统,在北京上甸子区域大气本底站开展了HCFC-22在线观测,讨论了北京上甸子站HCFC-22浓度水平并初步分析其影响因素.该站大气HCFC-22浓度(摩尔分数,下同)为(278.1±113.6)×10-12.利用逐步逼近回归法进行本底值筛分,本底浓度为(199.5±5.1)×10-12,与北半球同纬度带Mace Head和TrinidadHead本底站观测结果基本一致;非本底浓度为(312.1±121.0)×10-12,出现频率69.8%,表明该站受到较强HCFC-22排放源及输送的影响.上甸子站HCFC-22本底浓度季节变化不明显,但非本底浓度呈现夏高冬低的特点,平均非本底浓度最高月(7月)比最低月(1月)高100.9×10-12,与HCFC-22排放的季节性有关.结合风向分析,该站西南扇区平均浓度(327.3×10-12)比东北扇区(236.2×10-12)高91.1×10-12.HCFC-22高浓度水平主要由W-WSW-SW方向贡献引起,NNE-N-NE方向则使得全年HCFC-22浓度水平明显降低.     

十字花科蔬菜BcMF13同源基因的克隆及进化分析

在十字花科芸薹属的8个物种中扩增到与十字花科蔬菜花粉发育相关的一个重要基因BcMF13(GenBank登陆号:EF158459)的同源序列,获得8个同源序列的DNA序列全长602～607 bp,均含有一个内含子区,编码73个氨基酸,在内含子区内存在1个插入/缺失、5处颠换、4处转换.对8个同源基因的氨基酸比对发现该基因在十字花科物种内有很强的保守性.基于Kimura双参数距离,构建了BcMF13同源基因在十字花科中进化的NJ系统树,反映出南方大白菜与北方大白菜存在不同的演化过程.     

Challenges of transformation: The case of Norilsk Nickel

As Russia’s largest mining company, Norilsk Nickel was for much of its history an archetypal Soviet institution. Following the collapse of the Soviet Union and the subsequent prolonged economic crisis, in 2001 new management came into the company with the objective of transforming the company into a modern global corporation. In the years that followed, management pushed through a series of radical changes to the organisation and its operations. Simultaneous with these changes, the company extended its asset base in Russia and acquired assets outside the country. The progressive direction of the company was, however, taking it further and further out on a limb and the programme of transformation was not being matched and supported by public policy and regulation. Pressures came to a head in the middle of 2008 when a change in the structure of company’s ownership and a collapse of metal prices combined to bring about increased involvement of the state in company’s affairs and a more national emphasis to its strategic orientation.