3S技术在林纸一体化项目生态环境影响评价中的应用

文章以梧州市某林浆纸一体化原料林建设项目为例,借助3S技术分析原料林基地建设对生态环境的影响,探讨3S技术在生态环境影响评价中的应用。     

LaFeO3和SrFeO3-λ对水溶性染料的光催化降解

采用柠檬酸法合成钙钛矿型复合氧化物LaFeO3和SrFeO3 λ,并以其为光催化剂对不同水溶性染料进行光催化降解实验。结果表明 :SrFeO3 λ的光催化活性明显高于LaFeO3,这与A位离子 (La3+ 、Sr2 + )的电子构型的不同有关。     

中高温条件下活性红KE-3B厌氧脱色特性和机理初探

以活性红KE-3B为例,考察了中高温条件下盐度、VFAs(挥发性脂肪酸)、污泥的吸附等对其厌氧脱色的影响,从产气量和生物气组分来探讨活性红KE-3B厌氧脱色的形式和程度,并对活性红KE-3B的厌氧脱色机理作初步探讨.结果显示,高温更有利于活性红KE-3B的脱色,脱色率可以达到98%以上,维持高脱色率的最高盐度为600 mmol·L-1,并且在脱色过程中,没有发现活性红KE-3B被矿化,其主要脱色形式为初级降解.     

A simple and cheap method for preparation of coupled ZrO2/ZnO with high photocatalytic activities

The objective of this study was to prepare a new photocatalyst with high activities for degradation of organic pollutants. Coupled ZrO₂/ZnO photocatalyst was prepared with a simple precipitation method with cheap raw materials zinc acetate and zirconium oxychloride, and was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Reactive brilliant red X-3B was used as a model compound to investigate the photocatalytic activity of synthesized catalysts in water under 254 nm UV irradiation. Results show that the optimal calcination temperature and coupling molar ratio of Zr were 350°C And 2.5%, respectively. At the calcination temperature of 350°C, ZrO₂ was dispersed on the surface of hexagonal ZnO in the form of amorphous clusters. The particle size of ZrO₂/ZnO decreased with the decrease of calcination temperature and the increase of Zr coupling amount. ZrO₂/ZnO has better photocatalytic activity for degradation of reactive brilliant red (RBR) X-3B than pure ZnO and P25-TiO₂.     

离子强度、pH值和Ca2+/Al3+对马尾松幼苗的铝毒影响

测定了在不同溶液酸度、不同离子强度和Ca²⁺/Al³⁺比下,铝对马尾松幼苗生长状况的影响。结果表明,溶液酸度增加,离子强度减小时,铝的毒害作用增大。钙对铝毒有明显缓解作用,当Ca²⁺/Al³⁺增大时,铝的毒性减小,但其缓解作用与铝浓度有关,当铝浓度增加,钙的缓解能力下降。     

Photoassisted Fenton degradation of phthalocyanine dyes from wastewater of printing industry using Fe(Ⅱ)/γ-Al2O3 catalyst in up-flow fluidized-bed

Fe(II)/γ-Al2O3 powders synthesized using the dipping method were produced from a mixed aqueous solution containing aluminium oxide(γ-Al2O3) and iron(II)-precursor(FeSO4), and used for photoFenton degradation of phthalocyanine dyes(PCS) under ultraviolet(UV) irradiation in an up-flow fluidized bed. The catalysts were characterized by XRD, ESCA, BET, EDS and SEM. The results showed that Fe2+ion was compounded on the γ-Al2O3 carrier. The effects of different reaction parameters such as catalyst activity, dosage and solution pH on the decolorization of PCS were assessed. Results indicated that maximum decolorization(more than 95%) of PCS occurred with20 wt% Fe(II)/γ-Al2O3 catalyst(dosage of 60 g/L) using a combination of UV irradiation and heterogeneous Fenton system. The degradation efficiency of PCSincreases as pH decreases, exhibiting a maximum efficiency at pH 3.5. The recycled catalyst was capable of repeating three runs without a significant decrease in treatment efficiency, and this demonstrated the stability and reusability of catalyst.     

唐山市大气环境中臭氧与氮氧化物特征分析

利用2008年8月-9月供销社监测点的O3和氮氧化物的24小时连续监测数据,分析了唐山市大气中O3和NOx的浓度时间变化特征,讨论了两者之间的相关性。     

芜湖市臭氧污染特征与影响因素分析

为了解芜湖市O₃污染变化特征及与主要影响因子相关性,本文对芜湖市环境监测站点和基本气象站点的监测数据进行统计分析。结果表明,芜湖市O₃污染程度呈现西南向东北逐步加重的趋势,科创中心、济民医院和四水厂站点月度变化呈现双峰分布的特征,峰值出现在4月和6月,而监测站则是显著单峰型,峰值出现在6月。各站点O₃日变化均呈现显著的“单峰单谷”型,在15:00前后达到峰值。在NO₂/NO比值区间为10—20时,夜间更易出现高浓度O₃,而昼间O₃浓度高值更易出现在比值低于10时。PM_2.5和O₃间的相关性更趋向于非线性关系。温度和相对湿度对O₃的影响分别呈现正相关和负相关,O₃峰值易出现在温度为25—35 ℃、相对湿度为60%—80%的气象条件下。在东-东南风向下,O₃的超标天最多。