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471.
产酸克雷伯氏菌Klebsiella oxytoca对硝基苯及4-氯硝基苯的降解 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
硝基苯类化合物生物降解菌的筛选及性能研究,是制药、染料等行业废水达标的重要基础。以浓度梯度升高法筛选到一株硝基苯厌氧降解菌Klebsiella oxytoca NBA-1。考察了该菌对氧气的需求,以及在厌氧条件下,温度、pH值、外加葡萄糖及硝基苯初始浓度等环境因子对菌株降解硝基苯能力的影响,并进一步讨论菌株对氯取代硝基苯类化合物的降解情况。结果表明,该菌在厌氧条件下生长比好氧条件下慢,但降解速度更快;厌氧降解硝基苯的最佳pH值和温度和分别为8.3和30~35℃;加入0.3%~0.5%的葡萄糖可促进降解,且对300 mg/L以下的硝基苯均有降解能力;该菌能将4-氯硝基苯转化为4-氯苯胺,并进一步脱氯为苯胺。研究结果可为硝基苯及含氯硝基苯的处理工艺选择提供相关的参考依据。 相似文献
472.
4A沸石对复合污染水体中Pb2+、Cu2+和Cd2+的去除 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
采用静态吸附法以4A沸石为吸附剂研究其对复合污染水体中Pb2+、Cu2+和Cd2+的竞争吸附特性,并探讨了影响吸附的环境因素。实验表明,在室温条件下,溶液pH5~6,4A沸石15 mg对10 mL复合污染溶液(Pb2+、Cu2+和Cd2+浓度分别为100 mg/L)吸附20 min时,对溶液中3种重金属的吸附去除率均可达99.8%以上。反应过程中4A沸石对3种重金属的吸附速率大小为Pb2+>Cu2+>Cd2+。复合污染水体中4A沸石对Pb2+、Cu2+和Cd2+的吸附符合Langmuir和Fre-undlich等温吸附方程,相关系数分别为0.9981、0.9901、0.9916和0.9638、0.9194、0.9689。经计算,4A沸石对Pb2+、Cu2+和Cd2+的饱和吸附量分别为129.9 mg/g、107.5 mg/g和99.0 mg/g。4A沸石吸附重金属离子达到吸附平衡的时间较短,对溶液pH值的适应性较好。吸附后的4A沸石可以再生利用,对铅离子洗脱重复利用性较铜离子和镉离子强。 相似文献
473.
Cartaxo MA Ablad K Douch J Berghoute Y Hamdani M Mendonça MH Nogueira JM Pereira MI 《Chemosphere》2012,86(4):341-347
Fe-Co3O4 thin film with different amounts of Fe have been used for the electro-oxidation of phenol in alkaline medium at room temperature. The electrodes were prepared by coating stainless steel supports with successive layers of the oxides, obtained by thermal decomposition at 673 K. The electrolysis was carried out at constant potential and the phenol disappearance, during the electrolysis, was monitored by UV-Vis absorbance measurements between 250 and 500 nm. After 3 h of electrolysis, the intermediates were identified by comparing the HPLC data and UV-Vis spectra to those from pure standards. The results indicate that the same oxidation products are formed on the different prepared electrodes, namely the decomposition products of phenol such as benzoquinone, hydroquinone and cathecol in basic medium. Simulated results show clearly the decrease of the amount of phenolic species with the electrolysis time. An enhancement of the phenol removal is observed with the presence of iron in the oxide. Under the operating conditions, around 30% of the initial phenol has been removed at ca. 3 h and the complete degradation is obtained after 54 h of electrolysis, when Fe-Co3O4 thin film with 10% of Fe is used as anode. 相似文献
474.
In this work, Bi4NbxTa(1−x)O8I photocatalysts have been synthesized by solid state reaction method and characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope and UV-Vis near infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The photocatalytic activity of these photocatalysts was evaluated by the degradation of methyl orange (MO) in aqueous solutions under visible light, UV light and solar irradiation. The effects of catalyst dosage, initial pH and MO concentration on the removal efficiency were studied, and the photocatalytic reaction kinetics of MO degradation as well. The results indicated that Bi4NbxTa(1−x)O8I exhibited high photocatalytic activity for the removal of MO in aqueous solutions. For example, the removal efficiency of MO by Bi4Nb0.1Ta0.9O8I was as high as 92% within 12 h visible light irradiation under the optimal conditions: initial MO concentration of 5-10 mg L−1, catalyst dosage of 6 g L−1 and natural pH (6-8), the MO molecules could be completely degradated by Bi4Nb0.1Ta0.9O8I within 40 min under UV light irradiation, and the photodegradation efficiency reaches to 60% after 7 h solar irradiation. Furthermore, the photocatalytic degradation of Bisphenol A (BPA) was also investigated under visible light irradiation. It is found that 99% BPA could be mineralized by Bi4Nb0.1Ta0.9O8I after 16 h visible light irradiation. Through HPLC/MS, BOD, TOC, UV-Vis measurements, we determined possible degradation products of MO and BPA. The results indicated that MO was degradated into products which are easier to be biodegradable and innocuous treated, and BPA could be mineralized completely. Furthermore, the possibility for the photosensitization effect in the degradation process of MO under visible light irradiation has been excluded. 相似文献
475.
采用水热法制备出LiFePO4催化剂,通过电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)和傅立叶红外光谱(FTIR)对其进行表征,并将其作为非均相Fenton催化剂处理亚甲基蓝(MB)染料溶液。实验结果表明,在催化剂用量为4 g/L,H2O2浓度为0.04 mol/L,pH值为3,温度为50℃,反应时间为60 min的条件下,浓度为500 mg/L的亚甲基蓝脱色率达99%。根据实验结果,讨论了LiFePO4作为非均相Fenton催化剂对亚甲基蓝的降解机理。 相似文献
476.
UASB反应器中厌氧氨氧化菌的影响因素研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
在UASB反应器中接种实验室已经驯化好的厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥,对其进行厌氧氨氧化菌活性提高和影响因素的实验研究。研究表明厌氧氨氧化菌对NH4+-N和N02--N的适宜浓度负荷均为200mg/L,适宜水力停留时间HRT、温度、pH和进水基质比(N02--N/NH4+-N)分别为2h、30~35℃、7.5~8.5和0.95~1.2,NH4+-N、NO2--N和TN的平均去除率分别为97.1%、98.3%和92.7%。 相似文献
477.
478.
479.
Fabio Gosetti Michela Bottaro Valentina Gianotti Eleonora Mazzucco Paolo Frascarolo Davide Zampieri Caterina Oliveri Aldo Viarengo Maria Carla Gennaro 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2010,158(2):592-146
This paper studies the degradation reactions that 4-chloroaniline can naturally undergo in waters for the action of sun light. 10.00 mg L−1 4-chloroaniline aqueous solution, without any addition of organic solvent, are undergone to photoirradiation under conditions that simulate sun light. The degradation pathway, followed by HPLC-DAD-MS/MS methods, is complex since the pollutant gives rise to many photoproducts: the predominant species are characterized by m/z values of 217 (P5) and 218 (P6) and are compatible with dimeric structures of 4-chloroaniline. Vibrio fischeri tests indicate that the photoproducts of 4-chloroaniline are characterized by a toxicity level significantly greater than the precursor. 相似文献
480.
研究了MgNH4PO4.6H2O(简称MAP)沉淀在NaOH存在条件下的热解行为,并考察其热解产物的氨氮吸附性能。结果表明,MAP在NaOH存在条件下热解时可将水和氨释放出来,其X射线衍射(XRD)谱图中主要出现无定形的MgNaPO4,但在吸附氨氮后,则主要出现MAP的特征衍射峰;在MAP与NaOH摩尔比为1.0∶1.0、热解温度为100℃、热解时间为2h的条件下热解MAP较适宜,其热解产物可循环用作氨氮的处理药剂,氨氮吸附反应体系初始pH在8左右较为适宜,在此条件下反应20min对氨氮的去除率就达98%以上。 相似文献