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排序方式: 共有1294条查询结果,搜索用时 203 毫秒
931.
932.
933.
934.
Ryan C. Lewis John D. Meeker Karen E. Peterson Joyce M. Lee Gerry G. Pace Alejandra Cantoral Martha Maria Téllez-Rojo 《Chemosphere》2013
Exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals such as bisphenol A (BPA) and phthalates is prevalent among children and adolescents, but little is known regarding important sources of exposure at these sensitive life stages. In this study, we measured urinary concentrations of BPA and nine phthalate metabolites in 108 Mexican children aged 8–13 years. Associations of age, time of day, and questionnaire items on external environment, water use, and food container use with specific gravity-corrected urinary concentrations were assessed, as were questionnaire items concerning the use of 17 personal care products in the past 48-h. As a secondary aim, third trimester urinary concentrations were measured in 99 mothers of these children, and the relationship between specific gravity-corrected urinary concentrations at these two time points was explored. After adjusting for potential confounding by other personal care product use in the past 48-h, there were statistically significant (p < 0.05) positive associations in boys for cologne/perfume use and monoethyl phthalate (MEP), mono(3-carboxypropyl) phthalate (MCPP), mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP), and mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP), and in girls for colored cosmetics use and mono-n-butyl phthalate (MBP), mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP), MEHHP, MEOHP, and mono(2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) phthalate (MECPP), conditioner use and MEP, deodorant use and MEP, and other hair products use and MBP. There was a statistically significant positive trend for the number of personal care products used in the past 48-h and log-MEP in girls. However, there were no statistically significant associations between the analytes and the other questionnaire items and there were no strong correlations between the analytes measured during the third trimester and at 8–13 years of age. We demonstrated that personal care product use is associated with exposure to multiple phthalates in children. Due to rapid development, children may be susceptible to impacts from exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals; thus, reduced or delayed use of certain personal care products among children may be warranted. 相似文献
935.
In this study, different concentrations of five food dyes (amaranth, patent blue, carminic acid, indigotine and erythrosine) have been evaluated for genotoxicity in the Somatic Mutation and Recombination Test (SMART) of Drosophila melanogaster. Standard cross was used in the experiment. Larvae including two linked recessive wing hair mutations were chronically fed at different concentrations of the test compounds in standard Drosophila Instant Medium. Feeding ended with pupation of the surviving larvae. Wings of the emerging adult flies were scored for the presence of spots of mutant cells which can result from either somatic mutation or somatic recombination. For the evaluation of genotoxic effects, the frequencies of spots per wing in the treated series were compared to the control group, which was distilled water. The present study shows that carminic acid and indigotine demonstrated negative results while erythrosine demonstrated inconclusive results. In addition 25 mg mL−1 concentration of patent blue and 12.5, 25 and 50 mg mL−1 concentrations of amaranth demonstrated positive results in the SMART. 相似文献
936.
基于BP人工神经网络和模糊理论的太湖蓝藻水华发生风险评价 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目前,湖泊蓝藻水华是我国乃至世界的重大环境问题之一。蓝藻水华的暴发机制复杂,具有明显的不确定性。以太湖为例,根据近5 a水环境和水华发生的实测数据,结合BP(Back Propagation)人工神经网络和模糊理论,建立了蓝藻水华发生风险的模糊风险评价方法。对太湖9个水环境功能区的评价结果表明:西部沿岸区、梅梁湖蓝藻水华发生风险最大,为重度蓝藻水华风险区;竺山湖、五里湖次之,为中度蓝藻水华风险区;南部沿岸区、贡湖、湖心区为轻度蓝藻水华风险区,东太湖和东部沿岸区水华发生风险最小,为轻微蓝藻水华风险区。建立的评价方法和评价结果,可为蓝藻水华的预测、预警以及风险管理提供参考和依据。 相似文献
937.
Fu LL Shuai JB Wang Y Ma HJ Li JR 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2011,159(10):2808-2814
This study was conducted to analyze the genetic variability of Escherichia coli from domesticated animal wastes for microbial source tracking (MST) application in fecal contaminated shellfish growing waters of Xiangshan Bay, East China Sea. (GTG)5 primer was used to generate 1363 fingerprints from E. coli isolated from feces of known 9 domesticated animal sources around this shellfish culture area. Jackknife analysis of the complete (GTG)5-PCR DNA fingerprint library indicated that isolates were assigned to the correct source groups with an 84.28% average rate of correct classification. Based on one-year source tracking data, the dominant sources of E. coli were swine, chickens, ducks and cows in this water area. Moreover, annual and spatial changes of E. coli concentrations and host sources may affect the level and distribution of zoonotic pathogen species in waters. Our findings will further contribute to preventing fecal pollution in aquatic environments and quality control of shellfish. 相似文献
938.
用聚硅硫酸钛絮凝处理长江水,所产生的絮凝污泥经干燥、煅烧处理后制备了具有较高催化活性的复合光催化剂,并用XRD对其进行了表征。考察了絮凝pH值、煅烧温度、絮凝剂投加量和光催化剂投加量等因素对复合光催化剂光催化降解活性艳红K-2BP溶液的影响。结果表明,当絮凝pH值为4,煅烧温度为500℃,絮凝剂投加量为0.2g/L时,制备的复合光催化剂催化活性最佳,光催化降解浓度为25mg/L的活性艳红K-2BP溶液15min后降解率达99.9%,与同等实验条件下P-25的降解效率相当。 相似文献
939.
940.
以水热晶化法合成了铜磷铝分子筛CuAPO-5,并用XRD、SEM,FT-IR,UV-Vis等对样品进行了表征,结果表明Cu2+进入到了AlPO4-5分子筛骨架中。研究了以CuAPO-5为催化剂, H2O2为氧化剂对水溶液中苯酚的催化氧化性能。在苯酚初始浓度200 mg/L 、H2O2添加量1 200 mg/L、pH值5.0、处理温度80 ℃时,处理240 min时苯酚去除率达到100%,TOC去除率达81.76%,析出到溶液中Cu2+浓度仅为0.527 mg/L。温度从40 ℃上升到80 ℃时,苯酚的去除率及TOC去除率明显增大,表明温度对催化剂的活性影响显著,相比于均相催化剂骨架Cu催化过氧化氢分解需要更多的能量。重复性实验表明,催化剂性能稳定。 相似文献