TiO2/Ag modified penta-bismuth hepta-oxide nitrate and its adsorption performance for azo dye removal

A modified hydrophilic penta-bismuth hepta-oxide nitrate (Bi₅O₇NO₃) surface was synthesized via a precipitation method using TiO₂ and Ag as modified agents. The synthesized product was characterized by different analytical techniques. The removal efficiency was evaluated using mono-and di-sulphonated azo dyes as model pollutants. Different kinetic, isotherm and diffusion models were chosen to describe the adsorption process. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results revealed no noticeable differences in the chemical states of modified adsorbent when compared to pure Bi₅O₇NO₃;however, the presence of hydrophilic centres such as TiO₂ and Ag developed positively charged surface groups and improved its adsorption performance to a wide range of azo dyes. Dyes removal was found to be a function of adsorbent dosage, initial dye concentration, solution pH and temperature. The reduction of Langmuir 1,2-mixed order kinetics to the second or first-order kinetics could be successfully used to describe the adsorption of dyes onto the modified adsorbent. Mass transfer can be described by intra-particle diffusion at a certain stage, but it was not the rate limiting step that controlled the adsorption process. Homogenous behavior of adsorbent surface can be explored by applying Langmuir isotherm to fit the adsorption data.     

两级滴滤去除硫化氢和甲硫醇混合恶臭气体

把氧化硫硫杆菌(T. thiooxidans)、排硫硫杆菌(T. thioparus)组成的自养菌群和黄单胞菌(Xanthomonas)为主的异养菌群分别接种在两个生物滴滤反应器中,将其依次串联净化处理硫化氢(H₂S)、甲硫醇(MT)混合臭气.一级反应器(A^#)的复合自养菌在酸性环境下对负荷为7～8g/(m³h)的H₂S平均去除率可达94%,且不受混合气体中MT含量的影响.二级反应器(B^#)适于中性环境,对负荷为4～5g/(m^{3h)的MT平均去除率为83%.若H₂S在混合气体中浓度过高,经A#处理后的浓度仍高于50mg/m3,可导致后反应器酸化,使MT脱臭效率显著下降.}     

科技进步促进环境保护

在我国，科技成果转化率低下严重制约着污染防治水平的提高，落后的生产方式造成资源浪费，环境污染、依据科技力量，选择先进的环保技术，建立环保产业及环保市场，改革现有的环境管理制度，从经验管理向科技管理转化，是实现可持续发展战略的必由之路。     

"凸背T铁"成形工艺的改进

介绍了"改进凸背T铁成形工艺"的设计原理、工艺设计计算,并通过对比分析及工作实例说明了改进后的工艺特点.该工艺提高了模具的使用寿命.     

Prenatal testing for inherited immune deficiencies by fetal blood sampling

We attempted to develop a prenatal diagnosis in fetuses at risk for immunodeficiency by fetal blood sampling performed under fetoscopy at 18–22 weeks of gestation. In order to obtain normal values, we first investigated thirty-five control fetuses whose blood punctures were undertaken for the diagnosis of haemoglobinopathies. Surface markers and in vitro mitogen-induced proliferation of the fetal lymphocytes were studied using micromethods. We then examined two fetuses at risk for two different types of severe combined immunodeficiency and established their immunological integrity, hence avoiding an unjustified termination of pregnancy. This immunological integrity was confirmed after birth.     

The significance of trisomy 7 mosaicism in chorionic villus cultures

Two cases of mosaic trisomy 7 confined to the cultured cells and not found in direct preparation were detected from 200 consecutive first-trimester chorionic villus samples (CVS) analysed. The mosaicism was similar in the two cases, but the pregnancy outcome was different. In both cases, the direct metaphases from the CVS were 46, XY. Culture metaphases were mos46,XY/47,XY, + 7; the trisomy 7 was seen in 34 per cent of cells from case 1 and 53 per cent from case 2. A sonogram at 15¹/₂ weeks revealed fetal death in utero in case 1, and the patient declined amniocentesis. The fetal tissue failed to grow in culture, but the placental cultured cells were 47,XY, + 7 in 28 (100 per cent) cells analysed. In the second case, all the amniotic fluid cells were 46,XY and the pregnancy resulted in a normal male with a 46,XY karyotype in the cord blood and foreskin fibroblast cultures. The term placenta was mosaic with 13/163 (8 per cent) trisomy 7 cells. Extensive cytogenetic studies on the placenta for the first time confirmed trisomy 7 mosaicism confined to the villus cultures.     

SO2-4/TiO2对SO2-C7H16-TiO2复相光化学反应的影响

研究了TiO2与SO2,C7H16复相光化学反应的光催化活性.在SO2-C7H16-O2-TiO2光催化反应过程中,TiO2表面可形成SO2-4/TiO2结构,它的存在可提高庚烷的光催化氧化速率,利用IR和XPS研究了反应过程中TiO2表面形成的SO2-4/TiO2结构.     

Combination of adsorption and biodegradation processes for textile effluent treatment using a granular activated carbon-biofilm configured packed column system

The objective of this study was to investigate the feasibility of using a granular activated carbon-biofilm configured packed column system in the deeolodzation of azo dye Acid Orange 7-containing wastewater.The Acid Orange 7-degrading microbial from anaerobic sequencing batch reactor which treating the azo dye-containing wastewater for more than 200 d was immobilized on spent granular activated carbon(GAC)through attachment.The GAC-biofilm configured packed column system showed the ability to decolorize...     

东方香蒲对铜绿微囊藻多糖及亚显微结构的影响

采用东方香蒲(Typha orientalis Presl)和铜绿微囊藻(Microcystis aeruginosa)共培养的试验方法研究了东方香蒲对铜绿微囊藻多糖及亚显微结构的影响。结果表明:在质量浓度为20 g/L和40 g/L的东方香蒲化感胁迫下,铜绿微囊藻总糖(TSP)、胞内多糖(IPS)及固着性胞外多糖(bEPS)含量呈现先增加后逐渐降低的趋势,溶解性胞外多糖(sEPS)含量在培养过程中呈现逐渐增加的趋势,表明东方香蒲化感胁迫在前期促进了铜绿微囊藻的多糖合成和分泌,但在培养后期抑制多糖合成,并进一步促进多糖分泌和溶解;在培养后期,藻细胞叶绿素荧光参数包括YⅡ(光系统Ⅱ有效量子产量)、ETR_(max)(线性最大电子传递速率)显著降低,表明东方香蒲对铜绿微囊藻的光合系统产生了明显的化感抑制,光合活性及光合效率明显下降;藻细胞亚显微结构显示,在培养后期,藻细胞类囊体片层分解断裂,表明经过持续地化感胁迫,东方香蒲诱导铜绿微囊藻产生氧化胁迫,藻的光合系统受到严重破坏。东方香蒲使用量越高,藻细胞结构损伤越严重。     

吸附-絮凝法处理亚甲基蓝染料废水的研究

采用吸附-絮凝法对亚甲基蓝模拟废水进行处理,优化了累托石吸附处理亚甲基蓝的条件,探讨了4种絮凝剂的絮凝效果。吸附-絮凝试验结果表明,质量浓度为100 mg/L的亚甲基蓝模拟废水,累托石用量0.1 g,振荡速度200 r/min,pH=12,吸附时间60 min,0.1%阴离子型絮凝剂NX-A7用量3 m L为最佳处理条件,此时亚甲基蓝去除率可达到97.1%,比单一吸附去除效率高17.3%。加入絮凝剂后不仅易于固液分离,亚甲基蓝去除率也大大提高。处理高浓度废水时,吸附-絮凝法比单吸附法更具优势。