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401.
Most water management studies concentrate on the inter-temporal allocation problem or, more recently, spatial dynamics - but not both. While early spatial-temporal studies focused on the allocation of water quantity, this paper presents an approach to water quality analysis that incorporates both spatial and temporal dynamics in a watershed framework. The acid mine drainage (AMD) problem in the Cheat River watershed of West Virginia, USA, serves as a case study and provides an opportunity to test the modeling approach developed. The empirical models are written in General Algebraic Modeling System (GAMS) and solved using the CPLEX mixed integer programming package. The results suggest that available investments should be concentrated in heavily impaired stream segments. The model can be used to assess the economic implications of alternative watershed Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) implementation or other management strategies. 相似文献
402.
Liyuan Chai Hui Liu Fenghua Shen Qingzhu Li Minneng Wen Hongliang Zhang Linhua Jiang Chenghang Zheng Yan Liu Tao Liu 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2023,123(1):65-82
Air pollutant emissions represent a critical challenge in the green development of the non-ferrous metallurgy industry.This work studied the emission characteristics,formation mechanisms,phase transformation and separation of typical air pollutants,such as heavy metal particles,mercury,sulfur oxides and fluoride,during non-ferrous smelting.A series of purification technologies,including optimization of the furnace throat and hightemperature discharge,were developed to collaboratively control and... 相似文献
403.
《环境科学学报(英文版)》2023,35(2):617-629
In this work, a novel dual Z-scheme Bi2WO6/g-C3N4/black phosphorus quantum dots (Bi2WO6/g-C3N4/BPQDs) composites were fabricated and utilized towards photocatalytic degradation of bisphenol A (BPA) under visible-light irradiation. Optimizing the content of g-C3N4 and BPQDs in Bi2WO6/g-C3N4/BPQDs composites to a suitable mass ratio can enhance the visible-light harvesting capacity and increase the charge separation efficiency and the transfer rate of excited-state electrons and holes, resulting in much higher photocatalytic activity for BPA degradation (95.6%, at 20 mg/L in 120 min) than that of Bi2WO6 (63.7%), g-C3N4 (25.0%), BPQDs (8.5%), and Bi2WO6/g-C3N4 (79.6%), respectively. Radical trapping experiments indicated that photogenerated holes (h+) and superoxide radicals (•O2−) played crucial roles in photocatalytic BPA degradation. Further, the possible degradation pathway and photocatalytic mechanism was proposed by analyzing the BPA intermediates. This work also demonstrated that the Bi2WO6/g-C3N4/BPQDs as effective photocatalysts was stable and have promising potential to remove environmental contaminants from real water samples. 相似文献
404.
405.
在克山县设置5个监测点位,监测克山县2011年6月-2012年5月的降水状况。结果表明,克山县区降水pH值基本呈中性,酸雨出现频率为6.9%,酸雨主要出现在雨量大的降水中。 相似文献
406.
MUKESH KUMAR RAIKWAR SUBIR KUMAR NAG 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(6):973-988
Photodegradation of alphacypermethrin ((RS)-α cyano-3-phenoxy benzyl (1RS) cis-3-(2,2,dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethyl cyclopropane carboxylate) was studied as a thin film on glass surface and on black and red soil surfaces. A number of photoproducts from glass surfaces have been isolated, characterized and identified by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). However, only two of them viz. 3-phenoxy benzyl alcohol and [2,2-dichlorovinyl-3(2,2,dimethyl) cyclopropane carboxylate] could be identified from both the soil. Rate of photodegradation on glass and soil surface under UV and sunlight followed first order kinetics with significant correlation coefficients. The rate of photodegradation was greater on black than on red soil. 相似文献
407.
In this work we modified a theoretical model of acid deposition in the soil–vegetation interaction to be experimentally applicable. We simplified the expression of the mathematical model of dynamical complex systems by setting parameters into more simple groups, giving an easy-of-validate expression. By the theoretical model it was proposed the nonlinear response of vegetation to acid deposition, which can explain the occurrence of serious and unexpected damages to plantations and forests focused on the catastrophic nature of the effects of aluminum mobility on the vegetation. 相似文献
408.
This work investigates the effect of cerium substation into strontium cobalt perovskites(CeSrCoO) for the oxidative degradation of Orange Ⅱ(OII) in dark ambient conditions without the aid of any external stimulants such as light,heating or chemical additives.The OII degradation rate by CeSrCoO reached 65% in the first hour,whilst for the blank sample without cerium(SrCoO) took over 2 hr to reach the same level of OII degradation.Hence,the cerium substitution improved the catalytic activity of the perovskite material,mainly associated with the Ce_(0.1)Sr_(0.9)CoO_3 perovskite phase.Upon contacting CeSrCoO,the-N=Nazo bonds of the OII molecules broke down resulting in electron donation and the formation of by-products.The electrons are injected into the CeSrCoO and resulted in a redox pair of Co~(3+)/Co~(2+),establishing a bridge for the electron transfer between OII and the catalysts.Concomitantly,the electrons also formed reactive species(·OH) responsible for OII degradation as evidenced by radical trapping experiment.Reactive species were formed via the reaction between 02 and donated electrons from OII with the aid of cobalt redox pair.As the prepared materials dispensed with the need for light irradiation and additional oxidants,it opens a window of environmental applications for treating contaminated wastewaters. 相似文献
409.
M. Yu. Semenov T. V. Khodzher V. A. Obolkin V. M. Domysheva L. P. Golobokova N. A. Kobeleva O. G. Netsvetaeva V. L. Potemkin R. Van Grieken N. Fukuzaki 《Chemistry and Ecology》2006,22(1):1-11
Data from 3-year-long observations on the chemical composition of precipitation, atmospheric gases, aerosols, soils, and surface waters at three monitoring stations in the Baikal region are presented. The stability of terrestrial ecosystems and surface waters to acidification has been estimated quantitatively. It has been shown that, unlike soils, surface waters of the Baikal watershed are more sensitive to acid deposition. The permissible acidity load for soils and surface waters of the territory varied from 0.30 to 20.00 keq ha-1 yr-1, whereas the maximal contemporary acidity load attains 0.50 keq ha-1 yr-1. 相似文献
410.
S. U. Khan 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(6):1071-1090
Abstract The data presented in this paper emphasize that the behavior and fate of pesticides in the environment is influenced by humic substances. Various methods most frequently used for the characterization of humic substances are discussed. Both humic acid and fulvic acid can solubilize in water certain organic compounds and are important carriers of some pesticides in soil. Humic substances have the potential for promoting the nonbiological degradation of many pesticides. Several methods of bleaching humus color from drinking water, including chlorination, ozonation, and UV‐radiation, are described. Finally, the photochemical stability to UV‐radiation of certain pesticides in aqueous fulvic acid solution is discussed. 相似文献