关于泸州市发展环保产业的思考

本文对泸州市环保产业发展现状及存在的问题进行了分析,认为泸州市发展环保产业具有丰富的资源和得天独厚的条件,要发展泸州市的环保产业要在微观上找准路子,宏观上给予支持和扶持。     

四川省酸雨污染现状及趋势分析

本文从酸雨成因入手,根据全省降水监测数据等资料,对四川省酸雨污染现状及变化趋势进行分析,结果表明：我省酸雨法污染面积广、频率高;酸度强,近五年,酸雨频率有下降趋势,但降水酸度无明显减弱,酸雨污染形势依然严峻;降水组份中,硫酸根离子和硝酸根离子比值逐年下降,说明大气污染特征已由煤烟型转为煤烟型与机动车尾气混合型。     

H-酸的催化湿式氧化反应过程研究

湿式氧化（ＷＡＯ）和催化湿式氧化（ＣＷＡＯ）都能有效地处理染料中间体－－Ｈ－酸。所有的Ｈ－酸在５ｍｉｎ内均被支除和形成一些中间产物。在不同反应时间段测定了ｐＨ值及阴、阳离子和小分子有机酸等中间产物。分析表明,ｐＨ值与ＣＯＤ的去除及有机酸的产生有密切的联系,Ｈ－酸被氧化成ＮＨ４＾＋、ＳＯ４＾２－、ＨＣＯＯＨ和ＣＨ２ＣＯＯＨ。ＷＡＯ法的瓜速率慢而且氧化乙酸困难。而ＣＷＡＯ法的反应速率不但快而且能有效地     

新形势下河北省农村可再生能源管理与政策研究

我国农村可再生能源发展面临生态文明建设、能源安全趋紧、大气污染严重等新的形势变化。作为农业大省,河北省近年来农村可再生能源发展与管理成绩显著,为改善农民生活、保护生态环境、增加能源供应、促进经济社会发展等做出了积极贡献。但新形势下,其农村可再生能源管理也暴露出了思想认识不足、部分法规政策滞后、缺乏宏观科学规划、资金筹措机制单一、后续监督管理不够等问题,需要从加强宣传教育、提高认识水平,完善规章制度、形成法律体系,制定科学规划、明确目标计划,拓宽融资渠道、稳定资金支持、完善服务体系、加强后续管理等方面完善管理与政策,以推进其健康持续发展。     

不同环境条件下偶氮染料酸性大红GR的生物降解性能

为了考察不同环境条件下偶氮染料酸性大红GR生物降解性能,采用已驯化的混合菌群作为接种液进行偶氮染料酸性大红GR脱色试验。结果表明,微氧条件下(静置敞口培养),偶氮染料酸性大红GR脱色效果最佳,染料脱色主要发生在菌体的对数生长期。混合菌群对pH、温度适应范围较广,pH为3.32~9.18,温度在20℃~37℃范围内均可以获得较好脱色效果,脱色率均在80%以上。微氧条件下酸性大红GR降解历程表明,偶氮基整个共轭系统被破坏,生成了一种新的结构,使原有的某些精细结构在二阶导数光谱中得以表现,由此探讨其生物降解机理。     

Variation in photosynthetic photon flux density within a tropical seasonal rain forest of Xishuangbanna, south-western China

Introduction Photosyntheticphotonfluxdensity(PPFD)withinforestcanopiesisintrinsicallyheterogeneousinspaceandtime.Becausesomespeciesaregenotypicallysuitedforspecificlightregimes,understandingtheheterogeneityofthelightregimewithinaforestcanopyisimportantfor…     

Effects of simulated acid rain on fertility of litchi

The regulatory role of calcium in fertility of pollen and pistil under simulated acid rain was investigated. The germination percentage of pollen treated with acid rain of pH 4.5 was 9.42% lower than that of control, and that of pH 3.5, pH 2.5 and pH 1.5 were 22.47%, 45.49% and 71.62%, respectively. Simultaneously, the injury character of pollen was obviously observed when flowers were treated with acid rain of pH 3.5. The difference in fruit setting rate between the female flower treated with acid rain of pH 4.0 and the control was significant at p 〈 0.05. Ca（NO3 ）5 of 0.2-0.4 mmol/L could promote pollen germination under the stress of acid rain. The beneficial function was reduced when calcium concentration surpassed 0.8 mmol/L. Spraying 2 mmol/L Ca（NO3 ）5 reduced the injury of acid rain to pistil and increased fruit-setting rate significantly. The physiological importance of calcium during pollen germination and pistil development was also discussed.     

火电建设面临的环保形势与任务分析

从国家投资体制改革、主要产业政策、火电项目厂址选择要求、污染治理法规及标准要求等方面简述了火电建设面临的环保形势.依据国民经济的发展要求,预测了电力的建设需要和目前的在建规模,指出由于违规电站的开工,导致目前电力在建规模偏大的问题,国家需以科学发展观为指导,加强宏观调控力度.以火电SO2污染控制为例,分析了火电建设面临的环保任务以及排污权交易可能产生的经济效应.      

贵州省遵义地区降水中低分子有机酸及其来源

甲酸和乙酸是大气对流层中广泛存在的低分子有机酸.降水中有机酸的研究是认识C、H、O等元素生物地球化学循环和酸雨成因的重要内容.贵州省遵义地区是我国酸雨高发地区,在遵义市进行了为期1 a的降水采集,并利用离子色谱法和原子吸收法分别对降水中主要阴离子(包括有机和无机)和阳离子进行了测定.结果显示.pH的年均值为4.11,表明遵义市酸雨形势依然严峻;甲酸和乙酸的的雨量加权平均值分别为9.29 ìmol稬-1(范围:0.15～46.14 ìmol稬-1)和6.47ìmol!L-1(范围:0.02～19.11 ìmol稬-1),占阴离子总址的4.10%,二者的相天系数达到0.86.说明甲酸和乙酸具有共同的来源.在一次降雨事件中,有机酸的浓度一般随降雨时间的延长而降低,但在降雨中后期有时会出现上升的现象,表明有机酸主要来自云下淋滤作用,少数情况下来自大气远距离的传输.遵义市区的山间盆地地形、高湿度、低风速、以尘埃为主的大气污染物等特点为有机酸来源于当地创造了条件.应用气液平衡的原理,提出了降水中甲酸、乙酸比值(F/A)aq的有机酸来源判定方法.发现遵义降水中的有机酸春季和冬季主要来自人类活动的释放.夏季和秋季则主要来自植物的释放.     

Phosphatase activity and culture conditions of the yeast Candida mycoderma sp. and analysis of organic phosphorus hydrolysis ability

Orthophosphate is an essential but limiting macronutrient for plant growth. About 67% cropland in China lacks sufficient phosphorus, especially that with red soil. Extensive soil phosphorus reserves exist in the form of organic phosphorus, which is unavailable for root uptake unless hydrolyzed by secretory acid phosphatases. Thus, many microorganisms with the ability to produce phosphatase have been exploited. In this work, the activity of an extracellular acid phosphatase and yeast biomass from Candida mycoderma was measured under different culture conditions, such as pH, temperature, and carbon source. A maximal phosphatase activity of 8.47 × 10^5±0.11× 10^5 U/g was achieved by C. Mycoderma in 36 hr under the optimal conditions. The extracellular acid phosphatase has high activity over a wide pH tolerance range from 2.5 to S.0 （optimum pH 3.5）. The effects of different phosphorus compounds on the acid phosphatase production were also studied. The presence of phytin, lecithin or calcium phosphate reduced the phosphatase activity and biomass yield significantly. In addition, the pH of the culture medium was reduced significantly by lecithin. The efficiency of the strain in releasing orthophosphate from organic phosphorus was studied in red soil （used in planting trees） and rice soil （originating as red soil）. The available phosphorus content was increased by 230% after inoculating 20 days in rice soil and decreased by 50% after inoculating 10 days in red soil. This work indicates that the yeast strain C. mycoderma has potential application for enhancing phosphorus utilization in plants that grow in rice soil.