西部复杂性地貌地区消防规划评估与建设研究 ——以凉山州区域为例

城市消防规划作为城市消防安全体系建设的重要依据,是助力城市现代化进程、推动城市综合安全智慧网络形成的重要基石。通过对凉山州各地貌地区消防现状存在问题的分析,结合凉山州的实际情况及全州建设发展多种形式综合性消防应急救援队伍的需要,提出了能满足全州消防安全需求且能够有效指导城市消防建设的相应对策。     

疫情下医疗废物的处置现状分析

2019年新冠疫情席卷全球,在疫情环境下,医疗废物大幅增多,全国各大城市纷纷出现医疗废物处置不当的现象。本文对国内外现状分析,在认知、设施、管理和监督四个方面发现存在一定的问题,通过加强教育、加大储备、完善机制和改善监管的建议,为提升医疗废物应急处置能力提供参考。     

Assessment of the maximum allowed acid deposition load at current stage in China

Soil acidification caused by acid deposition has been significant in some forests in southern China. We present an approach for assessing the current stage maximum allowed load (SML) of acid deposition for terrestrial system in the country. The main idea was that soil base cation exchange as a finite buffer to acidity was included in the soil acidity mass balance calculation at current acidification stage. We calculated the SML for five forests in southern China. The usual critical loads for the same forests were also calculated by the steady state mass balance model for comparison. The results showed that the SML is a more tolerant limit than the critical load for the forests with soils not acidified seriously at current stage. However, the SML become a more stringent limit to acid deposition when the forest soils have acidified seriously to very low base cation saturation. In this case the SML assessment is beneficial for the soils recovering from a serious acidified state. Based on a national scale database, the SML mapping for non-agricultural soil system in China was carried out.     

广西壮族自治区污水处理厂运行状况及特征分析

基于广西壮族自治区126座污水处理厂2015年运行状况的调查数据,分析广西污水处理厂的工艺特点、污泥处置、出水水质达标情况、运行负荷率和运行费用,评估污水处理厂运行的效率和效果,分析存在的问题,并就污水处理厂的运行和管理提出建议。     

水环境中抗生素污染的研究进展

中国是抗生素使用大国,但由于现有的污水处理技术不能有效的降解水环境中的抗生素,导致环境中抗生素含量不断增高,各种抗性基因不断产生,抗生素的有效利用率不断降低,对疾病的治愈率也越来越低,而新的抗生素的研发速度又远远慢于细菌的传播速度,因此抗生素污染的扩大严重威胁着人类健康.综述了抗生素的来源与危害,国内外抗生素的污染现状以及相应的政策措施,并对人类健康进行展望.     

H2S匀圆杂选择性催化氧化工艺及催化剂研究现状

论述了石油流化催化裂化烟气中H2S气体的选择性催化氧化处理工艺和工艺中所使用的各种类型选择性氧化催化剂.目前已发展并投入使用的选择性氧化工艺主要有:Superclaus工艺、Euroclaus工艺、Clinsulf-Do工艺、BSR/Hi-Activity工艺、Selectox工艺和Modop工艺等,各工艺具有不同的特点和应用范围.H2S选择氧化催化剂主要包括以下几种体系:碳体系、SiC载体体系、分子筛体系、氧化物体系和柱撑黏土体系等.其中碳体系和氧化物体系的研究开展的较早较多,关于分子筛体系的研究近期有所减少,SiC是研究人员认为非常有潜力的一个载体体系,其相关体系研究也一直在进行之中,柱撑黏土体系还处于初步研究阶段,离实际应用尚有距离.     

Effect of acid solutions on plants studied by the optical beam deflection method

The optical beam deflection method was applied to study the effects of acid solution on both a terrestial and aquatic plants Egeria and Cerastium, which are common aquatic plant and terrestial weed respectively. A probe beam from a He-Ne laser was passed through a vicinity of a leaf of the plants, which were put in culture dishes filled with acid solutions. Deflection signals of the probe beam were monitored and compared for acid solutions with different pH values. The results of Egria showed that the deflection signals changed dramatically when pH values of acid solutions were 2.0 and 3.0, while little at pH of 4.0 and 5.0. For Cerastium when pH were below 3.0, deflection signals changed greatly with time at the begining. After a certain period of time, deflection signals changed little with time. When pH value was above 4.0, deflection signals of Cerastium were still changing with time even after 20 hours. The results suggested that the damage threshold of pH was between 3.0 and 4.0 for both the land and aquatic plants.     

抚顺市酸雨污染特征及变化趋势

在抚顺市酸雨监测数据分析的基础上,对抚顺地区的酸雨污染特征及其变化趋势和污染来源进行了探讨。     

中国建设项目环境监理现状与发展趋势研究

建设项目环境监理是中国环境管理制度的一个组成部分,目前尚处于试点阶段,环境监理的管理体系还有待进一步完善。在对国内环境监理工作研究之后介绍了中国环境监理产生的背景、发展历程与现状,总结了现阶段已经取得的环境监理成果,并将部分省、市、自治区的环境监理工作开展情况进行了对比;同时对国家和各级地方环保主管部门开展环境监理工作存在的不足进行了剖析并提出了一些完善环境监理制度的建议,期冀中国的环境监理制度逐步健全并在环境管理工作中发挥重要的作用。     

昆明市环境应急监测能力建设现状及对策建议

结合昆明市环境应急监测能力建设的现状,着重分析存在的主要问题,提出了相应的对策建议。