浮选机从采油污水中除油的若干问题

浮选机应用过程中出现了一些问题,有的已停用、报废,以至拆除。文中分析了各方面的因素,例如：机械方面的问题、液面高度失控问题、浮选除油的影响因素、以及浮选除油的附带作用等。总体来说,浮选机除油的效果是肯定的,通过改进其性能,处理效果还能提高,出现的问题都不难解决。所以,浮选机的应用还是一种值得考虑的除油方法。     

The Use of a Simple Air Quality Index in the Helsinki Area, Finland

2 (1 and 24 h), SO₂ (1 and 24 h), O₃ (1 h) and PM₁₀ (24 h). The AQI is linked to the new air quality guidelines in Finland. The AQI is based on acute health effects, but long-term effects on nature and materials are also taken into consideration. Subindices are calculated hourly for all pollutants and for a given hour the highest subindex becomes the AQI. AQI values are currently calculated for the center of Helsinki and for typical suburban areas.     

火灾现象的数值模拟及其应用

本文讨论了模拟火灾现象的数值方法及其应用。着重研究了火焰发热、空气流动和烟尘传播的数学模型，讨论了紊流模型中浮力项的处理和边界条件的简化，并介绍了这一课题的研究现状和发展方向。     

一种改善工作环境利于人身健康的自动监控系统

有些特定的工作环境，在不能够确定空气状态参数的情况下，不允许对其进行通风处理。本文介绍了一种可以在线检测空气状态，并根据判定标志，自动开启换气设备的智能仪器。它对于工作环境的改善，人身健康的保护，仪器使用及物品存放的安全都具有较高的实用和推广价值。     

Urban air pollution and atmospheric diffusion research in China

Air pollution has become a serious problem in China as a result of that country's efforts in the last 30 years to become a great industrial power. The burning of coal, which currently provides over 70% of all China's energy needs, is a major source of air pollution. Because Chinese coal is high in sulfur and ash content and because most combustion devices in China have low efficiencies, SO₂ and particulate emissions are a serious problem and are comparable to or exceed those found in many countries that are much more industrialized. Although most coal is burned in North China, acid precipitation is most severe in South China because of the lack of buffering loess dust found in the former region.The Chinese government has already taken major steps to mitigate air pollution, such as relocating polluting industries, supplying coal with lower sulfur content, using gas instead of coal for residential heating, and levying fines on industries that exceed pollution standards. Atmospheric environmental impact assessment (AEIA) is also required for all major new projects. This article describes three types of mathematical diffusion models and field and wind-tunnel experiments that are used in such assessments.The Chinese authorities believe that a range of technological, managerial, locational, and behavioral changes must be effected before the air of Chinese cities can be significantly improved.     

A human ecological assessment of air quality management: A convergence in economic and ecological thinking?

Traditional air pollution management practices are examined using the human ecological framework adopted by Boyden and others (1981) in their study of Hong Kong—the biohistorical or biosocial approach. The subsequent analysis of current air quality management practices assesses their effectiveness in protecting the overall health of both humans and the natural environment. The uncertainties inherent in air pollution management practices which emerge highlight the need to reduce emissions rather than rely on scientific knowledge to define clean air. The assessment also clearly defines roles for research in various areas such as atmospheric models, health effects, and environmental damage. The final recommendations emphasize the need for the introduction of such incentives to reduce emissions as economic instruments and warn against using health information to define clean air. Health and environmental damage information can, however, be used in risk assessment strategies together with atmospheric dispersion models.     

东莞市一次空气污染过程成因分析

基于东莞市大气复合污染超级监测站的监测数据,选取2017年12月一次典型空气污染过程,对污染期间气象要素、大气颗粒物组分特征和污染物来源进行综合研究。结果表明,在污染期间,首要污染物为PM_(2.5),日均值为86μg/m3,其主要化学组分依次是OC、NO_3~-和SO_4~(2-),分别占PM_(2.5)的19.7%,16.1%和14.9%;在不利的气象条件下,本地污染排放和外源输入的一次污染物快速生成二次有机物、硝酸盐和硫酸盐,是造成该次空气污染的主要原因; PM_(2.5)污染主要来源为机动车尾气(27.7%)及二次无机源(19.0%)。     

基于自回归GA-BP神经网络的AQI预测

基于徐州市2013年12月—2018年11月的空气质量指数日均值,建立了时间序列自回归输入的GA-BP神经网络模型用于空气质量指数预测。结果表明,所建立的网络模型能够准确预测徐州市空气质量指数的变化趋势,其中夏季预测相对误差18. 23%,仿真均方根误差(RMSE)为14. 59;冬季预测相对误差9. 14%,仿真RMSE为11. 47。     

菏泽市气象因子与空气质量相关性研究与应用

利用气象因子与空气中污染物之间的相互关系,建立了旨在反映两者内在关系的多元回归方程模型。利用气象参数预报值和当日污染物监测结果,对次日空气中污染浓度进行预测。     

沉降法测定大气细菌粒子含量公式的检验

在沈阳市对文献［６］提出的由大气细菌粒子的沉降量计算大气细菌粒子含量的公式进行了检验．结果表明，在同泽小学由公式计算的大气细菌粒子的含量为３３２４个／ｍ３，Ａ·Ｓ采样器测定的大气细菌粒子的含量为３７９２个／ｍ３，二者之间的比值为０．９，ｔ＝０．７８５，Ｐ＞０．０５，两种方法得出的大气细菌粒子的含量没有明显差异，比传统的奥梅梁斯基公式有比较好的准确性和实用性．