上海市某区大气污染与居民糖尿病死亡关系的时间序列研究

2001年1月1日～2001年12月31日，采用时间序列的半参数广义相加模型，在控制气象因素，死亡的长期趋势、“星期几效应”等混杂因素的基础上，分析了上海市某区每日大气污染物浓度与居民糖尿病死亡的关系。结果表明，大气PM10、SO2和NO2日平均浓度每增加10μg／m^3，居民因糖尿病而死亡的相对危险度分别为1.017(95％可信限1．000～1．033)、1．029(95％可信限0．990～1．068)和1.059(95％可信限1．000～1．118)。因此，上海市某区目前的PM10、NO2水平对居民糖尿病死亡确有影响。     

略论《大气污染防治法》的重大修改

《大气污染防治法》已正式颁布实施,本文主要从七个方面阐述了该法在重大修改。     

中小型水泥厂大气污染防治初探

根据机械化立窑水泥生产工艺和设备的特声、，分析中小型水泥厂大气污染的因素和污染防治措施，供环境影响评价和环保工程设计参考．     

大连市“十五”期间大气环境中SO2、NO2、PM10污染状况分析

根据大连市大气污染特点，通过对SO2、NO2、PM10年均值、月均值以及各功能区年均值和采暖期与非采暖期的污染状况进行玢析。得出大连市大气环境中SO2、NO2、PM10的主要来源及污染程度。结果表明，3项污染指标的年均值均符合国家环境空气质量二级标准：SO2呈缓慢增长趋势，NO2、PM10无明显变化趋势。     

煤烟型大气污染与洁净煤技术

形成煤烟型大气污染的直接原因是原煤散烧。洁净煤技术是从源头上控制煤烟型大气污染的有效措施之一。本文主要介绍了各种洁净煤技术 ,重点介绍了洁净型煤和洁净配煤技术的新进展。     

Ozone distribution in central Italy and its effect on crop productivity

The focus of the present study was to assess the ozone levels in a typical area of the Mediterranean basin, viz. Tuscany (central Italy). Eighty-thousand hourly mean ozone concentrations were recorded by 10 automatic analysers in the districts of Florence, Pisa, Lucca and Prato, from May to September 1995 to 1997. The highest daily mean concentrations were reached in Florence, with a maximum hourly average of 197 ppb. In Lucca and Pisa, the peaks were close to 100 ppb. Data from Prato were much lower. Long-term critical levels for vegetation, as set by United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), were constantly exceeded in Florence and Pisa, occasionally in Lucca, never in Prato. The results were used to fit exposure/yield response relationships proposed by UNECE and US National Crop Loss Assessment Network for some important crops. The estimated yield losses varied in Florence from 8% for corn and alfalfa to 27% for soybean, in Pisa from 5% for corn to 24% for soybean, in Lucca from 3% for corn to 17% for soybean. A preliminary economic estimate for corn, wheat, barley, soybean, tomato and alfalfa, calculated annual damage to be 4.6 M Euro in Florence, 0.5 M Euro in Lucca and 3 M Euro in Pisa. The picture must be regarded as only partial, as exposure/yield response relationships for important Italian crops (such as grapevine and vegetables) are not available.     

白腐真菌对活性艳红染料X-3B的脱色实验研究

探讨了白腐真菌对活性艳红染料X-3B废水的脱色效果。实验结果表明白腐真菌可以有效地对染料废水进行脱色。白腐真菌在空气曝气培养条件下,比在空气静置培养状态下具有更强的脱色降解能力;而且当在染料废水中加入一定量的碳源物质(葡萄糖)能提高白腐真菌脱色能力。最后,通过考察细胞外液对染料废水的脱色效果,表明白腐真菌对染料进行脱色的核心体系位于细胞体外。实验结果对白腐真菌在环境工程中的直接应用具有一定的价值。     

Indonesian peat and vegetation fire emissions: Study on factors influencing large-scale smoke haze pollution using a regional atmospheric chemistry model

Numerical modelling of fire-related smoke haze episodes in Southeast Asia is important for both prediction and assessment of atmospheric impacts, especially when observational data are fragmentary, as is the case in Indonesia. This work describes the atmospheric fate of smoke particles emitted during the 1997 Indonesian fires modelled with a regional atmospheric chemistry model. We established a new fire emission inventory and calculate that 55 teragram (Tg) of particulate matter and 1098 Tg of carbon were released during this fire episode. Our emission estimate is an intermediate value compared with other studies. Utilising different scenarios, we demonstrate the variable atmospheric impacts of surface vegetation fires and peat soil fires separately and also investigate the sensitivity of smoke dispersion to the differing meteorological conditions of an El Niño and a normal year. When peat fires are included in the emission inventory, modelled ambient particle concentrations exceed the ambient air quality standard across transboundary scales. In a scenario including only surface vegetation fires, ambient air quality standards are exceeded only in areas close to the main fires. This scenario demonstrates the prominent role of fires in peat areas in causing regional air pollution episodes. In years with normal meteorological conditions, intermittent precipitation and associated wet deposition during the dry season are predicted to remove most of the particulate emissions close to the sources. Strongly reduced rainfall and generally stronger southeasterly winds during El Niño years provide favourable conditions for larger scale smoke haze pollution.     

活性炭吸附法脱除烟气中SO_2的实验研究

本文描述了活性炭脱除烟气中Ｓｉｂ的实验过程．并在实验基础上讨论了Ｏ２／ＳＯ２、Ｈ２Ｏ／ＳＯ２、活性炭床层温度和空速等对脱硫效率的影响，提出了影响脱硫效率参数的合理取值范围．     

湖北省主要城市环境空气质量特点及成因分析

在武汉、黄石、十堰、宜昌、襄樊、荆门、荆州七城市十八年空气环境例行监测的基础上 ,运用综合污染负荷系数法总结了七城市空气质量变化趋势和特点 ,对其形成的原因进行了分析 ,并就此提出了治理的方法和管理的对策