发展散装水泥的环境和经济效益分析

中国是水泥生产和使用大国，但在包装上却主要采用落后的纸袋包装，水泥散装率同世界工业化国家相距甚远。发展散装水泥具有明显的环境、经济和社会效益。对散装水泥在国内外的发展状况及发展散装水泥的效益进行了论述分析；以天津市为例，说明水泥尘对空气环境质量产生的影响，通过对比分析阐述散装水泥的环境效益；并提出推动散装水泥发展的措施与建议。     

MAF旋切气浮技术在炼油厂污水处理中的应用

简要介绍了MAF旋切气浮的结构、原理及特点，根据MAF－A型旋切气浮机在沧州炼油厂污水处理的生产性应用试验，论述MAF旋切气浮技术在炼油废水处理中的应用。     

重庆市区雾害与能见度的变化分析

本文通过对重庆市区盛近50年雾频率变化和能见度变坏的观测事实.揭示了重庆市区由于城市规模的扩大,工业的发展和交通运输的急剧增长,使市区的大气能见度和天气品位出现了逐渐变坏的趋势.     

气相色谱在我国大气污染物监测中的应用

阐述了气相色谱法在我国大气有机物监测中所取得的成果。重点介绍了在监测大气中多环芳烃,氯化二苯并二(口恶)(口英)和氯化二苯并呋哺,碳氢化合物、苯系物、硝基苯、苯胺、恶臭、有机硫化物、农药、酚类、有机酸、肼和偏二甲肼、丙烯腈、卤代烃、多氯联苯等物质中的应用。     

上海市大气中非甲烷挥发性有机物的组成及特点

研究了上海不同功能区（工业区、商业区、学院区）大气中ＮＭＶＯＣ的组成特点。各功能区大气中的有机物先用高分子聚合物Ｔｅｎａｘ－ＴＡ在常温下富集，再经ＧＣ－ＭＳ联用仪进行分析。结果表明：上海市大气中的ＮＭＶＯＣ有２８２种；工业区和商业区的ＮＭＶＯＣ主要来自人为源，而学院区的ＮＭＶＯＣ则来自天然源和生活活动。     

沈阳市新城子区大气中二氧化硫污染特征分析

对沈阳市新城子区近五年来大气例行监测的数据进行统计分析 ,揭示了 SO2 浓度的年际变化、日变化、季节变化和空间分布的特征 ,并预测发展趋势 ,提出防治或减轻污染的建议。     

高温厌氧处理后炼厂浮选渣过滤性能的研究

本文考察了高温厌氧消化处理炼油厂浮选的过滤脱水效果，得出在污泥停留时间为１０天的条件下，厌氧过程能较好地进行；高温消化后的污泥过滤脱水性能有较大的改善；过滤后的滤饼含水率明显降低，由新鲜浮渣的９１％可降到５７％。     

除尘器的漏风与检验技术

本文介绍了除尘器的漏风涵义和产生漏风的原因，以及用压力降法检验除尘器漏风率的步骤程序、使用仪器、计算公式，并举出三台大型除尘器漏风率的实测结果、这一检验方法较其他方法简便、准确、可靠。     

沈阳市大气污染排放申报登记结果

本文就沈阳市大气污染物排放申报登记结果进行分析、评价、并得出结论，为大气污染总量控制打下基础．     

Microeconomic theory of chemical production processes: application to aqueous VOC air stripping operations

A novel microeconomic formalism for chemical processes is applied to air stripping of harmful volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from aqueous streams in a conventional packed tower. A simplified conceptual process model is combined with techno-economic aggregation rules to obtain an engineering production function, which relates process inputs (capital, material, labor, and energy) to output (stripped water flow rate). Process relationships determine column length and diameter required to achieve a specified VOC percent recovery from an aqueous stream of given composition and flow rate. Total capital is determined using a defined capital unit (1 capital unit=10 foot of 6-inch schedule 40 carbon steel welded pipe=$122, Jan. 1990) to put all installed capital equipment on the same basis and multiplying by 3.37 to account for the necessary plant infrastructure. Process labor is obtained from an empirical correlation, which relates workerhours to mass throughput. Simulations were made for four systems comprised from each of two representative random packings (i.e. 25-mm plastic Pall rings and 25-mm ceramic Raschig rings) and two model VOCs (i.e. 1,2-dichloroethane and trichloroethylene). Several examples are given, and process, technical and economic analyses of the results are presented. Two-dimensional (capital-energy) optimization was effective in determining the least cost combination of inputs for a plant to produce a specified output of stripped water. Furthermore, conventional economic models (e.g. Cobb-Douglas model) and associated methods (e.g. linear programming) were shown to be ineffective for air stripping plant design and optimization. Moreover, increasing returns to scale with economies of scale (declining long-run average cost) are prevalent.