美缝剂TVOC释放量与释放规律的测试与分析

提出了环境舱法测试美缝剂总挥发性有机化合物(TVOC)释放量的方法,对市场常见的美缝剂产品的TVOC进行了测试,并研究了美缝剂的TVOC释放规律和主要污染物.同时对美缝剂的甲醛释放量进行了测试.通过对16种环氧树脂美缝剂产品的数据分析显示,美缝剂产品的甲醛释放量风险较低;75%的产品在第7天的TVOC释放量可达到500μg·m^-3以下.但个别产品在28 d时仍有明显的VOC释放,显示其具有长期缓慢释放的特点.美缝剂释放的主要污染物为苯甲醛与苯甲醇,个别产品检出有甲苯和邻苯二甲酸酯类物质.     

Biodegradation of N,N-bis(carboxymethyl)-L-glutamate and its utilization as sole source of carbon,nitrogen, and energy by a Rhizobium radiobacter strain in seawater

Biodegradation of N,N-bis(carboxymethyl)-L-glutamate and its utilization by micro-organisms in marine environments were studied in Organization of Economic Development and Cooperation (OECD) screening tests and with pure bacterial cultures. Biodegradation in excess of 60% was achieved in closed bottle tests in less than 60 days, suggesting complete degradation. The bacterial strain isolated from marine sandy sediment and utilizing N,N-bis(carboxymethyl)-L-glutamate as sole source of carbon, nitrogen, and energy was identified as Rhizobium radiobacter. The strain was capable to mineralize N,N-bis(carboxymethyl)-L-glutamate in seawater and in synthetic media containing 0–60 g L^?1 sea salts. Growth and adaptation studies indicated that N-carboxymethyl-L-glutamate and L-glutamate are main metabolites.     

胺型腰果酚醛树脂对Ag~+的吸附

制备了3种胺型腰果酚醛树脂(二乙撑三胺型腰果酚醛树脂(PCD)、己二胺型腰果酚醛树脂(PCE)、己二胺型腰果酚醛树脂(PCH)),采用XPS(X-射线光电子能谱仪)、EA(元素分析仪)、FTIR(傅利叶变换红外光谱分析仪)等手段研究了其结构特征,并考察了其对水溶液中Ag+的吸附行为和机理.结果表明,3种树脂对Ag+有较高的吸附量和吸附作用;在pH值为5.5的条件下,树脂对Ag+的吸附效果最佳;2h内吸附达到平衡;吸附行为均符合Lagergren准二级速率方程;树脂对Ag+的吸附均符合Langmuir等温吸附方程;吸附反应为自发吸热和熵增的过程;可溶性无机盐对树脂吸附Ag+的影响不大;推测其吸附机理是树脂上胺基、羟基与Ag+发生较强的配位作用和较弱的离子交换作用的化学吸附为主.吸附Ag+后的树脂可用硝酸脱附再生;树脂循环使用4次后,吸附率和脱附率仍大于90%.     

1,3,5-triazine-triethylenetetramine polymer: an efficient adsorbent for removal of Cr(VI) ions from aqueous solution

The synthesis of 1,3,5-triazine-triethylenetetramine (TATETA), its characterization by infrared spectroscopy and elemental analysis, and its application for removal of Cr(VI) ions from aqueous solution is reported. The effects of pH, contact time, initial concentration of Cr(VI), sorbent dose, and temperature on adsorption were investigated and optimized by batch adsorption experiments. Adsorption was highest at acidic conditions with an equilibration time of 25 min. The adsorption followed a Langmuir model, with an adsorption capacity of 303 mg g^?1, was second order in its kinetics, and exothermic and thus spontaneous.     

对乙酰氨基酚修饰的后交联树脂对双酚A的吸附性能

用二氯乙烷为溶剂,用FeCl3为催化剂,使氯球和对乙酰氨基酚发生Friedel-Crafts反应制得了对乙酰氨基酚修饰的后交联树脂,对其结构进行了表征,研究乙酰氨基和酚羟基二类氢键作用位点修饰的后交联树脂对双酚A的吸附性能.结果表明,红外光谱显示对乙酰氨基酚已被成功地修饰在后交联树脂上.对乙酰氨基酚修饰的后交联树脂与氯球相比,BET比表面积、孔容明显增大,孔径明显变小.对乙酰氨基酚修饰的后交联树脂对双酚A的吸附量明显高于75%活性炭的聚砜微球对双酚A的吸附量.对乙酰氨基酚修饰的后交联树脂对双酚A的吸附为放热、自发的过程;树脂可以用100%酒精解吸,解吸率为99.92%;吸附动力学数据符合一级吸附速率方程,颗粒内扩散是吸附速率的主要控制步骤,吸附速率同时还受液膜扩散的影响.     

用离子交换树脂柱法观测长春市大气氮沉降

为了解城市环境中大气氮沉降的特点,于2008年9月—2009年9月,使用离子交换树脂柱法对长春市大气氮沉降进行了观测. 结果表明:观测期间,长春市大气硝态氮沉降量月均值为5.33 mg/m2>/sup>,亚硝态氮沉降量月均值为1.67 mg/m2>/sup>. 大气硝态氮和亚硝态氮沉降量有明显的局部分异特点,沉降量大的地点主要分布在交通干线和热电厂周边地区,显示了大气硝态氮的点源和线源特征. 大气氨氮沉降量月均值为3.10 mg/m2>/sup>; 各观测点间大气氨氮沉降量变化明显小于硝态氮和亚硝态氮,显示了大气氨氮的面源特征.      

纤维素胺基树脂的制备及脱色性能评价

用氯化亚砜改性微晶纤维素,利用二乙烯三胺对氯化纤维素进行胺基取代制得纤维素胺基树脂。通过正交试验确定纤维素胺基树脂的最佳制备条件;红外分析以及X-衍射可知:氯化纤维素改性取代胺基得到纤维素胺基树脂。纤维素胺基树脂有较好的脱色功能。对甲基橙脱色条件为:吸附时间6 h,吸附温度为30℃,甲基橙初始浓度取为20 mg/L,树脂投加量为0.02 g。     

Recovery of biomass wastes by hydrolysis in sub-critical water

The recovery of waste substances is important not only for the prevention of environmental issues, but also for the rational utilization of natural resources. Hydrolysis reaction in sub-critical water is a promising method for the treatment of organic wastes and has been attracting worldwide attention. In this paper, sub-critical water hydrolysis was employed as a method for producing amino acids, reducing sugars, bio-oil and gas fuels from biomass wastes. The current statuses of these useful chemicals production from biomass wastes by hydrolysis in sub-critical water were reviewed. The review indicates that sub-critical water hydrolysis can be an efficient process for recovering useful chemicals from biomass wastes. This method is renewable, sustainable, efficient, and safe for the environment.     

MIEX树脂特性及其在饮用水处理中的应用

阐述了MIEX阴离子交换树脂的特性及其在饮用水处理中对消毒副产物前质、色度、浊度、藻类等的去除效果.对近年来MIEX树脂与超滤、活性炭、臭氧等工艺组合的应用情况进行了介绍,初步分析了MIEX树脂用于净水处理的经济性.     

大孔树脂吸附—Fenton试剂氧化法预处理含邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯废水

采用大孔树脂吸附—Fenton试剂氧化法预处理含邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯(DIBP)废水。大孔树脂吸附工段的最佳实验条件为:以树脂NDA88为吸附剂,废水pH为2。NDA88经过10批次的连续使用,COD去除率基本稳定在58%左右,脱附率可达96%以上,吸附后废水COD为12 000 mg/L左右。Fenton试剂氧化工段的最佳实验条件为:H2O2加入量70 mL/L,n(H2O2):n(Fe2+)=4,废水pH 4。在此最佳条件下进行实验,Fenton试剂氧化工段COD去除率达65%,处理后废水COD为4 200 mg/L。