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排序方式: 共有373条查询结果,搜索用时 515 毫秒
61.
Cook KL Rothrock MJ Eiteman MA Lovanh N Sistani K 《Journal of environmental management》2011,92(7):1760-1766
Poultry litter is a valuable nutrient source for crop production. Successful management to reduce ammonia and its harmful side-effects on poultry and the environment can be aided by the use of litter amendments. In this study, three acidifiers, two biological treatments, one chemical urease inhibitor and two adsorber amendments were added to poultry litter. Chemical, physical and microbiological properties of the litters were assessed at the beginning and the end of the experiment. Application of litter amendments consistently reduced organic N loss (0-15%) as compared to unamended litter (20%). Acidifiers reduced nitrogen loss through both chemical and microbiological processes. Adsorbent amendments (water treatment residuals and chitosan) reduced nitrogen loss and concentrations of ammonia-producing bacteria and fungi. The use of efficient, cost-effective litter amendments to maximum agronomic, environmental and financial benefits is essential for the future of sustainable poultry production. 相似文献
62.
废水中氨氮的去除与利用 总被引:21,自引:0,他引:21
化学沉淀剂可去除废水中的氨氮,并得到有用复合肥MgNH4PO4。探讨了诸反应对氨氮去除率的影响。 相似文献
63.
The effect of ammonia inhibition was evaluated during the enhanced anaerobic treatment of digested effluent from a 700 m3 chicken-manure continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR). A 12.3 L internal circulation (IC) reactor inoculated with an anaerobic granular sludge and operated at 35 ± 1 °C was employed for the investigation. With a corresponding organic loading rate of 1.5-3.5 kg-COD/m3 d over a hydraulic retention time of 1.5 d, a maximum volumetric biogas production rate of 1.2 m3/m3 d and TCOD (total COD) removal efficiency ranging from 70% to 80% was achieved. However, the continual increase in the influent TAN content led to ammonia inhibition in the methanogenesis system. The SCOD/TAN (soluble COD/total ammonia nitrogen) ratio was presented to be the key controlling factor for the anaerobic treatment of semi-digested chicken manure, and further validation through shock loading and ammonia inhibition experiments was conducted. The threshold value of the SCOD/TAN ratio was determined to be 2.4 (corresponding to a TAN of 1250 mg/L) at an influent pH of 8.5-9. 相似文献
64.
新型异养氨氧化菌的分离鉴定及氨氧化特性 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
从青岛海岸采集淤泥.通过富集培养,以硅胶平板点种分离.经纯化得到一株氨氧化菌H9菌株。该菌可以在营养培养基中生长,是一株异养氨氧化菌,经形态、生理生化特性、16SrRNA序列分析等初步鉴定该菌属于假诺卡氏菌属(Pseudonocardia sp.H9)。该菌株具有将氨氧化为硝酸的能力,明显不同于自养型的硝化作用过程需要亚硝化细菌和硝化细菌的密切协作才能把氨氧化成硝酸的特点。此外,该菌可以在无有机碳的培养基或在有机碳C/N达7或更高的培养基中氧化氨至硝酸;在亚硝化培养基与LB的混合培养基中,在LB占15%以下时,LB越高越有利于氨的氧化和菌的生长。该菌株的生长和氧化氨的最适温度为30℃;pH5.0~10.0,最适为8.0;氨离子摩尔浓度1~40mmol/L,最适为8mmol/L;氯化钠质量分数为0%~8%,最适为3.5%。由于该菌株具有以上的特性和优点.在污水的脱氮处理以及养殖海水的氨氮处理中有较高的应用前景,同时也是研究氨的生物氧化机制的理想菌株。 相似文献
65.
基于Berthollet反应示波极谱法测定水中微量氨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在亚硝基铁氰化钾存在下,氨在氢氧化钠介质中与苯酚、次氯酸钠反应,其产物靛酚在滴汞电极上产生-灵敏的吸附波,NH3-N在0.003~0.22mg/L内,导数峰电流与其呈良好的线性关系。用于环境水中NH3-N的测定,其相对标准偏差小于3%,回收率为97%~105%,方法具有较好的选择性。 相似文献
66.
Wiessner A Kuschk P Jechorek M Seidel H Kästner M 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2008,155(1):125-131
Sulphur cycling and its correlation to removal processes under dynamic redox conditions in the rhizosphere of helophytes in treatment wetlands are poorly understood. Therefore, long-term experiments were performed in laboratory-scale constructed wetlands treating artificial domestic wastewater in order to investigate the dynamics of sulphur compounds, the responses of plants and nitrifying microorganisms under carbon surplus conditions, and the generation of methane. For carbon surplus conditions (carbon:sulphate of 2.8:1) sulphate reduction happened but was repressed, in contrast to unplanted filters mentioned in literature. Doubling the carbon load caused stable and efficient sulphate reduction, rising of pH, increasing enrichment of S(2-) and S(0) in pore water, and finally plant death and inhibition of nitrification by sulphide toxicity. The data show a clear correlation of the occurrence of reduced S-species with decreasing C and N removal performance and plant viability in the experimental constructed wetlands. 相似文献
67.
68.
CO2是《京都议定书》要求减排的6种温室气体之一,《京都议定书》还确立了有助于发展中国家获得资金和先进技术的清洁发展机制(CDM)。本文结合实际工程案例,介绍了合成氨副产CO2气的回收和利用方法,为我国氮肥行业申请CDM项目资助,回收利用CO2,减少CO2排放提供技术参考。 相似文献
69.
70.
氨是一种无色且有强烈刺激性臭味的气体,居住区大气中有害物质最高容许浓度氨的一次限值是0.2mg/m3。本文研究了环境空气监测中氨的测定方法,分析氨的预处理对监测结果的影响。 相似文献