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171.
《Process Safety and Environmental Protection》2014,92(6):815-821
The aim of this research was to upgrade the performance of a conventional septic tank (CST) for on-site treatment of sewage with negligible costs. Although CST is known as an inexpensive pre-treatment system, a complementary treatment is required to reuse its output effluent. In this work, the quality of treated wastewater reached to the standard level for irrigation by the innovational changes made in the structure of CST for converting it into an advanced septic reactor (ASR). The modification consists adding some pipe and trays without using any mechanical or electrical equipment.ASR was operated at ambient temperatures in laboratory and pilot-scale. The effects of up-flow velocities (Vup) of 0.4, 0.5, 0.7, 1 and 1.5 m/h and hydraulic retention times (HRT) of 36, 24 and 12 h on the ASR treatment performance were studied.For optimum Vup of 1 m/h and HRT of 24 h and biomass specific methanogenic activity (SMA) of 0.31 mg COD/g VSS d the maximum removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) and total suspended solids (TSS) were 86.2%, 79.4% and 95%, respectively.The results showed that ASR is an appropriate alternative for CST for sewage on-site treatment by a low cost modification. 相似文献
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Benefits of supplementing an industrial waste anaerobic digester with energy crops for increased biogas production 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Currently, there is increasing competition for waste as feedstock for the growing number of biogas plants. This has led to fluctuation in feedstock supply and biogas plants being operated below maximum capacity. The feasibility of supplementing a protein/lipid-rich industrial waste (pig manure, slaughterhouse waste, food processing and poultry waste) mesophilic anaerobic digester with carbohydrate-rich energy crops (hemp, maize and triticale) was therefore studied in laboratory scale batch and continuous stirred tank reactors (CSTR) with a view to scale-up to a commercial biogas process. Co-digesting industrial waste and crops led to significant improvement in methane yield per ton of feedstock and carbon-to-nitrogen ratio as compared to digestion of the industrial waste alone. Biogas production from crops in combination with industrial waste also avoids the need for micronutrients normally required in crop digestion. The batch co-digestion methane yields were used to predict co-digestion methane yield in full scale operation. This was done based on the ratio of methane yields observed for laboratory batch and CSTR experiments compared to full scale CSTR digestion of industrial waste. The economy of crop-based biogas production is limited under Swedish conditions; therefore, adding crops to existing industrial waste digestion could be a viable alternative to ensure a constant/reliable supply of feedstock to the anaerobic digester. 相似文献
175.
Antibiotics of inorganic and organic origin in pig manure can inhibit the anaerobic process in biogas plants. The influence of three frequently used antibiotics, copper dosed as CuSO4, sulfadiazine (SDZ), and difloxacin (DIF), on the anaerobic digestion process of pig manure was studied in semi-continuous experiments. Biogas production recovered after every Cu dosage up to a sum of 12.94 g Cu kg−1 organic dry matter (ODM), probably due to Cu precipitation following the formation of sulphide from sulphate. Complete inhibition was found at the very high Cu concentration of 19.40 g Cu kg−1 ODM. Inhibitory effect of SDZ and DIF was observed at concentrations as high as 2.70 g kg−1 ODM and 0.54 g kg−1 ODM, respectively. It seems very unlikely that the antibiotics tested would inhibit the anaerobic process in a full-scale biogas plant. 相似文献
176.
The effects of using untreated leachate for supplemental water addition and liquid recirculation on anaerobic digestion of food waste was evaluated by combining cyclic water recycle operations with batch mesophilic biochemical methane potential (BMP) assays. Cyclic BMP assays indicated that using an appropriate fraction of recycled leachate and fresh make up water can stimulate methanogenic activity and enhance biogas production. Conversely increasing the percentage of recycled leachate in the make up water eventually causes methanogenic inhibition and decrease in the rate of food waste stabilization. The decrease in activity is exacerbated as the number cycles increases. Inhibition is possibly attributed to accumulation and elevated concentrations of ammonia as well as other waste by products in the recycled leachate that inhibit methanogenesis. 相似文献
177.
Effect of thermal pretreatment on the physical and chemical properties of municipal biomass waste 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
The effects of thermal pretreatment on the physical and chemical properties of three typical municipal biomass wastes (MBWs), kitchen waste (KW), vegetable/fruit residue (VFR), and waste activated sludge (WAS) were investigated. The results show that thermal pretreatment at 175 °C/60 min significantly decreases viscosity, improves the MBW dewatering performance, as well as increases soluble chemical oxygen demand, soluble sugar, soluble protein, and especially organic compounds with molecular weights >10 kDa. For KW, VFR and WAS, 59.7%, 58.5% and 25.2% of the organic compounds can be separated in the liquid phase after thermal treatment. WAS achieves a 34.8% methane potential increase and a doubled methane production rate after thermal pretreatment. In contrast, KW and VFR show 7.9% and 11.7% methane decrease because of melanoidin production. 相似文献
178.
颜料,油墨废水物化,生化法综合治理技术 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文详细阐述了颜料油墨废水的物化,生化法综合治理技术在其在工程 的实际应用,针对该行业废水的特点,该技术可以有效去除水中的悬浮物,有机物,色度及有毒有害物质使出水达标排放。该工程于1998年正式投产运行,成为国内首例成功运转达标的颜料,油墨废水治理工程。 相似文献
179.
EGSB反应器处理米酒废水的启动方法研究 总被引:11,自引:3,他引:8
米酒厂废水由洗米、制曲用大豆蒸煮和酒蒸馏 3道工序中所排出的废水组成 ,是一种典型的高浓度有机废水。在采用EGSB反应器对其进行处理时 ,以处理啤酒废水的 UASB反应器中的颗粒污泥作为接种污泥可以实现快速启动。启动过程中 ,容积负荷的提高幅度以每次 2~ 3 kg COD/( m3· d)为宜 ,同时要保持出水的 p H维持在 8以上 ;为了防止酸化 ,应当适当地在进水中投加碱剂。采用 EGSB反应器在中温条件下处理该废水时 ,容积负荷可以达到 2 0 kg COD/( m3· d) ,COD去除率在 70 %以上。 相似文献
180.