ABR反应器处理低浓度废水的研究

对ABR反应器处理低浓度废水的效果及运行特性进行了研究。在中温(35±0.5℃),进水有机负荷为0.5～7.0kgCODCr/(m~3.d),HRT=3～12h,进水CODCr浓度分别为150,350,550和850mg/L时,CODCr去除率分别达50%,80%～87%,86%～92%和90%～95%,反应器出水CODCr浓度在70～90mg/L。研究表明,该反应器处理低浓度废水时,不仅具有良好的处理效果,而且运行稳定。     

载体好氧预挂膜处理对厌氧消化反应器启动的影响

研究了生物膜载体经好氧预挂膜处理对厌氧附着膜膨胀床反应器 (AAFEB)启动的影响。载体经10天好氧预挂膜处理后的反应器比对照提前 15天完成启动。载体经好氧预挂膜处理的反应器中生物膜比对照反应器较早出现厌氧丝状菌 ,而且占据优势 ,而对照反应器则以球状细菌较多。前者厌氧颗粒污泥致密、结实 ,生物膜结构良好 ,滞留于反应器中的性能较佳 ,比后者较不易随水流失     

固定化甲烷八叠球菌(Methanosarcina)研究——厌氧颗粒污泥的形成

用实验室规模的UASB反应器处理豆制品废水培养厌氧颗粒污泥。通过对颗粒污泥形成过程中的产气率、进出水COD、水滞留期（HRT）、进出水挥发酸（乙酸、丙酸和丁酸）浓度、所产气体的甲烷含量等的变化分析和对颗粒污泥中优势产甲烷菌的扫描（SEM）和透射（TEM）电镜观察,阐明颗粒污泥的形成过程及特性。实验结果表明,消化器运转50d左右形成了颗粒污泥,厌氧颗粒污泥形成期间的平均产气率为5.3L/L·d,最高产气率达到了8.1L/L·d,进水和出水COD分别为3000～5500mg/L和800～3000mg/L,平均HRT为10.4h,平均出水乙酸、丙酸和丁酸浓度分别为264.1、519.8和104.6mg/L,所产气体的平均甲烷含量为60.6％,颗粒污泥为黑色,直径0.5～3.0mm不等,沉降速率为119.6m/h,其中的优势产甲烷菌为鬃毛甲烷菌（Methanosaeta）,而甲烷八叠球菌（Methanosarcina）存在甚少。     

Water quality soft-sensor prediction in anaerobic process using deep neural network optimized by Tree-structured Parzen Estimator

● Hybrid deep-learning model is proposed for water quality prediction. ● Tree-structured Parzen Estimator is employed to optimize the neural network. ● Developed model performs well in accuracy and uncertainty. ● Usage of the proposed model can reduce carbon emission and energy consumption. Anaerobic process is regarded as a green and sustainable process due to low carbon emission and minimal energy consumption in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). However, some water quality metrics are not measurable in real time, thus influencing the judgment of the operators and may increase energy consumption and carbon emission. One of the solutions is using a soft-sensor prediction technique. This article introduces a water quality soft-sensor prediction method based on Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Unit (BiGRU) combined with Gaussian Progress Regression (GPR) optimized by Tree-structured Parzen Estimator (TPE). TPE automatically optimizes the hyperparameters of BiGRU, and BiGRU is trained to obtain the point prediction with GPR for the interval prediction. Then, a case study applying this prediction method for an actual anaerobic process (2500 m³/d) is carried out. Results show that TPE effectively optimizes the hyperparameters of BiGRU. For point prediction of COD_eff and biogas yield, R² values of BiGRU, which are 0.973 and 0.939, respectively, are increased by 1.03%–7.61% and 1.28%–10.33%, compared with those of other models, and the valid prediction interval can be obtained. Besides, the proposed model is assessed as a reliable model for anaerobic process through the probability prediction and reliable evaluation. It is expected to provide high accuracy and reliable water quality prediction to offer basis for operators in WWTPs to control the reactor and minimize carbon emission and energy consumption.     

食品废弃物厌氧消化产乙酸的研究

通过实验,研究了pH、总固体浓度(TS)、碳氮比(C/N)对食品废弃物厌氧消化产乙酸的影响,详细考察了挥发性脂肪酸(VFA)的组成和浓度及乙酸浓度随时间的变化规律.结果表明,pH为6.5、TS为7%(质量分数)、C/N为16:1时,总VFA的最大质量浓度为31.56 g/L,乙酸的最大质量浓度为19.46 g/L.     

Enhanced anaerobic fermentation with azo dye as electron acceptor： Simultaneous acceleration of organics decomposition and azo decolorization

Accumulation of hydrogen during anaerobic processes usually results in low decomposition of volatile organic acids（VFAs）. On the other hand, hydrogen is a good electron donor for dye reduction, which would help the acetogenic conversion in keeping low hydrogen concentration. The main objective of the study was to accelerate VFA composition through using azo dye as electron acceptor. The results indicated that the azo dye serving as an electron acceptor could avoid H2 accumulation and accelerate anaerobic digestion of VFAs. After adding the azo dye, propionate decreased from 2400.0 to 689.5 mg/L and acetate production increased from 180.0 to 519.5 mg/L. It meant that the conversion of propionate into acetate was enhanced. Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis showed that the abundance of propionate-utilizing acetogens with the presence of azo dye was greater than that in a reference without azo dye. The experiments via using glucose as the substrate further demonstrated that the VFA decomposition and the chemical oxygen demand（COD） removal increased by 319.7 mg/L and 23.3% respectively after adding the azo dye. Therefore, adding moderate azo dye might be a way to recover anaerobic system from deterioration due to the accumulation of H2 or VFAs.     

用厌氧污泥抑制老化和膨胀污泥的试验

经生产性试验研究,投加厌氧污泥后,调整运行方案,能在2～3天内抑制老化和膨胀污泥。该方法经济、简便、有效,具有推广价值。     

Enhancement of biomethane production from cattle manure with codigestion of dilute acid pretreated lignocellulosic biomass

It is well known that dilute sulfuric acid pretreatment of the lignicellulosisc biomass is an effective approach used for the production of the ethanol. However, there are less studies on the biogas production from the pretreated lignocellulosics and hardly data available on the codigestion of cattle manure with the pretreated lignocellulosisc material. The aim of this study was to evaluate biomethane production potential of codigestion of cattle manure with dilute acid pretreated lignocellulosic biomass. Sugarcane bagasse and rice husk was pretreated with dilute sulfuric acid or phosphoric acid at 121°C for 20 minutes and subsequently subjected to anaerobic digestion alone or codigested with cattle manure.

The results showed that codigestion of 1% phosphoric acid pretreated rice husk with cattle manure led to the highest methane production of 115 Nmlg^?1VS while monodigestion of cattle manure and phosphoric acid pretreated rice husk produced 98 and 87 Nmlg^?1VS, respectively. An inhibition was observed in anaerobic digestion of sulfuric acid pretreated rice husk and sugarcane bagasse during monodigestion and codigestion with cattle manure.

The study concludes that dilute phosphoric acid pretreated lignocellulosics like sugarcane bagasse and rice husk can be used as a cosubstrate with cattle manure in anaerobic digestion for enhanced methane production. Dilute sulfuric acid pretreatment, which is effective method for the bioethanol production, causes inhibition during anaerobic digestion of the pretreated lignocellulosics.     

厌氧条件下硝基苯降解的可行性研究

本文研究了在厌氧条件下硝基苯降解成低级产物甲烷等的可行性,对几种降解途径进行了热力学计算,通过计算和实验,得出硝基苯在厌氧条件下可以降解为甲烷等低级产物。     

厌氧—好氧生物滤池处理城镇污水的研究

厌氧－好氧高性能生物滤池是利用附着在塑料模块填料上的微生物系统对城镇污水中的污染物质进行降解处理。厌氧水解池和高负荷生物滤池采用的塑料模块填料具肮空隙率、高附着面积、高布水性能和抗堵塞的优异性能，使出无需回流。当厌氧水解池水力仪时间国４ｈ，生物滤澉水力负荷为３０ｍ＾３／（ｍ＾２．ｄ），城镇污水的ＣＯＤｃｒ去作率达７５％～８５％、ＢＯＤ５去除率达８５％、９５％，ＳＳ去除率达８５％～９０５％，处理后出