顺丁橡胶装置技术改造的环境保护设计

介绍了顺丁橡胶装置技术改造的环境保护设计和设计原则，以及污染物的治理措施。     

包钢三合明铁矿开发对生态环境的影响

《包钢三合明铁矿区西部异常区矿产资源开发利用工程》是以地下采矿和湿法磁选选矿为生产工艺流程的建设项目,本文根据工程项目的特性、建设内容、生态影响识别,结合工程厂址周围环境特征,重点分析了工程建设期、运营期对周围生态环境的影响,并提出相应防治对策。     

Strong effects of various incidence and observation angles on spectrometric assessment of plumage colouration in birds

The assessment of plumage colouration has become a common procedure in many ornithological studies, especially after the discovery of differences between avian and human visual systems, namely the avian ability to perceive ultraviolet wavelengths. There are many techniques available for plumage colour assessment. Nevertheless, unidirectional reflectance spectrometry seems actually to be the method of choice and is used in most studies. The active avian visual communication skills, the physical characteristics of the plumage surface and the birds’ body shape prompted us to study plumage colouration with different angles of incidence and observation by bidirectional reflectance spectrometry. In this study, we explore the effect of different angles of incidence and observation, on a single plane of incidence, on the reflectance spectrometric assessment of five differently coloured body regions of the blue fronted Amazon parrot (Amazona aestiva). Measurements were made using a AVS-USB2000 spectrometer with a DH-2000 light source and two different reflection probes (bifurcated fibre optic probe and a specially designed fibre holder). The results of this study illustrate clear angle dependence of colour parameters in differently coloured non-iridescent plumage regions of the blue fronted Amazon parrot. Our results may have direct implications on the observed transmitted information of display and its associated predation risk (trade-off) in birds, but also in other animals. Moreover, the results show that unidirectional reflectance spectrometry alone may be a rather limited procedure to quantify and compare true colour of a complex surface such as birds’ plumage. Therefore, slight but behavioural important characteristics of plumage pattern may remain undiscovered with this method.     

废水处理设施设计参数的探讨

从废水治理设施设计标准方面对水处理工艺出水不达标的原因进行了分析，结果表明，在考虑废水治理设施可靠性的条件下，设计参数取值低于国家排放标准才能满足水处理的要求。     

A new index for assessing the contribution of energy efficiency in LEED 2009 certified green buildings to achieving UN sustainable development goals in Jordan

Jordan faces stringent energy challenges mainly in the form of import dependence and escalating demand. The building sector accounts for 58% of total national electricity consumption and therefore plays an important role in addressing these challenges. This article investigates how energy efficiency in green buildings certified by the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) rating system contribute towards achieving United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Jordan. Furthermore, this paper proposes a new Comprehensive Contribution to Sustainable Development Index (CCSDI) to assess the contributions of implementation of the LEED 2009 prerequisites and credits in the Energy and Atmosphere (EA) category to achieve UN SDGs in Jordan. Questionnaire surveys were conducted to obtain data. Relative Importance Index (RII) method was used to evaluate the contributions of LEED 2009 prerequisites and credits in the EA category. Results indicate a positive relationship between the LEED 2009 prerequisites and credits in category and UN SDGs 7?9 and 12?13. We conclude that our proposed CCSDI is a robust tool for assessing the contribution of energy efficiency in LEED 2009 certified green buildings towards achieving UN SDGs in Jordan.     

Waste activated sludge hydrolysis and acidification: A comparison between sodium hydroxide and steel slag addition

Alkaline treatment with steel slag and NaOH addition were investigated under different pH conditions for the fermentation of waste activated sludge. Better performance was achieved in steel slag addition scenarios for both sludge hydrolysis and acidification. More solubilization of organic matters and much production of higher VFA (volatile fatty acid) in a shorter time can be achieved at pH 10 when adjusted by steel slag. Higher enzyme activities were also observed in steel slag addition scenarios under the same pH conditions. Phosphorus concentration in the supernatant increased with fermentation time and pH in NaOH addition scenarios, while in contrast most phosphorus was released and captured by steel slag simultaneously in steel slag addition scenarios. These results suggest that steel slag can be used as a substitute for NaOH in sludge alkaline treatment.     

Sustainable design for automotive products: Dismantling and recycling of end-of-life vehicles

The growth in automotive production has increased the number of end-of-life vehicles (ELVs) annually. The traditional approach ELV processing involves dismantling, shredding, and landfill disposal. The “3R” (i.e., reduce, reuse, and recycle) principle has been increasingly employed in processing ELVs, particularly ELV parts, to promote sustainable development. The first step in processing ELVs is dismantling. However, certain parts of the vehicle are difficult to disassemble and use in practice. The extended producer responsibility policy requires carmakers to contribute in the processing of scrap cars either for their own developmental needs or for social responsibility. The design for dismantling approach can be an effective solution to the existing difficulties in dismantling ELVs. This approach can also provide guidelines in the design of automotive products. This paper illustrates the difficulty of handling polymers in dashboards. The physical properties of polymers prevent easy separation and recycling by using mechanical methods. Thus, dealers have to rely on chemical methods such as pyrolysis. Therefore, car designers should use a single material to benefit dealers. The use of materials for effective end-of-life processing without sacrificing the original performance requirements of the vehicle should be explored.     

Application of digital technologies about water network in steel industry

To improve the efficiency of water use and reuse, a digitalized water network system was implemented in a steel industrial complex. The system consisted of four parts: online instrument and sensing devices, programmable logic controller, data communication network and control center based on expert knowledge. The system achieved real-time monitoring, diagnosis, and early warning of cooling water system using data collected inline, and enabled data connectivity and transmission of self-developed software applications on personal computer. This research used a steel enterprise as a case study. After the analysis of its cooling water system and water-saving potential using water balance test, a digitalized water network was evaluated and implemented, and we believe this network can be suitable for steel industry in general.     

Long-term sustainability of metal immobilization by soil amendments: Cyclonic ashes versus lime addition

A soil column leaching experiment was used to gain insight into the long-term metal immobilization capacity of cyclonic ashes (CAH) compared to lime (LIME). Twenty six years of rainfall were simulated. Initially, all amended soils were brought to an equal soil pH. This was done to obtain optimal conditions for the detection of metal immobilization mechanisms different from just a pH effect. During the simulation period, soil pH in all treatments decreased in parallel. However, the evolution of metal mobility and phytoavailability showed a clearly distinct pattern. The strong reduction in metal immobilizing efficiency observed in the lime treatment at the end of the simulation period was much less pronounced, or even absent, in the CAH treatments. Moreover, metal accumulation in plants grown on the CAH amended soil was significantly lower compared to the untreated and the lime treated soil. CAH + SS treatment delivered the strongest reductions in metal mobility and bioavailability.     

关于大型商贸市场消防安全设计的探讨

借鉴国内外消防安全设计成功经验,跟踪国际火灾科学研究,探求一种适用于大型商贸市场的消防安全设计。以具体实例为对象,详细分析了该类建筑的建筑特点及火灾的危险性,采用了非常规性的消防安全设计理念,以满足大型商贸市场的现代化经营方式及消防安全的需要,其阐述和讨论结果可为进一步进行消防安全设计提供参考。