高真空击密法在京唐港首钢码头地基处理中的应用

高真空击密法是指通过真空排水-击密多遍循环,从而对淤泥粉质黏土进行地基处理的一种方法。通过工程实例,介绍了高真空击密法在京唐港首钢码头有限公司矿石、原辅料及成品泊位地基处理工程中的具体应用,并通过高真空击密法检测试验确定了地基处理施工参数,经处理后的地基增加了土体的密实度,表层形成了固结硬壳层,完成了大部分工前沉降,且地基承载力超过150kPa,能满足工程建设的要求。表明该地基处理方法在本工程中的应用是成功的,对类似工程具有重要的借鉴和推广意义。     

试音室建筑声学缺陷查找及音质改造工程案例分析

对某试音室进行建筑声学测试、体验,对存在的颤动回声、低频共振等建筑声学缺陷及问题进行分析,在此基础上,根据试音室的功能使用需求,提出建筑声学音质改造方案,以此为例阐明了建筑声学缺陷的查找和修正方法。     

太钢“十一五”污染减排工作

近几年,我国钢铁工业发展很快,但是,钢铁产业长期粗放发展积累的矛盾日益突出。除了产能过剩、产业集中度低、创新能力不强、资源控制力弱等问题外,更为突出的矛盾是钢厂的发展越来越受到环境容量、能源资源等因素的严重制约。如何颠覆传统的"高耗能、高污染"发展方式,走出一条钢厂和谐发展的绿色之路,是实现可持续发展所面临的重大难题。     

生命周期设计用于产品环境要求设计初探

产品的生命周期设计是在可持续发展要求的推动下,为既能降低产品对环境的影响又能满足用户的需要而提出的。它是将综合预防污染和节约资源的战略用于产品的设计中,以开发更生态的、经济的、可持续发展的产品体系。文中着重分析了产品生命周期设计的基本框架、设计策略和设计要求,并在此基础上探讨了如何推行产品的生命周期设计。      

响应面法优化海洋细菌MP-2酯酶发酵条件

采用响应面法(Response surfsce methodology)对海洋细菌MP-2酯酶的发酵条件进行了优化.首先采用了Placken-Burman方法对影响酯酶发酵的因素进行评价,筛选出了3个显著因素为豆饼粉、花生粕和种龄,并利用DesignExpert 7.0.3软件完成RSM法对显著性因素的进一步优化从而确定最佳条件.当花生粕0.9%;豆饼粉2.29%;接种量5·98%时,此时预测的最大酯酶活力为334.46 U/mL.在最佳发酵条件下,优化后该酯酶活力由258.8 U/mL提高到318.2 U/mL.实际酶活力达到理论预测值的95%,十分接近.     

油菜秸杆外壳对水溶液中六价铬的吸附作用

为探讨油菜秸秆外壳去除水溶液中重金属铬的可能性及其影响因素,并研究其吸附性能和吸附机制.采用Box-Behnken Design实验设计研究了水溶液中六价铬[Cr(VI)]初始浓度、pH值范围、油菜秸秆外壳添加量和吸附温度4个因素对油菜秸秆外壳去除溶液中Cr(VI)的影响作用;用吸附等温方程、吸附动力学方程与热力学方程分别探讨了油菜秸秆外壳去除水溶液中Cr(VI)的行为;采用红外光谱技术对油菜秸秆外壳吸附水溶液Cr(VI)前后进行表征,探讨其吸附机制.油菜秸秆外壳去除溶液中Cr(VI)的最佳条件组合为:在吸附时间为1440min时,Cr(VI)初始浓度为99.15mg/L、pH值为1.01、油菜秸秆外壳添加量为2.90g/L和吸附温度35.70℃,Cr(VI)去除率为91.97%;吸附等温线拟合,吸附Cr(VI)行为符合Freundlich方程,为优惠吸附;热力学研究表明:溶液中Cr(VI)吸附属吸热反应,且为自发吸附行为;吸附动力学显示:油菜秸秆外壳去除溶液Cr(VI)符合准二阶动力学方程,吸附过程中存在离子交换;红外光谱提示:吸附过程中,O—H、C—H、NH3+、N—H和C—O基团与Cr(VI) 络合吸附发挥了重要作用.油菜秸秆外壳能够有效吸附水溶液中的Cr(VI),pH值是最为重要的影响因素.     

Shake table study of annular baffles in steel storage tanks as sloshing dependent variable dampers

Aboveground steel storage tanks are widely utilized in industrial areas such as oil refineries, petrochemical complexes, oil depots, and etc. Assurance of these infrastructure facilities in high seismic areas is a very important engineering consideration. High amplitude fluid sloshing is one of the widespread causes of steel oil storage tanks during strong earthquakes addressed as an important failure mode. This phenomenon generates additional forces impacting the wall and roof of the tanks. Annular baffles can be used as slosh damping devises to control liquid sloshing within a tank. The main objective of this paper is experimental study of annular baffle effects as anti-sloshing damping devices to reduce fluid wave sloshing height in steel storage tanks typically used in oil and petrochemical complexes during an earthquake. Shake table tests have been used on a reduced scale model steel storage tank in two cases of with and without annular baffles. Three real earthquake ground motion records are used as input base motion. Based on the experimental test results, dynamic characteristics of studied tank models with different filling levels and different baffle dimensions and arrangements have been obtained and summarized in this paper. Also, sloshing heights and convective mode damping values are determined from the test results and compared with API650 code recommendations and recommended equations by other researchers. Generally, the results of this study indicate significant effects of the annular baffles in reducing the fluid wave sloshing height as sloshing dependent variable dampers.     

A design method of a plant alarm system for first alarm alternative signals using a modularized CE model

Management of a plant alarm system has been identified as one of the key safety issues because of disasters caused by alarm floods. When a chemical plant is at abnormal state, an alarm system must provide useful information to operators as the third layer of an independent protection layer (IPL). Therefore, a method of designing a plant alarm system is important for plant safety. Because the plant is maintained in the plant lifecycle, the alarm system for the plant should be properly managed through the plant lifecycle. To manage changes, the design rationales of the alarm system should be explained explicitly. This paper investigates a logical and systematic alarm system design method that explicitly explains the design rationales from know-why information for proper management of changes through the plant lifecycle. In the method, the module structure proposed by Hamaguchi et al. (2011) to assign a fault origin to be distinguished is extended. Using modules to investigate the sets of alarm sensors and the alarm limits setting for first alarm alternative signals to distinguish the fault origin, an alarm system design method is proposed. Also, the completeness of fault propagation for a branch of the cause–effect model as the plant model is explained. Using the modules and the set of fault origins to be distinguished by the alarm system, we try to explicitly explain the design rationales of the alarm system.     

试样放置角度与外加辐射强度对可碳化固体表面火蔓延的影响

选取了尺寸为400mm×90mm×3mm质地较为均匀的白木作为研究对象,对不同试样放置角度和不同外加辐射强度作用下的火焰高度、火蔓延速率和失重速率等火蔓延参数进行了测量,以研究试样放置角度和辐射强度对可炭化固体表面火蔓延的作用规律。研究发现,试样表面的火蔓延速率随辐射强度的增加而增加。当角度在负角度范围内时,角度的变化对火蔓延速率的影响不大,当角度在正角度范围内时,火蔓延速率随着角度的增加而迅速上升。试样失重速率随着辐射强度以及试样放置角度的增加而增加。火焰高度会随着外加辐射强度的增加而增加,并与试样失重速率的0.4次方呈正比关系。     

最小生成树法在环境背景值识别中的应用

本文用最小生成树法解决环境中的聚类分析问题。该法用x~2距离系数矩阵描述样本变量间的相似关系,同时用Kruskal法构造最小生成树,最后以分类图的形式给出分类结果。