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771.
热带气旋影响下的电网应急案例框架构建研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在我国电网防灾抗灾体系中,因风灾等自然灾害影响具有持续性,造成应急准备阶段对灾害演变过程认知不足而引发响应阶段抢修故障。热带气旋是导致电网破坏严重的自然灾害之一,近些年发生率高于以往同期。风灾是阶段变化的,情景又是动态演变的。针对热带气旋的影响,考虑其不同影响阶段构建应急案例,可在应急响应行动过程,有效准确的面对风灾特性而带来的抢修故障。提出电网风灾的案例框架构建方法,并结合风灾的特点进行框架分类,可有效应对灾害的不确定性从而增加案例可用度。同时对风灾案例库建设、抗台演习演练与实际应对三种目的下的案例进行属性约简,依热带气旋演变,将案例个体拆分化采取逐步多次检索生成可行预案,从而提高响应效率。 相似文献
772.
The institutional structure and public service delivery apparatus required to meet the future effects of climate change already exist in Norway. However, there are huge challenges in coordinating these institutions at different authority levels for climate change adaptation purposes. Based upon a broad case study, this article presents how local actors consider the multi-level coordination of different levels of government and policy sectors to function today, which are the mechanisms that are used and what are the coordination challenges that are identified. Based upon the challenges revealed, this article discusses how best can the government-level institutions be organised for better goal attainment. We argue here that the elected regional level in Norway – the counties – has a huge potential to act as a multi-level coordination actor. 相似文献
773.
Lanbo Liu 《Water, Air, & Soil Pollution: Focus》2006,6(1-2):17-34
Forward modeling of borehole radar data for a series of synthetic discrete-fracture network (DFN) models provides a conceptual
framework for interpreting experimental field data at fractured rock sites. A finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) radar wave
propagation model was developed for this purpose. Synthetic examples demonstrate the utility of single-hole reflection-mode
and cross-hole transmission-mode borehole radar for (1) identification of fracture location and orientation, and (2) identification
of fracture pore-fluid properties, which might change as a result of tracer tests or flooding exercises in support of resource
development or site remediation. A two-dimensional, synthetic DFN was generated statistically based on hypothetical distributions
of fracture length, orientation, aperture, permeability, and inter-connectivity. The DFN includes a zone of permeable fractures
embedded within a network of lower-permeability fractures and a low-permeability rock matrix. We modeled the unconnected and
non-permeable fractures as being filled with freshwater. To simulate tracer experiments, contaminant releases, or engineered-remediation
processes, we considered alternately the inter-connected, permeable fractures to be filled with freshwater air, or saline
water (tracer). Synthetic radar data sets for both single-hole reflection and cross-hole transmission modes were generated.
The features in synthetic radargrams were then examined and compared to the DFN model to evaluate the likelihood of identifying
fracture location, orientation, and pore fluid in field situations. This comparison demonstrates that (1) the replacement
of freshwater with saline water in permeable fractures generally increases the amplitude of reflections from permeable, connected
fractures; and (2) in general, radar reflection-mode data contains more information about fracture properties than transmission-mode
data. 相似文献
774.
RBF神经网络在土壤重金属污染评价中的应用 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
运用MATLAB软件的K均值聚类算法结合神经网络工具箱,通过建立RBF神经网络对郑汴路圃田—杏花营段路旁土壤进行了评价。结果表明,土壤重金属积累峰值污染峰值多出现在距路基50m范围以内,并随着距路基距离的增加,污染程度逐渐下降。风力因素和邻近铁路对路段两侧土壤重金属污染影响较大,且公路运营时间越早,对两侧土壤污染越严重。杏花营断面土壤质量以Ⅱ级为主,北侧断面土壤质量多为Ⅲ级。圃田断面各样点综合评价结果均为Ⅱ级,整体质量优于杏花营断面。RBF神经网络评价方法具有计算速度快,评价结果客观等优点。 相似文献
775.
基于综合主成分及径向基网络的环境质量评价 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
运用综合主成分分析对监测数据进行处理,集成径向基函数人工神经网络(RBF-ANN),参考国家环境质量评价标准设定RBF的学习样本,从而构建区域环境质量综合评价模型,对安徽省合肥市新站综合开发试验区进行环境质量综合评价。实例分析结果表明,运用综合主成分法可以精准的统计出一个区域的环境综合数据,而且在matlab环境下运用RBF-ANN模型既可以准确,客观的评定环境质量的等级,又可以表现其环境污染的具体程度,能在同一评价等级内对不同环境质量的评价对象进行更加细微的污染程度的比较。结果表明,合肥市新站综合开发试验区环境综合质量介于轻度污染和中度污染的标准极限值之间,属于中度污染。 相似文献
776.
An adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system was used for classifying water quality status of river. It applied several physical and
inorganic chemical indicators including dissolved oxygen, chemical oxygen demand, and ammonia-nitrogen. A data set (nine weeks,
total 845 observations) was collected from 100 monitoring stations in all major river basins in China and used for training and validating
the model. Up to 89.59% of the data could be correctly classified using this model. Such performance was more competitive when
compared with artificial neural networks. It is applicable in evaluation and classification of water quality status. 相似文献
777.
778.
随着科技的发展和城市建设速度的加快,电磁污染的问题已经越来越受到各界的重视与关注。该文首先介绍了时域有限差分法的基本概念,并建立了基于时域有限差分法计算的数学模型,然后针对城市电磁环境的特点,从电磁污染产生的根源和电磁干扰的种类入手进行研究,对电磁污染的监测方式进行了讨论,在此基础上,给出了一种基于GPS定位技术和GPRS无线传输技术的城市电磁环境网络监测系统的构想,并对系统结构及其所实现的功能进行了讨论。 相似文献
779.
780.
Haifeng JIA Wei WEI Kunlun XIN 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering in China》2008,2(1):57-62
Water shortage is one of the major water related problems for many cities in the world. The planning for utilization of reclaimed
water has been or would be drafted in these cities. For using the reclaimed water soundly, Beijing planned to build a large
scale reclaimed water pipe networks with multi-sources. In order to support the plan, the integrated hydraulic model of planning
pipe network was developed based on EPANET supported by geographic information system (GIS). The complicated pipe network
was divided into four weak conjunction subzones according to the distribution of reclaimed water plants and the elevation.
It could provide a better solution for the problem of overhigh pressure in several regions of the network. Through the scenarios
analysis in different subzones, some of the initial diameter of pipes in the network was adjusted. At last the pipe network
planning scheme of reclaimed water was proposed. The proposed planning scheme could reach the balances between reclaimed water
requirements and reclaimed water supplies, and provided a scientific basis for the reclaimed water utilization in Beijing.
Now the scheme had been adopted by Beijing municipal government. 相似文献