粉煤灰电石渣用作金属废渣和酸性铬污泥的稳定/固化剂的试验研究

粉煤灰、电石渣与水泥存在着某些相似的理化性质 ,研究它们对金属废物和酸性铬污泥的稳定 /固化作用 ,实现以废治废将具有重要意义。本文通过试验研究证实了粉煤灰和电石渣对金属废渣有良好的稳定 /固化作用 ;对酸性铬污泥 ,电石渣有很好的稳定 /固化作用 ,二者完全可以替代水泥用作金属废渣和酸性铬污泥的固化剂。     

清河电厂河滩灰场植被重建技术的研究

阐述了电厂灰场植被覆盖技术的原理、实施方案和主要效益     

残留碳分选方法的现状及展望

描述了残留碳的形貌及特征 ,介绍了现有的各种残留碳分选方法 ,分别探讨了各种方法的优势及局限 ,并对残留碳分选方法的发展趋势进行了展望     

Experimental investigation of ash deposits on convection heating surfaces of a circulating fluidized bed municipal solid waste incinerator

Incineration of municipal solid waste(MSW) is a waste treatment method which can be sustainable in terms of waste volume reduction, as well as a source of renewable energy.During MSW combustion, increased formation of deposits on convection heating exchanger surfaces can pose severe operational problems, such as fouling, slagging and corrosion.These problems can cause lower heat transfer efficiency from the hot flue gas to the working fluid inside the tubes. A study was performed where experiments were carried out to examine the ash deposition characteristics in a full-scale MSW circulating fluidized bed(CFB) incinerator, using a newly designed deposit probe that was fitted with six thermocouples and four removable half rings. The influence of probe exposure time and probe surface temperature(500, 560, and 700℃) on ash deposit formation rate was investigated. The results indicate that the deposition mass and collection efficiency achieve a minimum at the probe surface temperature of 560℃. Ash particles are deposited on both the windward and leeward sides of the probe by impacting and thermophoretic/condensation behavior. The major inorganic elements present in the ash deposits are Ca,Al and Si. Compared to ash deposits formed on the leeward side of the probe,windward-side ash deposits contain relatively higher Ca and S concentrations, but lower levels of Al and Si. Among all cases at different surface temperatures, the differences in elemental composition of the ash deposits from the leeward side are insignificant.However, as the surface temperature increases, the concentrations of Al, Si, K and Na in the windward-side ash deposits increase, but the Ca concentration is reduced. Finally,governing mechanisms are proposed on the basis of the experimental data, such as deposit morphology, elemental composition and thermodynamic calculations.     

Towards zero industrial waste: Utilisation of brick dust waste in sustainable construction

Laboratory investigations were carried out to establish the potential utilisation of brick dust (BD) in construction. The dust is a waste material from the cutting of fired clay bricks. Currently, the disposal of the dust is a problem to the brick fabrication company, and hence an environmental pollution concern. The dust was stabilised either used on its own or in combination with Pulverised Fuel Ash (PFA), a by-product material from coal combustion. The traditional stabilisers of lime and/or Portland Cement (PC) were used as controls. The main aim was to use a sustainable stabiliser material, where these stabilisers were partially replaced with Ground Granulated Blastfurnace Slag (GGBS), a by-product material from steel manufacture. Compacted cylinder test specimens were made at typical stabiliser contents and moist cured for up to 56 days prior to testing for compressive and California Bearing Ratio (CBR) strength tests, and to linear expansion during moist curing and subsequent soaking in water. The results obtained showed that partial substitution of the dust with PFA resulted in stronger material compared to using it on its own. The blended stabilisers achieved better performance. These results suggest technological, economic as well as environmental advantages of using the brick dust and similar industrial by-products to achieve sustainable infrastructure development with near zero industrial waste.     

粉煤灰吸附含镍废水的研究

采用EDTA滴定法以热电厂废弃物粉煤灰为吸附剂,对含镍废水进行了吸附研究,模拟测定了影响粉煤灰吸附工业废水中重金属离子的几种因素。结果表明:低温,高的镍离子浓度,粉煤灰颗粒细、数量多能提高粉煤灰的吸附效能。同时这种方法简便,成本低廉,能达到以废治废的目的。     

结合实际浅谈乌海市火电项目脱硫方式的选取与发展方向

本文针对乌海市火电行业的特点，通过对国内外烟气脱硫工艺的分析、对比，结合乌海市本地资源特点及目前乌海市存在的固废种类，选择适合本地的烟气脱硫方式，并本着就地取材、以废治废的原则，提出火电厂使用本厂粉煤灰治理本厂锅炉烟气二氧化硫的设想。同时就乌海市实现以废治废提出了几点建议。     

垃圾焚烧飞灰浸出液中铅的检测方法对比及干扰排除

采用HJ/T 300-2007醋酸缓冲溶液法对飞灰样品进行毒性浸出,对浸出液中的铅含量分别采用火焰原子吸收分光光度法(AAS)、电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-AES)、电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)3种方法进行检测对比。结果表明:AAS和ICP-AES测试时浸出液中含量1%的钙对铅产生严重干扰,使测定结果偏高5倍以上。干扰程度与钙浓度呈正比;ICP-MS测试结果准确度高,基本无干扰、并对干扰排除方法进行了介绍。     

A comparative study on sorption of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) by chars, ash and carbon nanotubes

Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), as one of emerging contaminants, has been attracting increasing concerns in recent years. Sorption of PFOS by maize straw- and willow-derived chars (M400 and W400), maize straw-origin ash (MA) as well as three carbon nanotubes (CNTs) was studied in this work. The sorption kinetics of PFOS by the six adsorbents was well fitted by the pseudo-second-order model. CNTs reached equilibrium in 2 h, much faster than those by chars (384 h) and ash (48 h). According to the sorption isotherms, both single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) and MA had high sorption capacities (over 700 mg g⁻¹), while the two chars had low sorption capacities (below 170 mg g⁻¹) caused by their small BET surface area. In the case of MA, due to its positively charged surface, both hydrophobic interaction and electrostatic attraction involved in the sorption, and the formation of hemi-micelles further favored the sorption. This study suggested that SWCNT and MA were effective adsorbents for PFOS removal from water. Compared to SWCNT, MA is low cost and easy to obtain, so it could be a preferred adsorbent for PFOS removal.