全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2448篇 |
免费 | 130篇 |
国内免费 | 565篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 276篇 |
废物处理 | 62篇 |
环保管理 | 314篇 |
综合类 | 1259篇 |
基础理论 | 288篇 |
污染及防治 | 547篇 |
评价与监测 | 293篇 |
社会与环境 | 76篇 |
灾害及防治 | 28篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 62篇 |
2022年 | 75篇 |
2021年 | 92篇 |
2020年 | 98篇 |
2019年 | 59篇 |
2018年 | 78篇 |
2017年 | 67篇 |
2016年 | 81篇 |
2015年 | 121篇 |
2014年 | 131篇 |
2013年 | 133篇 |
2012年 | 145篇 |
2011年 | 192篇 |
2010年 | 173篇 |
2009年 | 187篇 |
2008年 | 170篇 |
2007年 | 181篇 |
2006年 | 145篇 |
2005年 | 106篇 |
2004年 | 87篇 |
2003年 | 101篇 |
2002年 | 99篇 |
2001年 | 75篇 |
2000年 | 90篇 |
1999年 | 67篇 |
1998年 | 62篇 |
1997年 | 62篇 |
1996年 | 28篇 |
1995年 | 43篇 |
1994年 | 32篇 |
1993年 | 13篇 |
1992年 | 22篇 |
1991年 | 9篇 |
1990年 | 8篇 |
1989年 | 5篇 |
1988年 | 4篇 |
1987年 | 4篇 |
1986年 | 3篇 |
1985年 | 4篇 |
1984年 | 6篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1981年 | 4篇 |
1980年 | 2篇 |
1979年 | 3篇 |
1977年 | 2篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
1975年 | 1篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
1972年 | 1篇 |
1971年 | 4篇 |
排序方式: 共有3143条查询结果,搜索用时 46 毫秒
781.
Mark T. Anderson Clifford L. Hawkes 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1985,21(3):499-505
The water from 34 strip mine and 9 livestock water impoundments on the Northern Great Plains was analyzed. In all areas the water was classified as slightly brackish or saline. The dominant ion sequence for the study ponds was Na>Ca>Mg>K and SO4HCO3CO3Cl, which differs from most freshwater by the transposition of Na and SO4. Even though mean concentrations of total filterable residue were consistently greater in strip mine ponds, statistically significant differences were not found at the p ≤ 0.05 level between strip ponds and livestock ponds. The macronutrients of nitrogen and phosphorus found in the ponds were neither limiting to primary productivity nor excessive for fresh water. Many ponds contain turbid water. Turbidity restricts light penetration and limits photosynthesis besides making the ponds visually unattractive. The source of water for the pond, whether surface runoff or groundwater, seems to have important bearing on turbidity. The most appropriate use of these strip mine ponds is for waterfowl, warm-water fisheries, and other wildlife associated with prairie wetlands. However, even these uses are jeopardized by detrimental concentrations of trace elements in the water (Anderson and Hawkes, 1984). 相似文献
782.
The governments of British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Northwest Territories, and Canada held joint consultations in 1980 to review the available information on acid rain from Western and Northern Canada. It was concluded that acid rain might become a problem in the future and, hence, a research, monitoring, and management strategy for acidic deposition was needed. An overview of the joint governments' management strategy, organization of research and monitoring programs, and accomplishments to date are discussed in this article.The authors are members of the Technical Committee for the Long Range Transport of Atmospheric Pollutants (LRTAP)/Acid Deposition in Western and Northern Canada, and represent Alberta and British Columbia, respectively. 相似文献
783.
Eutrophication of Buttermilk Bay,a cape cod coastal embayment: Concentrations of nutrients and watershed nutrient budgets 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Nutrient concentrations in Buttermilk Bay, a coastal embayment on the northern end of Buzzards Bay, MA, are higher in the nearshore where salinities are lower. This pattern suggests that freshwater sources may contribute significantly to nutrient inputs into Buttermilk Bay. To evaluate the relative importance of the various sources we estimated inputs of nutrients by each major source into the watershed and into the bay itself. Septic systems contributed about 40% of the nitrogen and phosphorus entering the watershed, with precipitation and fertilizer use adding the remainder. Groundwater transported over 85% of the nitrogen and 75% of the phosphorus entering the bay. Most nutrients entering the watershed failed to reach the bay; uptake by forests, soils, denitrification, and adsorption intercepted two-thirds of the nitrogen and nine-tenths of the phosphorus that entered the watershed. The nutrients that did reach the bay most likely originated from subsoil injections into groundwater by septic tanks, plus some leaching of fertilizers.Buttermilk Bay water has relatively low nutrient concentrations, probably because of uptake of nutrients by macrophytes and because of relatively rapid tidal flushing. Annual budgets of nutrients entering the watershed showed a low nitrogen-to-phosphorus ratio of 6, but passage of nutrients through the watershed raised N/P to 23, probably because of adsorption of PO4 during transit. The N/P ratio of water that leaves the watershed and presumably enters the bay is probably high enough to maintain active growth of nitrogenlimited coastal producers. There is a seasonal shift in N/P in the water column of Buttermilk Bay. N/P exceeded the 161 Redfield ratio during midwinter; the remainder of the year N/P fell below 161. This suggests that annual budgets do not provide sufficiently detailed data with which to interpret nutrient-limitation of producers. Further, some idea of water turnover is also needed to evaluate impact of loading rates. Urbanization of watersheds seems to increase loadings to nearshore environments, and to shift the nutrient loadings delivered to coastal waters to relatively high N-to-P ratios, potentially stimulating growth of nitrogen-limited primary producers. 相似文献
784.
Kent M. McGregor Glen A. Marotz Donald O. Whittemore 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1988,24(1):43-48
ABSTRACT: Drought affects the quality of ground water in certain aquifers used by municipalities in Kansas. Water quality changes occur as a function of the amount of water available for recharge and hence to dilute more mineralized ground waters. Several measures of meteorological drought, including the Palmer Index and Eagleman Aridity Index, were correlated with water quality data to determine the degree of association. Several locations showed sharp delinces in water quality as the drought progressed. These relationships can be used to predict possible variations in present and future well-water supplies in locations subject to drought induced water quality deterioration. 相似文献
785.
Frederick M. Fisher Kenneth L. Dickson John H. Rodgers Keith Anderson John Slocomb 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1988,24(5):1017-1026
ABSTRACT: A method to partition the variation in concentrations of water chemistry parameters in a river is described. The approach consists of fitting a family of curves for each chemical parameter. Each curve indicates the response of the parameter to river flow for a particular time period or location. An analysis of covariance is then used to identify statistically significant differences between curves. Such differences result largely from two factors: (1) the discharge of effluents and (2) river flow-concentration relationships. The deviations from the fitted curves indicate month-to-month variations unrelated to river flow that are controlled by factors such as temperature-related seasonal patterns. Underlying statistical assumptions are discussed with respect to water chemistry data. The technique is applied to a data set consisting of monthly samples of 22 water chemistry parameters from the Sulphur River of Texas and Arkansas. Several patterns of response to river flow and to two effluent discharges were revealed. 相似文献
786.
Effects of stream channelization on exports of nitrogen and phosphorus from north Carolina coastal plain watersheds 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Laura A. Yarbro Edward J. Kuenzler Patrick J. Mulholland Robert P. Sniffen 《Environmental management》1984,8(2):151-160
Nitrogen and phosphorus exports from channelizedstream watersheds were elevated over those from nearby natural swamp-stream watersheds. Nitrate exports were significantly greater from channelized-stream watersheds, and higher exports were attributed to faster groundwater drawdown, continual streamflow, and transformation of former floodplain to croplands following channelization. Exports of total organic nitrogen and total nitrogen were also significantly greater from channelized-stream watersheds. Differences in the exports of ammonium, filterable reactive phosphorus, and filterable unreactive phosphorus between the two watershed types were not detectable. Particulate phosphorus exports were significantly higher from channelized-stream watersheds, presumably because of greater erosion potential of nearby croplands and steep channel banks in the altered watersheds. The presence of nonpoint sources of pollution increased watershed exports of nutrients regardless of stream morphology. Examination of nutrient budgets for a portion of swamp floodplain at the base of one natural-stream watershed revealed that changes in local groundwater hydrology and stream morphology associated with channelization appeared to have greater effect on nutrient exports than simply the loss of bordering forested floodplain. 相似文献
787.
Fölster J Göransson E Johansson K Wilander A 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2005,102(1-3):389-403
Variation in water chemistry was studied in 80 lakes in southern Sweden. The lakes had forest dominated catchments. The length of the time series was 14 years. Synchrony was calculated as Pearsons product moment correlation coefficients for all combinations of lakes, i.e. 3160 lake-pairs. The chemical variables studied were non-marine sulphate (SO4
*), non-marine calcium (Ca*), absorbance and acid neutralising capacity (ANC). Statistically significant synchrony occurred in 93% of all lake-pairs for SO4
*, and between 58 and 67% for absorbance, Ca* and ANC. In 70% of all lake-pairs, the synchrony was \s>0.71 for SO4
*, which means that more than half of the variation in one lake could be explained by the variation in the other lake. For absorbance, Ca* and ANC, about 25% of the lake-pairs had a synchrony \s>0.71. The relatively high synchrony for SO4
* occurred during an overall downward trend in SO4
* concentration.The degree of synchrony in our study was at a level comparable to other studies in northern America and England. However, our study included lakes in a much larger area, with distances of up to 500 km between the lakes, while earlier studies were made on small lake districts with lakes located within approximately 50 km. In contrast to these earlier studies, there was no correlation between synchrony and distance, lake characteristics or catchment characteristics. However, when a small subset of 15 lakes in the southeast of Sweden was selected, such relations were found. 相似文献
788.
789.
790.
Physical, chemical and biological conditions at five stations on a small southeastern stream were evaluated using the Rapid Bioassessment Protocols (RBP) and the Sediment Quality Triad (SQT) to assess potential biological impacts of a municipal wastewater treatment facility (WWTF) on downstream resources. Physical habitat, benthic macroinvertebrates and fish assemblages were impaired at Stations 1 and 2 (upstream of the WWTF), suggesting that the degraded physical habitat was adversely impacting the fish and benthic populations. The SQT also demonstrated that Stations 1 and 2 were degraded, but the factors responsible for the impaired conditions were attributed to the elevated concentrations of polycylclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and metals (Mn, Pb) in the sediments. The source of contaminants to the upper reaches of the stream appears to be storm-water runoff from the city center. Increased discharge and stabilized base flow contributed by the WWTF appeared to benefit the physically-altered stream system. Although the two assessment procedures demonstrated biological impairment at the upstream stations, the environmental factors identified as being responsible for the impairment were different: the RBP provided insight into contributions associated with the physical habitat and the SQT contributed information on contaminants and sediment quality. Both procedures are important in the identification of physical and chemical factors responsible for environmental impairment and together they provide information critical to the development of appropriate management options for mitigation. 相似文献