高炉煤气干法布袋除尘技术的应用

高炉煤气干法布袋除尘技术是钢铁行业重要的综合节能环保技术之一,以其煤气净化质量高、节水、节电、投资省、运行费用低、环境污染小等优点,优于传统的湿法洗涤除尘工艺,是国家大力推广的清洁生产技术。本文以承德钢厂1260米3高炉干法布袋除尘技术为例,介绍了该技术的工艺流程及主要参数,对设计过程中要注意的几个问题进行了分析论述,同时对该技术进一步的发展方向提出了见解,并建议国家相关部门应大力推广和使用这一技术,使其在节约能源和环境保护的建设中发挥更大作用。     

西安市LUCC预测生态系统服务价值损失

人类活动作用于土地资源,使LUCC（土地利用／土地覆被变化）在全球环境变化过程中起主导作用,随着国际LUCC研究计划的进展,各国依据本国的实际情况开展研究。对西安市以往五年（2000-2004年）的土地利用基础数据开展调查统计分析,建立灰色系统动态GM（1,1）模型,预测2005—2010年西安市土地利用结构变化状况,尝试计算西安市土地生态系统服务价值损失（简称生态损失）,用一种直观经济指标-货币来反映这种生态损失。预测2010年西安市生态损失为331、84×10^6元。     

土地非农化生态价值损失估算

随着城镇化、工业化的快速推进,我国城乡建设用地快速扩展使农用地保护面临巨大挑战,从经济机制上防止土地过度非农化尤为重要.该文对土地非农化生态价值损失过程机制进行了理论探索,建立了价值损失估算方法,并以江汉平原为例进行案例分析.研究表明:单纯的市场机制没有考虑土地非农化造成的生态价值损失,无法实现土地资源最佳配置,非农化规模偏大;土地非农化生态价值损失巨大,1987-2010年江汉平原因此累计损失73 692.11万元,人均承担49.25元;不同类型土地的生态价值损失强度有所差异,每公顷的自然保留地、水域、林地、草地、耕地非农化价值损失分别为2.459 8万元/a,2.036 7万元/a,1.262 9万元/a,0.524 1万元/a,0.354 8万元/a.文章认为,发展与保护始终是土地资源优化配置必然要面对的难题,土地非农化是社会经济发展过程中的必然现象,也是一个土地生态服务功能不断减少和消亡的过程.土地非农化虽然在一定程度上提高了土地的经济效益和社会效益,但生态效益损失巨大,可能会导致总效益净减.土地过度非农化在很大程度上是由于传统市场体系仅部分考虑了土地的经济、社会功能,而几乎完全没有考虑其生态价值导致的.作为一类负外部性,土地非农化过程中的生态价值损失如果不能得到及时遏制,快速增长的城乡建设用地需求将使农地保护面临巨大威胁,这需要将生态价值纳入土地价值体系,计入征地成本,并在一定程度上提高现行土地价格体系的合理性,防止建设用地的过度扩张,减少生态价值损失.     

Socioeconomic study and economic value of living fossil,Lingula sp.in mangrove ecosystem in Trat Province,Thailand

This paper is the first recorded economic value of living fossil,an evaluation of the basic economic value of Lingula,based on the direct utilization of households for food and sale.Twenty-one local fishermen who collected Lingula in Trat Province were focused on by using interview questionnaires.The animal habitats are influenced by the encroachers’age,gender and harvest method.The total economic value in 2011 was around two million baht.Those who possess fishing gear and have more money can have greater access to the product The local communities in Nong Khunsong sub-district are successful in collecting the Lingula and in doing local business.The market channel analysis is conducted at local,provincial and national levels and short market chains are demonstrated in the form of a wholesale market in the Lingula trade.This represents significant consumption by the local communities.The study further recommends sustainable conservation and management efforts at a local scale.     

Formulation of criteria for pollution control on cement products produced from solid wastes in China

The process of producing cement products from solid waste can increase the level of pollutants in the cement products. Therefore, it is very important to establish a pollution control standard for cement products to protect the environment and human health. This paper presents acceptance limits for the availability of heavy metals in cement products which have been produced from solid wastes and explains how the limits have been calculated. The approach and method used to formulate these criteria were based on EN 12920. The typical exposure scenarios used in this paper involve concrete being used for drinking water supply pipelines and concrete pavements and are based on an analysis of typical applications of cement in China, and the potential for contact with water. The parameters of a tank test which was based on NEN 7375 were set in accordance with the environmental conditions of typical scenarios in China. Mechanisms controlling the release of heavy metals in concrete and a model for that release were obtained using the leaching test. Finally, based on acceptance criteria for drinking water and groundwater quality in China, limit values for the availability of heavy metals in concrete were calculated.     

基于TCM的旅游资源游憩价值评估——以世界文化遗产宏村为例

古村落是一种独特的人文旅游资源,对其游憩价值进行量化评估可为景区(点)的旅游开发和资源保护提供科学依据.基于问卷调查,利用经典的资源价值评估方法--旅行费用法对宏村古村落旅游资源2008年的国内游憩价值进行了核算,结果为23593.14万元,在此基础上对TCM的核算过程进行了评价.     

Examining Flood Frequency Distributions in the Midwest U.S.1

Villarini, Gabriele, James A. Smith, Mary Lynn Baeck, and Witold F. Krajewski, 2011. Examining Flood Frequency Distributions in the Midwest U.S. Journal of the American Water Resources Association (JAWRA) 47(3):447‐463. DOI: 10.1111/j.1752‐1688.2011.00540.x Abstract: Annual maximum peak discharge time series from 196 stream gage stations with a record of at least 75 years from the Midwest United States is examined to study flood peak distributions from a regional point of view. The focus of this study is to evaluate: (1) “mixtures” of flood peak distributions, (2) upper tail and scaling properties of the flood peak distributions, and (3) presence of temporal nonstationarities in the flood peak records. Warm season convective systems are responsible for some of the largest floods in the area, in particular in Nebraska, Kansas, and Iowa. Spring events associated with snowmelt and rain‐on‐snow are common in the northern part of the study domain. Nonparametric tests are used to investigate the presence of abrupt and slowly varying changes. Change‐points rather than monotonic trends are responsible for most violations of the stationarity assumption. The abrupt changes in flood peaks can be associated with anthropogenic changes, such as changes in land use/land cover, agricultural practice, and construction of dams. The trend analyses do not suggest an increase in the flood peak distribution due to anthropogenic climate change. Examination of the upper tail and scaling properties of the flood peak distributions are examined by means of the location, scale, and shape parameters of the Generalized Extreme Value distribution.     

基于土地利用的喀斯特地区生态系统服务功能价值评估——以贵州省为例

为探讨喀斯特地区生态系统服务功能价值特征,对贵州省生态系统服务功能价值进行评估,结果表明生态系统服务功能价值在2005、2010、2020年分别为1 610.43亿、2 357.86亿、4 328.89亿元.贵州省各类生态系统服务功能单价顺序为湿地>水体>森林>草地>农田>荒漠,其中湿地生态系统是荒漠生态系统服务功能价值的149.31倍.2005～2020年贵州省生态服务功能价值结构和土地利用结构以森林生态系统占绝对优势,各类型生态系统服务功能价值顺序为森林>农田>草地>水体>荒漠>湿地,各类型生态系统面积大小顺序为森林>农田>荒漠>草地>水体>湿地.2005、2010、2020年贵州省单位面积生态系统服务功能价值分别为9 142、13 385、24 573元/hm2.根据至2020年的土地利用规划,贵州省生态系统服务功能将持续增加.     

企业融资决策由于新会计准则而产生的影响因素分析

融资是企业筹集资金目前经常会运用的方式,企业融资就是指因为企业需要调整资本结构、生产经营管理、对外投资决策一系列活动希望通过金融机构和金融市场,运用适当的方式及手段获取所需资金的一种理财活动.企业获得资金转移信息的主要渠道是来自于会计领域,那么新企业会计准则制度的实施,必然有一些新的规定将对企业融资决策产生影响,此篇论文就将从这个角度探讨.