The effects of land use and its patterns on soil properties in a small catchment of the Loess Plateau

Due to relatively strong human activities in the hilly area of Loess Plateau,the natural vegetation has been destroyed,and landscape pattern based on agricultural land matrix was land use mosaic composing of shrub land,grassland,woolland and orchard.This pattern has an important effect on soil moisture and soil nutrients.The Danangou catchment,a typical small catchment,was selected to study the effects of land use and its patterns on soil moisture and nutrients in this paper.The results are as follows:The comparisons of soil moisture among seven land uses for wet year and dry year were performed:(1)the average of soil moisture content for whole catchment was 12.11% in wet year,while it was 9.37% in dry year;(2)soil moisture among seven land uses was significantly different in dry year,but not in wet year;(3) form wet year to dry year,the profile type of soil moisture changed from decreasing type to fluctuation-type and from fluctuant type to increasing type;(4)the increasing trend in soil moisture from the top to foot of hillslope occurred in simple land use along slope,while complicated distribution of soil moisture was observed in multiple land uses along slope.The relationships between soil nutrients and land uses and landscape positions were analysed:(1)five nutrient contents of soil organic matter(SOM),total N(TN),available N(AN),total P(TP) and available P(AP) in hilly area were lower than that in other areas.SOM content was less than 1%,TN content less than 0.07%,and TP fallow land and cropland,and higher level in soil fertility was found in crop-fruit intercropping land among croplands;(3)soil nutrient distribution and responses to landscape positions were variable depending on slope and the location of land use types.     

浅谈原子吸收分光光度计在环境监测中的应用

本文介绍了原子吸收分光光度计在环境监测中的应用情况和重要性。分析了原子吸收光度法（包括石墨炉法）与ICP-AES（电感偶合等离子体发射光谱法），原子荧光法，极谱法在分析元素时各自的优缺点，又从目前环境监测的角度阐述了应用原子吸收分光度计的重要性与现实性。分析了原子吸收分光广度计在使用中的常见问题及原子吸收分光广度法分析中常出现的问题（从仪器、方法角度分别讲述）。并提出了原子吸收分光度计要进一步应适应环境监测的需求。     

阜新市城区大气环境容量核算结果及其应用

根据大量模式化参数，通过核算，得出了阜新市城区普通空气污染物的环境容量，给出了城区各分区及每个网格的分解量，应用这些成果，将对老污染源及新工业项目的环境管理，发挥极其重要的作用，对阜新市的可持续发展战略有着重要意义。     

本溪市区环境空气质量现状及变化趋势

对本溪市的环境空气质量进行了监测分析，结果表明：本溪市环境空气中TSP超过国家环境空气质量二级标准，SO2、NOx、CO、降尘均符合二级标准。其中TSP、SO2、CO、降尘呈下降趋势，NOx变化不明显。     

长江船舶舱底水污染的危害及防治

介绍了舱底水的产生及危害。根据航行在长江上船舶的特点，分析了直接排放舱底水现象屡禁不绝的原因，并提出了防治污染的建议。     

浅议提高废水污染源监测数据代表性

对废水污染源监测中影响监测数据代表性的主要因素进行了分析,并对提高废水污染源监测数据代表性提出了可行性建议。     

家庭装修中的环保问题及预防措施

通过对我国室内空气污染现状的调查与对比,分析了我国室内空气污染的主要原因、特点和危害,提出了预防和治理室内空气污染的措施和方法.     

应用低温等离子体技术治理空气污染研究进展

低温等离子体技术在治理空气污染方面以其效率高、能耗低、适用范围广等特点而成为研究热点.本文介绍了低温等离子体的概念及分类,概述了国内外利用单一低温等离子体技术及其与吸附、催化协同、多性能颗粒混合物结合治理空气污染的最新进展,指出了存在的问题并讨论了今后的研究方向和应用前景.     

唐山市大气中多环芳烃污染现状研究

通过污染源调查和采集样品分析得出唐山市大气中多环芳烃污染现状，与国内外一些城市相比较，了解目前唐山市大气中多环芳烃污染水平。     

大理市生活垃圾焚烧处置初探

针对大理生活垃圾污染现状,提出采用高温焚烧方法处理大理市产生的城市生活垃圾的必要性,并用垃圾焚烧产生的热能发电.采取相应的措施防治燃烧过程中产生的污染物,可最终实现垃圾处理的减量化、无害化、资源化要求.