浅谈城市垃圾填埋场渗滤液的处理技术

城市垃圾渗滤液的处理是垃圾填埋场运行管理中非常重要的问题。文章介绍了垃圾渗滤液处理工艺的现状，并结合工程实例进行了分析比较，在此基础上提出了一些建议。     

浅谈生物化学需氧量质控考核

简要概述了在环境监测质量控制考核中,如何保证生物化学需氧量测定的可靠性和准确性.     

生化调控对白腐真菌处理染料废水脱色效果的影响研究

研究了白腐真菌处理染料废水过程中的培养液类型。初始pH值，废水的投加量，替代碳源和氮源类型。浓度及木素酶诱导物等生化调控措施及其效果。在优化调控条件下，HSU-13和云芝2种白腐真菌对实际活性染料废水的脱色率可以达到98%左右。在保证良好脱色效果的前提下，使用淀粉替代查氏培养液中的蔗糖可以降低碳源的费用；使用20mmol/L天冬酰胺和酒石酸铵替代查氏培养液中的硝酸钠可以明显提高脱色效果。说明2种白腐真菌对富氮条件的依赖性；投加丁香酸，Mn^2 和Cu^2 等酶的诱导物后可以显著提高脱色速度；苯甲醇在浓度较低（2mmol/L）时对云芝的脱色性能有一定促进作用。而浓度提高到8mmol/L后对云芝的脱色性能几乎没有影响。     

分散染料生产废水治理工艺的研究

采用微电解一生化一氧化法工艺处理分散染料生产废水，以微电解作为废水的预处理，可去除綮不水中大部分色度，使可生化性提高；生化处理可去除大部分ＣＯＤｃｒ；进一步去除色度和ＣＯＤｃｒ。实验结果表明，整个工艺ＣＯＤｃｒ增除率可达９０％，色度去除率可达９６％，取得满意较的效果。     

基于智能手机的环境监测光学传感器研究与应用进展

传统环境污染物生物化学分析技术通常依赖于实验室设备和专业的操作技术人员,限制了此类技术在环境应急等现场分析中的应用。以手机内置光学功能模块作为信号接收器的智能手机光学传感器,通过分析光信号可实现对目标物的定性或定量分析,其开发和应用是当前环境污染物现场快速生物化学分析检测领域的研究热点。综述了比色、荧光和化学发光3种智能手机环境监测光学传感器的传感原理、实现路径、监测指标、研究现状以及所面临的挑战,探讨了其在环境监测领域的典型应用,展望了未来的发展前景,以期为智能手机光学传感技术在环境监测领域的进一步发展提供参考。     

Photosynthesis and biochemical responses to elevated O3 in Plantago major and Sonchus oleraceus growing in a lowland habitat of northern China

A field experiment was carried out to compare the responses to ozone(O_3) in two common herbaceous plant species, Plantago major L. and Sonchus oleraceus L., by building open-top growth chambers in situ to simulate O_3stress(+ O_3, 85 ± 5 ppb, 9 hr/day for 30 days) in a lowland habitat in Inner Mongolia, Northern China. Responses to O_3 of gas exchange,chlorophyll a fluorescence, leaf pigment content, antioxidant capability, soluble protein content, membrane lipid peroxidation and dark respiration(R_d) were analyzed. Results showed that elevated O_3 exposure significantly reduced the light-saturated net photosynthesis(P_(Nsat)), stomatal conductance(g_s) and transpiration rate(E) in both species. Although non-significant interactive effect between species and O_3 on P_(Nsat) was analyzed, the reduction in P_(Nsat) in S. oleraceus might be due primarily to the higher fraction of close PSII reaction centers and impaired activities of plant mesophyll cells as evidences by decreased maximum efficiency of PSII photochemistry after dark adapted state(F_v/F_m) and unchanged intercellular CO_2concentration(C_i). Besides, biochemical analysis showed that S. oleraceus had lower antioxidant ability compared to P. major. As a result, S. oleraceus was damaged to the larger extent in terms of lipid peroxidation and visible O_3 injury, indicating that S. oleraceus was more sensitive to O_3 than P. major. Our results indicated that wild herbaceous plant species growing in a lowland habitat in sandy grassland were sensitive to O_3 stress and S. oleraceus can be considered as one of the bio-indicators for high O_3 concentration in semi-arid grassland of northern China.     

Biochemical constituents and bioaccumulation as biomarkers in the green mussel Perna viridis with reference to silver and chromium toxicity

The sublethal effect of silver and chromium on some biochemical constituents was studied in the green mussel Perna viridis. The results revealed an overall reduction in total protein, total DNA, total RNA, glycogen, protein bound sugars and total lipid in the gill, hepatopancreas, and ovary of the mussels exposed to metals individually and in combination when compared with control. It was apparent that mussels exposed to mixtures of metals exhibited highly significant (P?P?P?相似文献   

生化需氧量BOD5测定的简化法

通过对稀释法公式的推导得出简化法的公式，并与稀释法进行比较，结果表明，简化后的方法与稀释法无显著性差异，精密度，准确度较好。     

含藻河流中生化需氧重(BOD_5)水质模拟方法的研究

含丰富藻类的河流由于藻类的光合作用与呼吸作用导致水中的溶解氧变化十分复杂且昼夜的变幅很大。使生化需氧量BOD_5的模拟所需采用的BOD_5—DO耦合模型的求解十分困难。本文根据在绵远河与石亭江的实际研究中采用了罗宾斯模型并作了合理的简化。利用藻类在夜间只有呼吸作用的特点进行溶解氧平衡计算以确定模型参数。在水质模拟中对模拟值与实测值作了比较,可看出模拟精度较好,因此本方法是适用和可取的。     

电子厂打磨废水处理新技术的研究

电子厂磨废水含有较多的难降解的高分子打磨剂，废水可生化性极差。本文采用混凝土－缺氧－SBR工艺处理深圳某电子厂的打磨废水，原子CODcr在2000mg/L-4000mg/L之间，出水达到国家和广东省规定的一级排放标准，本研究成果为改造该类废水处理项目提供了科学依据和试验数据。