化学农药对土壤微生物的影响

农药的使用势必对土壤微生物产生影响，由于土壤中的微生物处在共生状态，而土壤中的很多物质分解是靠微生物来完成的，因此微生物受农药影响而发生的各种变化，都会对物质分解过程（如碳、氮循环），植物的生长发育，以及植物病理等产生影响。该文概述了农药对土壤微生物的６个方面影响，并提出了还需进一步研究的方向。     

生物早期警报系统在水和废水水质评价中的应用

生物监测是评价环境质量的重要手段，生物早期警报系统根据活生物对污染物的灵敏反应，快速确认污染事件，本文对生物早期警报系统的发展，设计与应用进行探讨。     

生物标志物

生物标志物技术是常规生物检测方法的必要补充，其在环境管理，风险性评价和生态恢复方面有着较广泛的应用，该文主要介绍了相对于常规生物检定方法而言，生物标志物所具备的优点，以及常用生物标志物的类型，生物标志物在环境保护领域的应用等     

Comparison of biomass production and biological nitrogen fixation of multi-species pastures (mixed herb leys) with perennial ryegrass-white clover pasture with and without irrigation in Canterbury, New Zealand

Legume-based pastures in Australasia are predominantly perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and white clover (Trifolium repens L.). These pastures have disadvantages such as limitations in the production and persistence of white clover and ryegrass in drought prone regions. With the increasing interest in organic agriculture, more complex pasture mixtures are seen as an alternative to the standard ryegrass-white clover (RWC) pasture. Although anecdotal evidence exists to support the benefits of alternative pastures, there is insufficient scientific evidence to support or refute these claims. The present study was conducted to compare three different alternative multi-species (mixed herb leys) (MSP) pastures with the standard RWC pasture with and without irrigation, in terms of biomass and biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) over a period of 1 year under field conditions in Canterbury, New Zealand. Isotopic dilution technique involving field ¹⁵N-microplots were used to measure BNF. Irrigation doubled dry matter yields (DMY) of all pastures compared with those under dryland. There was no significant difference between DMY of all pastures under dryland. However, under irrigation, MSP pastures out-yield RWC pasture in total and legume DMY. Red clover MSP produced significantly lower DMY than the comprehensive or lucerne MSP treatment, probably due to the ability of lucerne in extracting water from deeper soil depth. Seasonal changes in plant composition varied according to the species sown, soil moisture status and temperature. Total and seasonal amounts of N₂ fixed followed the same trend as the DMY and were related to the DMY of legumes. On average, about 26–34 kg N was fixed per tonne of legume DMY, showing a uniformity across all pastures. Overall, based on the present results of 1-year study, the MSP pastures tend to result in higher DMY, BNF and legume growth compared with that of the RWC pasture, provided irrigation is available. With increased BNF, these irrigated MSP pastures may provide high quality feed to grazing animals.     

生物技术处理废水的研究进展

随着经济的发展和人民生活水平的提高，所排放的废水日益增多，造成的环境危害也日趋严重。采用生物技术处理废水具有许多明显的优点。本文详细介绍了生物技术在废水处理中的应用进展及前沿动态。     

生物脱氮除磷工艺好氧区硝化功能的强化试验

在活性污泥法脱氮除磷工艺系统的好氧段投放高硬度聚乙烯悬浮小球作为生物载体，可以强化系统的硝肥功能，提高处理系统的脱氮除磷效率，同时避免产生填料间污泥结团。经两套试验装置的５种工况条件下平行对照试验结果表明：好氧区全池投放聚乙烯悬浮小球，装填密度在１０％￣１５％，ＴＫＮ去除率达９８．２％，ＴＮ去除率达到８６％，ＴＰ去除率达到９１％。     

生物—物理化学法处理制浆黑液的试验研究

采用酸中和—厌氧—好氧—生物活性炭或化学混凝综合法处理制浆黑液,探讨了酸中和处理的影响因素及厌氧处理对后段好氧处理的影响.结果表明:两种综合处理工艺对黑液中木质素及COD_(Cr)的去除有显著效果;厌氧处理比好氧处理对木质素的降解更为有利.     

生物污染

介绍了生的污染的概念和特点，着重讨论了造成生的污染主要因素，如引种，生物有机体的过度繁殖和扩张等，以及畜牧场污水，生物合成工厂废弃物等引起的生物污染。文章呼吁：在研究保护生物多样性整体计划时必须考虑到生物圈污染这一最大的理论问题：要加强移入种和本地种之间相互关系的生太研究；当今最迫切也是最复杂的研究方向是预测生态系统中由人类引起的变化。     

微电解-水解酸化-生物接触氧化工艺处理抗生素废水

详细介绍了预处理—水解酸化—生物接触氧化工艺在某制药厂抗生素废水处理上的应用，对其成功之处作了总结。     

印染废水处理工艺改造的实践与探讨

根据某印染废水的特点 ,在原有传统处理工艺的基础上进行了工艺改造 ,将调节池改为水解酸化池 ,将活性污泥曝气池改为接触氧化池 ,在池内形成了合理的微生物分布 ,大大地改善了出水水质 ,使 COD、SS、硫化物、色度的去除率分别提高了 2 2 %、10 %、36 .4%、2 5 %。既满足废水排放标准 ,又节约了土建资金。