复合生物法处理炼化污水厂恶臭气体

介绍了“生物洗涤+生物滴滤”的复合生物法在某炼化企业污水处理厂治理恶臭污染的工艺原理、技术流程、过程控制和实践效果,分析讨论生物处理装置运行影响因素。实践结果表明,复合生物技术对炼化企业污水处理厂恶臭治理具有较为理想的恶臭净化效果,其中硫化氢处理效率可达到98%,非甲烷总烃处理效率可达到94%,且运行操作简便、成本低廉、无二次污染。     

Effects of water regime, crop residues, and application rates on control of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense

Biological soil disinfestation is an effective method to control soil-borne disease by flooding and incorporating with organic amendments, but field conditions and resources sometimes limited its practical application. A laboratory experiment was conducted to develop practice guidelines on controlling Fusarium wilt, a widespread banana disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense(FOC). FOC infested soil incorporated with rice or maize straw at rates of 1.5 tons/ha and 3.0 tons/ha was incubated under flooded or water-saturated(100% water holding capacity) conditions at 30℃ for 30 days. Results showed that FOC populations in the soils incorporated with either rice or maize straw rapidly reduced more than 90% in the first 15 days and then fluctuated till the end of incubation, while flooding alone without organic amendment reduced FOC populations slightly. The rapid and dramatic decrease of redox potential(down to- 350 m V) in straw-amended treatments implied that both anaerobic condition and strongly reductive soil condition would contribute to pathogen inactivation. Water-saturation combined with straw amendments had the comparable effects on reduction of FOC, indicating that flooding was not indispensable for inactivating FOC. There was no significant difference in the reduction of FOC observed in the straw amendments at between 1.5 and 3 tons/ha. Therefore,incorporating soil with straw(rice or maize straw) at a rate of 3.0 tons/ha under 100%water holding capacity or 1.5 tons/ha under flooding, would effectively alleviate banana Fusarium wilt caused by FOC after 15-day treating under 30℃.     

南京市空气质量预报效果评估及误差分析

基于2020年南京市空气质量实况数据及预报数据,评估了当年南京市空气质量预报效果,分析了预报偏差特征及其成因。结果表明,4个季节中,秋季的空气质量指数(AQI)预报准确率评分和综合评分最高,夏季的首要污染物准确率评分最高;4个季节均出现正预报偏差,其中夏、冬季偏差大于春、秋季;首要污染物误报率与季节相关,二氧化氮(NO_(2))和可吸入颗粒物(PM_(10))的误报率较高的原因是NO_(2)和PM_(10)作为首要污染物主要出现在春、秋季,而这2个季节4种主要污染物的空气质量分指数(IAQI)值非常接近,增加了预报员经验修正的难度。典型预报偏差个例分析结果表明,模式预报对于污染物质量浓度量级的预报偏差以及预报员对气象条件和前体物质量浓度变化关注不足,是导致最终预报出现低估的主要原因。     

醋酸乙烯酯卸料系统的改进

介绍了卸料系统改造前的状况,对卸料系统流程和操作步骤的改造。改造后保证了腈纶装置安全运行,减少了环境污染,减轻了工人的劳动强度。     

驯化活性污泥处理明胶有机废水的实验

利用驯化活性污泥对组分复杂的明胶有机废水进行有机物降解实验。结果表明,明胶废水的ＢＯＤ５／ＣＯＤｃｒ比值为０．４４－０．４６,ＣＯＤｃｒ进水浓度在１０００－１２００ｍｇ／Ｌ人,ＣＯＤｃｒ和ＢＯＤ５去除率分别达８１％－８３％和８６％－９１％。     

阻燃高抗冲聚苯乙烯/有机改性蒙脱土纳米复合材料阻燃效应的研究(Ⅱ)--蒙脱土改性比率对阻燃协效性的影响

运用“一步熔融共混法”制备了同时包含十溴二苯乙烷(SAYTEX8010)—氧化锑(Sb2O3)和蒙脱土(MMT)—十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(C16BrN)(不同重量比率)阻燃体系的系列高抗冲聚苯乙烯(HIPS)复合材料,通过X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)、UL—94垂直燃烧测试和锥形量热计等测试手段对其结构形貌和燃烧性能进行了表征,探讨了两种阻燃体系间的协效性及蒙脱土改性比率对协效度的影响。结果表明,在十溴二苯乙烷存在时,可以制备层离型阻燃HIPS／MMT纳米复合材料,其中两种阻燃体系具有优异的阻燃协效性,其协效度取决于复合材料中各组分的复合比率,特别是MMT及C16BrN的改性比率。研究发现,其它组分含量一定时(十溴二苯乙烷和氧化锑重量比率保持lO：4),MMT和C16BrN改性比率为4：2时复合材料具有相对最佳阻燃性,十溴二苯乙烷体系和改性蒙脱土体系具有相对最优阻燃协效度。     

A finite element method to solve a population dynamics stage-structured model of intertidal barnacles

Many marine organisms are fixed or highly sedentary as adults but the adult population may be strongly dependent on the oceanic transport of planktonic larvae. In order to assess interactions between oceanographic and biological processes that determine the population dynamics of marine organisms with a sessile adult phase restricted to the coastline and a planktonic larval phase, we present a stage-structured finite element model for the barnacle Balanus glandula that inhabits the rocky intertidal zone of central California, USA.     

现代环境生物技术的发展与应用

现代环境生物技术作为由环境工程与现代的生物学技术相结合而发展起来的新兴学科,现已广泛应用于理论研究和生产实践中。本文在了解环境生物技术发展过程和特点的基础上,讨论了环境生物技术的应用及未来的发展趋势。     

超磁分离技术在生态补水工程中的应用

生态补水是做好水资源综合治理与保护体系中不可或缺的一个内容,针对巢湖流域某生态补水工程超磁分离工艺的应用进行研究。该工程从巢湖取水经磁混凝处理后,出水主要指标稳定到达《地表水环境质量标准》(GB 3838-2002)的Ⅲ类标准,成为了景观河道的有效清洁水源补给,改善了生态环境。     

湿热环境应力下产品失效机理分析

阐述了湿热环境下产品的失效模式,分析了在湿热环境应力下产品功能失效的原因,指出了产品一般都会受到湿度与温度的综合影响,产品的各种劣化效应往往是产品表面受潮和体积受潮两种现象所造成的,并针对性地提出了对产品进行有效防护的方法.