反硝化除磷工艺中二次曝气作用分析

反硝化除磷工艺是根据反硝化除磷菌开发的新工艺．结合试验重点探讨了二次曝气在该工艺中的作用：吹脱反硝化产生的附着于活性污泥上的氮气;缺氧段硝酸盐不足时提供O2作为二级电子受体使DPB污泥充分吸磷：p（COD）／p（N）,p（COD）／p（P）比值偏高时,再生活性污泥。指出二次曝气在反硝化除磷工艺中具有重要作用。     

短时冲击负荷对不同粒径分布陶粒曝气生物滤池性能的影响

通过比较装有2种粒径分布（大粒径、小粒径陶粒堆积密度分别为4．5×10^2和5．4×10^2kg／m^3）的陶粒曝气生物滤池对溶解性化学需氧量（sCODCr）及NH4^＋-N、浊度的去除情况,考察短时水力冲击负荷及有机冲击负荷对不同粒径分布曝气生物滤池性能的影响。结果表明,对于2种粒径的陶粒曝气生物滤池,短时水力冲击负荷几乎不降低sCODCr及NH4^＋-N的去除率,但导致浊度去除率的下降,说明曝气生物滤池有较强的抗短时水力冲击负荷能力;短时有机冲击负荷的增大导致sCODCr及NH4^＋-N去除率的降低,但对浊度的去除却影响很小,而在解除冲击负荷后去除率很快恢复正常水平,说明大粒径滤池比小粒径滤池有较强的抗NH4^＋-N短时冲击的能力,但小粒径滤池比大粒径滤池有较强的抗sCODCr短时冲击的能力,并能保持较高的浊度去除率。     

曝气生物滤池反冲洗特性的研究

曝气生物滤池集生物膜的强氧化降解能力和滤料截留效能于一体,是一种适合大规模回用、高效、低耗的污水再生工艺,也是升级改造的良好选择。反冲洗是曝气生物滤池运行中的一个关键步骤,合理优化反冲洗过程有助于改善其整体运行性能。根据反冲洗废水浊度变化确立了合理的反冲洗方式,并给出相关的反冲洗强度和反冲洗历时参数,以期为曝气生物滤池处理印染废水的设计和运行提供参考。     

固定化微生物-曝气生物滤池（IBAF）技术用于微污染水处理的实验研究

以温榆河微污染水为研究对象,采用人工草生物载体固定微生物,并在曝气生物滤池反应系统中对其进行处理。河流微污染水中N、P营养缺乏,有机物浓度较低,而且水质变化较大。在水力停留时间为10 h、8h、6.3 h、4.7 h时,此工艺对此河水的处理效果有较大的差异,说明水力停留时间的不同对污染物去除率的影响较大。     

高效沉淀装置处理后期雨水的试验研究

以悬浮物浓度、浊度、化学需氧量COD作为测试指标,通过小试对新型高效沉淀装置用于后期雨水的处理进行了研究。结果表明,混凝剂(PAC)和助凝剂(PAM)投加量分别为30 mg/L和1 mg/L时,对悬浮物SS、浊度和CODCr的平均去除效率分别达到了83.2%、76%和64.1%,出水水质达到了排放标准要求。     

论生物监测室的建设与管理——微生物分析室部分

本文依据微生物学实验的基本规范,针对市、县环境监测站的特点,结合笔者十多年的工作体会,对生物监测室的微生物分析室的建设与管理,进行了较系统全面的论述,并提出了几个值得探讨的问题。     

Using data augmentation via the Gibbs Sampler to incorporate missing covariate structure in linear models for ecological assessments

Missing covariate values in linear regression models can be an important problem facing environmental researchers. Existing missing value treatment methods such as Multiple Imputation (MI), the EM algorithm and Data Augmentation (DA) have the assumption that both observed and unobserved data come from the same distribution, most commonly a multivariate normal or a conditionally multivariate normal family. These methods do try to incorporate the missing data mechanism and rely on the assumption of Missing At Random (MAR). We present a DA method which does not rely on the MAR assumption and can model missing data mechanisms and covariate structure. This method utilizes the Gibbs Sampler as a tool for incorporating these structures and mechanisms. We apply this method to an ecological data set that relates fish condition to environmental variables. Notice that the presented DA method detects relationships that are not detected when other missing data methods are employed.

Evolutionary cause of the vulnerability of insular communities

Communities on oceanic islands are considered to be vulnerable to biological invasion. However, because the detailed structures of such communities have not yet been revealed, the relationship between their vulnerability and structure is not clear. Because such communities evolved without biological invasion, they are expected to have structures different from those of mainland communities, and this difference is expected to affect their vulnerability to invasion. I conducted computer simulations based on a food web model and investigated the difference in structure between mainland and insular model communities, the former of which evolved with frequent invasion and the latter without invasion. In addition, by conducting computer simulations of invasion of these model communities, I investigated the relationship between community structure and vulnerability to biological invasion. The insular model community evolved to have an unstable structure, in that a small number of plant species supported a large number of animal species, and each species in the community had a small biomass. When a plant species invaded and disturbed the base of the insular model community, many animal species relying on the plants easily became extinct. In addition, when a carnivorous species invaded, animal species with small biomass tended to become extinct. Community collapses caused by biological invasion occurred more frequently in the insular model community than in the mainland model community. These results indicated that those communities that evolved without invasion were vulnerable to invasion. The available data on real insular communities suggest that some have reached the endangered state predicted by this model.     

臭氧—生物活性炭工艺去除水中有机微污染物

在臭氧化的反应柱中填装陶粒滤料,构成了臭氧－陶粒→生物活性炭不深度净化流程,用该流程去除水中有机微污染物,ＣＯＤＭＮ去除率近近４０％,浊度和色度大大降低,色－质联机分析表明,原水中有机物由５８种降至３０种,潜在有毒有害物质由１３种减少到４种。     

养猪场废水处理工艺研究

采用接触氧化－水解－两段接触氧化－混凝工艺处理高浓度养殖废水,通过试验得到最佳工艺参数,在最佳试验条件下,进水ＣＯＤｃｒ小于５０００ｍｇ／Ｌ,经处理后出水ＣＯＤｃｒ平均去地９７％,ＢＯＤ５去除率大于９８％,氨氮去除率大于９６％,各项主要指标可达污水综合排放标准一级标准。