Vertical distribution of nonylphenol and nonylphenol ethoxylates in sedimentary core from the Beipaiming Channel, North China

The vertical profiles of nonylphenol （NP） and nonylphenol ethoxylates （NPEOs） were investigated in a sediment core from the Beipaiming Channel, North China using high sensitive LC-MS and GC-MS metthods In this core, relatively high concentrations of NP and NPEOs occurred in the surface sediment （≤40 cm）, with the maximum value of NP and NPEOs reaching 3539 and 12735 mg/g, respectively, whereas, no NP or NPEOs were detected in deeper sediments （〉40 cm）. The high concentrations of NP and NPEOs in the surface layers suggested recent inputs in this area. NPEOs with short ethoxy chains （NPnEO, n=0-3） were dominant in the NPEO mixture with percentages from 54% to 78%, which were similar to the distribution of homolog NPEO in effluents from nearby sewage treatment plants （STPs）, indicating that the channel received the effluents from these STPs. The sewage treatment ratio was quite similar to that found in North America before the 1980s. Finally, the concentrations of NP and NPEOs were related to the total organic carbon （TOC） （p〈0.001）, suggesting that TOC was an important factor for vertical distribution of NPEOs and NP from the Beipaiming Channel.     

渤海近岸水域环境污染状况分析

依据海洋环境质量公报,分析渤海近岸海域的环境现状、变化趋势、超标分布及污染源,说明影响渤海环境质量主要是陆源超标排放和水交换不畅。实施渤海环境治理具有紧迫性。渤海污染治理是个科学问题,应加强科技支撑作用。     

渤海沉积物中的"活性铁"与其氧化还原环境的关系

应用2001年12月航次所取得的渤海三个典型区域沉积物柱样品，用5％HCl浸取溶解自然粒度下的沉积物，测定了其中的Fe^3 ，Fe^2 ，Fe^3 /Fe^2 值，探讨了其分布特性及其与沉积物氧化还原环境的关系。结果表明Fe^3 在整个研究海域均是从表层向下逐渐递减的，Fe^2 在辽东湾是从表层向下逐渐减小的，而在其他海域是逐渐增加的。沉积物的上层（约50cm厚）Fe^3 含量变化复杂。一些柱状样Fe^2 含量随深度的增加而降低，可能除与沉积物来源有关外，还与“活性铁”的总量有关，“活性铁”含量在垂直方向上随深度而降低。从“活性铁”与Fe^3 /Fe^2 判断，所研究的渤海区沉积环境以弱氧化环境为主，局部地区为还原环境。     

Heavy metal pollution in Tianjin Bohai Bay, China

The contamination levels and distribution characters of heavy metals in coastal waters and sediments from Tianjin Bohai Bay,China were examined.Pb and Zn were found as the main heavy metal pollutants in the coastal waters of the bay.High levels of Pb and Zn appeared especially near the estuary,indicating that river discharge was the main pollution source.Moreover,atmospheric deposition resulted in Pb contamination in the middle of the embayment.Analysis of data for the period 1987-2004 indicated that Pb ...     

环渤海区域风能资源WRF同化模拟及特征分析

利用WRF模式及其3DVAR同化模块,结合环渤海区域风能资源观测网测风塔观测数据,设计并构建了多种3DVAR 同化方案,用来提高环渤海区域风能资源数值模拟初始场质量。以2010 年4 月12 日至13 日一次大风过程为研究对象,利用该同化方案进行了一系列WRF数值模拟对比试验。选择较优的3DVAR同化方案对环渤海区域70 m高度风能资源进行了2009 年6 月1 日至2010 年5 月31 日一整年的数值模拟。模拟结果表明,较优的3DVAR同化方案能有效地改进区域风能资源数值模拟初始场质量,主要体现在模拟值与实测值更为接近,模拟效果得到显著改善。环渤海区域70 m高度年平均风速和年平均风功率密度呈现出南小北大的分布特征,渤海中部和北部风能较大,沿垂直于海岸线向内陆方向,风能参数急剧减小。     

1954—2000年渤海湾典型海岸带(天津段)景观空间格局动态变化分析

基于GIS技术和景观生态学方法,以渤海湾典型海岸带(天津段)为研究区,分析了该区域1954,1970,1981,1990和2000年的土地利用和覆盖变化特征,并在空间上反映出各时期的重点退化区域. 结果表明:1954—2000年研究区内高功能景观面积减少51.98%,主要是草地、沼泽和滩涂退化成农田、盐田、港口和养殖塘等经济价值较高的类型,其中以1954—1970年为高功能景观退化的最快时期,平均每年退化3 684.50 hm2,以沼泽和草地退化最为明显. 人口增长、滩涂利用和围海造地以及近岸环境污染是其重要的驱动力.      

渤海海域环境现状及保护对策

根据沿海地区陆源污染调查材料,评价了渤海海域的环境质量现状,指出了渤海近岸海域污染严重,生态受到影响,离岸深水海域水质尚好。进而分析了其污染原因,提出了保护渤海环境的对策。      

渤海表层沉积物中多环芳烃的分布与生态风险评价

利用第2次全国海洋污染基线调查数据，研究渤海表层沉积物中多环芳烃(PAHs)的空间分布特征和输入来源．结果表明，按渤海海区划分，PAHs含量由高至低依次为秦皇岛沿岸、辽东湾、莱州湾、辽东半岛近岸、外海海区和渤海湾近岸．对照有关的沉积物质量标志水平，秦皇岛沿岸和辽东湾(尤其是锦州湾)表层沉积物中PAHs具有较高生态风险．就PAHs组成而言，锦州湾近岸沉积物中低环比例较高，其它海区4～5环占优．荧蒽／芘和芘／苯并(a)芘两个比值参数显示锦州湾近岸沉积物的PAHs主要源于石油工业，秦皇岛近岸和莱州湾部分站点主要来自燃油产物，而其它海区的大部分站点则属于燃煤型来源．燃烧生成的PAHs易吸附于细微颗粒物上，其迁移和沉降可能是外海海区PAHs含量高于渤海湾近岸的一个原因．     

夏季黄渤海表层海水中二甲亚砜(DMSO)的浓度分布

根据2011年6月对黄渤海进行的大面调查,分析研究了夏季表层海水中颗粒态和溶解态二甲亚砜(DMSOp、DMSOd)的水平分布及其周日变化特征.海水中DMSO首先采用NaBH4将其还原为二甲基硫(DMS),再利用冷阱吹扫-捕集气相色谱法进行间接测定.结果表明,表层海水中DMSOp浓度的变化范围是5.43～18.35 nmol·L-1,平均值为(11.47±0.25)nmol·L-1;DMSOd浓度的变化范围是4.75～43.80 nmol·L-1,平均值为(13.42±0.58)nmol·L-1.相关性分析显示:DMSOp与叶绿素a(Chl-a)、温度、盐度等不存在相关性,而DMSOp/Chl-a比值与盐度存在一定的正相关,表明DMSO在藻细胞内具有渗透压调节功能;DMSOd与细菌、DMSOp浓度不存在相关性,而与DMS浓度存在一定的正相关,表明表层海水中DMSOd的主要来源是DMS的光化学氧化.另外,DMSOp与DMSOd均呈现出明显的周日变化规律,白天时段浓度明显高于夜间时段.     

Occurrence and distribution of antibiotics in coastal water of the Bohai Bay, China: impacts of river discharge and aquaculture activities

The presence of 21 antibiotics in six different groups was investigated in coastal water of the Bohai Bay. Meantime, to illuminate the potential effects caused by the river discharge and aquaculture activities, wastewater from three breeding plants and surface water from six rivers flowing into the Bohai Bay were also analyzed for the selected antibiotics. The result revealed that measured antibiotics in the North Bobai Bay were generally higher than those in the South, highlighting the remarkable effects of high density of human activities on the exposure of antibiotics in environment. The antibiotics found in the six rivers were generally higher than those in the Bohai Bay reflecting the important antibiotics source of river discharge. This study reveals that the high consumption of some antibiotics in aquaculture activities may pose high ecological risk to the bay.