沈阳市环境污染责任保险推进工作存在问题及对策浅析

在全面介绍沈阳市环境污染责任保险推进情况的基础上,论述了沈阳市参加保险企业的确定原则、推进方法及配套政策措施,并结合当前沈阳市该险种推进过程中存在的相关问题,提出了选择适合的环境污染责任保险模式、加强环保部门与保险行业的合作、将环境污染责任险推进融入到环境监理工作中等建议及对策。     

沈阳市水资源开发和保护的问题及建议

随着经济的发展和人口的增长,沈阳市水资源越发短缺,全市在水资源开发、利用和保护方面存在着地表水利用率低、地下水过度开采,资源性缺水突出,地表水受污染,水质性缺水严重等一系列问题。沈阳市应全面、辩证地对待水资源问题,建立健全水资源管理体系,多渠道开发水资源,保障城市供水。同时,治理水污染,改善水环境,加强对水资源的合理开发以及节约与保护的宣传。     

煤层气采出水水质及其对土壤和植物影响研究进展

煤层气是优质的能源和化工原料。但在其开采过程中,排出的大量煤层气采出水对土壤和植物的影响以及其相应的评价与修复是一个非常重要的环境问题。文章从煤层气采出水中的元素种类及其形态变化、有机污染物含量变化等方面综述了不同区域煤层气采出水水质状况。在此基础上,分析了煤层气采出水灌溉土壤对土壤和植物的影响。主要包括土壤pH变化;一些元素及离子可能导致土壤发生盐化和钠质化作用及其影响因素;植物生物量和物种多样性的变化及优势种的改变等。针对不同区域煤层气采出水的相关水质状况以及其对土壤及植物的影响,提出了相应的控制修复措施。最后,提出了未来该领域需要加强研究的方面,以期为未来合理、安全地利用煤层气采出水提供相关参考。     

沈阳市环境技术评估工作的探索与实践

介绍了沈阳市环境技术评估工作流程,从简化评估程序、提高评估质量、推进规划环评、否定问题项目、提供监管信息等方面,阐述了评估机构在为环评把关、为审批服务中发挥的重要作用,并从建章立制、加强交流培训、依托专家资源、提供优质服务等方面展示了评估队伍建设的成果,提出了评价机构今后工作中努力的方向和重点。     

磷矿开发对星云湖总磷污染影响研究

通过对星云湖流域磷矿开发污染历史的分析,并将星云湖与杞麓湖各污染源入湖污染负荷进行比较研究,得出磷矿开发是造成星云湖TP污染负荷较大的重要原因。磷矿开发对星云湖TP输入量为58．66t／a,占总入湖污染负荷的28．2％。     

炼化建设项目现场HSE监督实践

介绍了独山子炼化建设项目安全特点与HSE监管要求,阐述了工程项目现场HSE监督工作的核心内容及HSE监督管理实践。     

试论地震勘探的安全生产管理

总结了多年地震勘探安全生产管理的经验．提出从地震勘探的安全教育管理、安全技术培训管理、安全生产目标管理、野外作业安全管理、伤亡事故管理以及安全检查与政府监督六个方面加强安全生产管理的内容和方法,对搞好地震勘探的安全管理、保证地震勘探生产作业人员的身体健康和生命安全以及生产设备的运行安全具有重要指导作用。     

Reliability analysis of subsea blowout preventers with condition-based maintenance using stochastic Petri nets

Blowout Preventer (BOP) has maintained its function as a safety barrier and the last line of defence against oil and gas spills since its development in the early 1900s. However, as drilling and exploration activities move further offshore, challenges pertaining to reliable operation of the subsea BOP systems continue to be a source of concern for stakeholders in the industry. In spite of recent advancements in reliability analysis of safety instrumented systems (SISs), the research on reliability assessment of BOP is still lacking in some regards. There are gaps in the literature with respect to the incorporation of preventive maintenance (PM) strategies as well as dynamic operating conditions into BOP reliability analysis. To address these gaps, this paper develops an advanced analysis method using stochastic Petri nets (SPN) to estimate the reliability of subsea BOP systems subject to condition-based maintenance (CBM) with different failure modes. The BOP system is divided into five subsystems which are connected in series with each other and categorised into degrading and binary units. The performance of the BOP system in terms of availability, reliability and mean-time-between failures (MTBF) is obtained and analysed. A sensitivity analysis is also performed to evaluate the effect of fault coverage factor and redundancy design on system performance. The results show that both the fault coverage factor and redundancy have significant impact on the BOP's reliability, availability and MTBF.     

The internationalisation of the Australian mineral industry in the 1990s

Overseas mineral exploration and mining investment by Australian companies increased dramatically from the early 1990s until 1997. In the wake of the Asian economic crisis and lower commodity prices it declined somewhat in 1998 and 1999. Reflecting their international competitiveness, Australian resource companies were actively involved in projects in about eighty nations in 1999. This study assesses the extent of growth in exploration and mining operations, the distribution between large and small companies and the changing regional focus which has been occurring. It also reflects on some of the key influences on this development. These include a strong domestic finance sector, supporting mining services provision, technological competitiveness, a growing attractiveness of offshore locations and increasing structural impediments at home.     

安全验收评价的体系构建与实践探索

从完善我国安全评价工作的角度出发,提出建设安全验收评价体系的构想;在项目建设安全验收评价实践中,又提出如何进一步加大力度,认真考量建设项目的本质安全度与在安全验收评价时更加关注"人"的安全性。该项目的研究与实践是以科学技术来支撑安全生产监管成效的重要举措,对工程项目的安全验收评价提供了依据和有益参考。