几种催化剂对垃圾渗滤液臭氧氧化效能的影响

通过制备以γ-Al2O3为载体的铬、镉、钴、铜、镍5种催化剂,研究了催化剂负载率对臭氧吸收率的影响以及臭氧催化氧化垃圾渗滤液时水质的变化情况.试验结果表明,钴在γ-Al2O3载体上具有较强的负载性,在催化剂与COD质量比为5,O3与COD质量比分别为0.11、0.15、0.26时,镉催化剂能使臭氧吸收率提高,而铬催化剂则不利于臭氧的吸收;固定催化剂与COD质量比为5,当O3与COD质量比为0.15时,铜催化剂可使COD去除率提高20.2%;同样固定催化剂与COD质量比为5,当O3与COD质量比为0.26时,镍催化剂有利于氨氮的去除,可使氨氮去除率提高20.7%;臭氧催化氧化时,臭氧的最佳投加量可按O3与COD质量比为0.125考虑.     

膜生物反应器对印染废水COD去除效果的试验研究

本文以成功的中试试验为佐证,对膜生物反应器(MAR)处理印染废水过程中化学需氧量(COD)的变化做了详细的分析,为工程设计提供了有力的参考依据.     

生物膜技术对河道水污染治理研究

本试验采取在试验室模拟河道水流及其生物挂膜的方式,以其组成的系统为研究对象,对河道微生物进行接种培养.并对微生物成膜的各个阶段的污水,进行COD、氨氮、总磷等个指标的重点监测,测试生物膜脱氮除磷的性能.观察各浓度污染条件下生物膜的生长情况,分析影响生物膜水处理效果的因素.为治理受有机污染的河道水提供理论上的参考.     

双菌发酵水葫芦压滤液生产单细胞蛋白的研究

水葫芦在我国多个地区泛滥,含水率超过90%,需要就地压滤处理。而由此产生的大量水葫芦压滤液富含纤维素和各种有机物,属于高浓度有机废水,容易造成二次污染,且在目前污水处理技术条件下处理成本较高。通过微生物发酵处理水葫芦压滤液生产单细胞蛋白,可以减少环境污染的同时提高资源的利用率。该试验利用糖化霉菌与酵母混合发酵以提高粗蛋白产量。35℃恒温条件下,当原始COD值为15333.33mg/L时,添加(NH)42SO425.0g/L,先以黑曲霉(Aspergillusniger)发酵40h,然后接种产朊假丝酵母(Candidautilis)酵母发酵32h,菌体回收率可达19.8g/L,COD去除率达到43.65%;当原始COD值为7280mg/L时,添加(NH)42SO46.0g/L,先以黑曲霉(Aspergillusniger)发酵48h,然后接种产朊假丝酵母(Candidautilis)酵母发酵24h,COD的去除率可达81.24%,菌体回收率达1.97g/L,粗蛋白含量达39.76%。     

Fenton试剂预处理皂素废水的研究

采用Fenton试剂絮凝氧化法预处理皂素废水,考察了H2O2投加量、FeSO4·7H2O投加量、pH值和搅拌时间4个因素,研究其对废水中COD去除效果的影响,实验结果表明反应的最佳条件为：pH为4,H2O2投加量为18mL/L,FeSO4·7H2O投加量为7g/L,搅拌时间为45min,对COD的去除率可达到42.60%。     

几种复合载体材料固定化活性污泥的性能及在废水中的应用

制备了几种复合载体材料固定化活性污泥小球,比较了固定化活性污泥的性能及对废水COD的去除率。结果表明,固定化活性污泥比游离态的活性污泥对废水COD的去除率高,其中藻酸钠复合活性炭及壳聚糖复合硅藻土固定化活性污泥对废水COD的去除率较好,当取代度为1.54的羧甲基壳聚糖复合硅藻土固定化活性污泥,废水COD去除率最大4,8 h去除率可达61.2%。     

UV-Fenton法降解金属切削液废水及数学模型的建立

采用UV/Fenton法处理金属切削液废水,通过正交试验和单因素试验得到其最佳工作条件为pH=2.5、H2O2(浓度30%)投加量=127.5 mL/L、Fe2+投加量=24.8 mmoL/L、总反应时间=2 h、投加次数6次,此条件下金属切削液废水COD去除率可达到94.4%;并采用1stOpt软件对正交试验数据和单因素模型方程进行多元非线性拟合,建立了UV/Fenton法处理金属切削液废水COD降解率的数学模型方程,模型结论与正交试验结果一致,表明该模型可以正确地反映UV/Fenton法处理金属切削液废水的降解效果。     

Anaerobic treatment of fresh leachate from a municipal solid waste incinerator by upflow blanket filter reactor

This paper describes the feasibility of fresh leachate treatment by an upflow blanket filter (UBF). Through dilution and partial effluent recycling, the organic loading rates increased from 0.51 to 14.56 kg COD/(m³·d), meanwhile the corresponding hydraulic retention time decreased from 9.0 to 3.6 d. The reactor was able to achieve steady-state within 80 d. Based on the distribution of COD fluxes in the process, it was concluded that anabolism was the main pathway of COD removal in the initial phase (1–33 d), accounting for 57%–85% of total COD removed. As the anaerobic consortium of bacteria reached steady-state (after 70–86 d), the majority of COD removed was transformed into methane, because the specific methane yield was close to the theoretical value (0.36 L CH₄/(g COD_deg)).     

Ag–TiO2 doped photo catalytic degradation of Procion blue H-B dye in textile washwater

The photocatalytic degradation of Procion blue H-B dye in biodegraded textile washwater has been investigated for the complete removal of color and maximum reduction of chemical oxygen demand (COD). Pseudomonas putida was utilized for obtaining biodegraded textile washwater. In this process, silver-doped TiO₂ photocatalyst was prepared and experiments were carried out to study the effects of UV and mercury lamp irradiations on COD reduction and removal of color. The thus prepared silver-doped TiO₂ catalyst was characterized by thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis, UV-visible spectrometer, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis, and BET surface area techniques. Adsorption studies were also carried out to evaluate the fitness of isotherm models. The results show that the silver-doped TiO₂ has enhanced the photodegradation of Procion blue H-B dye under UV and mercury lamp irradiations. The enhanced activity of silver-doped TiO₂ is due to the enrichment of electron–hole separation by electron trapping of silver particles.     

Full scale treatment of hazardous wastewater through thermal reduction

An attempt has been made to present the data relating to full scale application of evaporation‐incineration technology for containment of wastewater emanating from H‐acid (mono sodium salt of 1 amino‐8‐hydroxynapthalene 3,6‐disulphonic acid) production with recourse to zero wastewater discharge. The wastewater is acidic with high concentrations of COD and total dissolved salts and BOD/COD ratio of 0.11. NO_x, SO_x, SPM and CO from stack emissions are within the standards stipulated by the statutory bodies.