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901.
902.
固定化生物活性炭纤维处理餐饮废水的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用砂滤-固定化生物活性炭纤维技术处理餐饮废水,通过对油、浊度、COD、UV254四个重要指标去除率的测定评价处理效果。方法:餐饮废水经过砂滤后在中间水池中进行曝气,将曝气后的水样通过固定好微生物的生物活性炭纤维柱,测定出水指标。结果:该工艺处理后水样的浊度去除率为83%、UV254去除率为67%、COD去除率为84%,油的去除率为91%。结论:采用砂滤-固定化生物活性炭纤维技术处理餐饮废水是可行的。该工艺对废水中的浊度、COD、UV254均有很好的去除作用,出水水质比较稳定。 相似文献
903.
溶解性惰性COD(S1)是决定污水处理厂出水COD能否达标的关键指标.针对溶解性微生物产物对S1测定的影响,对S1的测定方法进行了修正.实际生活污水的测定试验表明,该方法具有很好的重现性和准确性.在长距离输送的合流制污水的实测过程中发现:晴天条件下,瞬时样的S1/COD和Si/SCOD(溶解性COD)变动较大,在24 h混合样中St/COD和S1/SCOD较为稳定,分别为(9.2±0.3)%和(27.3士2.1)%;暴雨天气下,S1/COD和S1/SCOD会明显增加. 相似文献
904.
系统评价EM菌液在生活污水处理中的应用效果 总被引:28,自引:0,他引:28
采用在生活污水中投加有效微生物群的方法,系统评价了EM对污水中三类常见污染物去除率的影响。结果表明(1)好氧条件下,EM显著提高污水CODcr去除的适宜加入量为5/10000-1/1000,增幅达达10%;厌氧条件下,EM对污水CODcr的去除没有促进作用。(2)EM在好氧条件下能显著或极显著提高污水NH4^+-N的硝化程度,当EM加量为5/1000时效效果最好,增幅达37.62%,厌氧条件下,当 相似文献
905.
906.
炭膜曝气生物膜反应器处理生活污水运行特性研究 总被引:5,自引:5,他引:0
采用煤基炭膜作为膜曝气生物膜反应器膜组件处理生活污水,考察了炭膜的传氧性能、对微生物的吸附性能以及该膜生物膜反应器的挂膜启动过程,并从膜内气压、碳氮比、水力停留时间等3个方面研究了试验运行的最佳工艺条件.结果表明,炭膜和其它中空纤维膜相比具有较高的微生物吸附能力,反应器在8 d内即可完成挂膜启动.炭膜本身的传氧系数为0.36 m/h,其作为生物膜载体和供氧装置在技术上是可行的.利用该炭膜曝气生物膜反应器处理生活污水,在膜内气压为0.025 MPa,碳氮比为5∶1,水力停留时间8 h 条件下,可使NH+4-N去除率、反硝化效率和COD去除率分别达95%、92%和88%以上,出水水质指标达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB 18918-2002)一级标准A标准.试验系统具有良好的稳定性,抗冲击负荷能力较强. 相似文献
907.
厌氧附着膜膨胀床反应器预处理有机氯农药废水的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对有机氯农药废水可生化性差的特点,研究了采用厌氧膨胀床颗粒活性炭反应器对其预处理以提高可生化性的效果.未经处理的有机氯农药废水及经混凝、Fenton氧化处理后的有机氯农药废水分别进入厌氧反应器,在进水pH为6.8~7.2,水力停留时间为48 h,有机物容积负荷为1.41~3.19 kg COD/m3.d时,3种废水的出水B/C值分别为0.35、0.41和0.42;出水COD分别为1280、1050和659 mg/L;出水色度分别为50倍(灰白)、20倍(灰白)和20倍(灰白).从运行稳定、经济的角度,选择混凝-厌氧组合作为该农药废水的预处理工艺.研究提出采用单位表面面积生物膜底物降解速率LW作为厌氧膨胀床反应器的设计指标,并根据试验数据得出厌氧膨胀床颗粒活性炭反应器的动力学模型,为工程设计及运行管理提供依据. 相似文献
908.
Background, aim, and scope The pulp and paper industry is the sixth largest polluter discharging a variety of gaseous, liquid, and solid wastes into
the environment. Effluents from bleached Kraft mill effluents (BKME) are polluting waters to a great extent These effluents
cause considerable damage to the receiving waters if discharged untreated since they have high levels of biological oxygen
demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), chlorinated compounds (measured as AOX), suspended solids (mainly fibers), fatty
acids, tannins, resin acids, lignin and its derivatives, sulfur and sulfur compounds, etc. This study aimed to remove adsorbed
organic halogen (AOX), total nitrogen, and lignin-degrading products in the wastewater (4,500 m3/h) from the paper mill in the pulp and paper industry, which is discharged to sea from a plant located in western Turkey.
Materials and methods The photocatalytic degradation of AOX, total nitrogen, and chlorinated lignin in BKME have been investigated in different
parameters, such as time, H2O2 and TiO2 concentration. In addition, for investigating the effect of chlorine on the removal of lignin, pure lignin solution was prepared
in equal amounts to chlorinated lignin degradation products found in BKME. The same experiments were conducted for this solution.
Experiments were carried out in photocatalytic reactor made of Pyrex glass. The mercury lamp was used as a radiation source.
All irradiation was carried out under constant stirring. The existence of dissolved O2 is an important factor which increases the photocatalytic degradation. Hence, we used an air pump for the aeration of the
wastewater solutions. The temperature of the wastewater was controlled and adjusted to 25°C by thermostat pump in conjunction
with a cooler. At the end of all experiments, AOX, total nitrogen and lignin concentrations were analyzed according to standard
methods. All experiments were performed in duplicate and average values were used.
Results and discussion When the effect of H2O2 and time were investigated, it was observed that the AOX concentration increased from 3.0 to 11.0 mg/L by only UV. However,
when H2O2 was added, AOX concentration decreased from approximately 3.0 to 0.0 mg/L. The optimal conditions for the removal of AOX
appear to be an initial H2O2 concentration of 20.0 mL/L and reaction time of 50 min. In addition, at the same experiment conditions, it was seen that
the total nitrogen concentration decreased from 23.0 to 15.0 mg/L by only UV and by increasing H2O2 concentration, the concentration of 20.0 mL/L H2O2 appears to be optimal (9.0 mg/L). The AOX, total nitrogen and lignin degradation products and pure lignin go through a minimum
when the concentration of H2O2 and TiO2 increases at constant pH and UV intensity. The kinetics for the degradation of AOX, total nitrogen and lignin degradation
products followed a pseudo-first order law with respect to the products, and the degradation rates (min−1) for the UV/TiO2/H2O2 system were higher than that of the corresponding values for the UV/H2O2 system.
Conclusions The AOX, total nitrogen and lignin concentration go through a minimum when the concentration of H2O2 and TiO2 increases at constant pH and UV intensity. It was found that the UV/TiO2/H2O2 system has proved capable of the degradation of total nitrogen as well as chlorinated and degraded lignin in BKME.
Recommendations and perspectives The photocatalytic process can be considered a suitable alternative for the remove of some compounds from the BKME. Nevertheless,
further studies should be carried out to confirm the practical feasibility of BKME. Another result obtained from the study
is that pre-purification carried out with UV/TiO2/H2O2 photocatalytic process may constitute an important step for further purification processes such as adsorption, membrane processes,
etc. 相似文献
909.
采用类Fenton氧化-好氧移动床生物膜(MBBR)法处理难降解抗生素发酵废水,探讨了H2O2和草酸投加量对类Fenton氧化工艺以及HRT和曝气量对好氧MBBR反应器的影响.实验结果表明,当类Fenton氧化工艺的最佳操作参数为反应溶液H2O2和草酸初始质量浓度分别为150、45 mg/L、30 W/154 nm紫外灯照射1 h、pH为3.0,在曝气搅拌条件下,COD平均去除率为80.9%.当类Fenton氧化工艺出水pH在7.0时,废水中的污染物还可以进一步被混凝去除.好氧MBBR反应器的最佳工艺参数为HRT 12 h、曝气量0.10 m3/h以及填料填充比(体积比)30%,最终废水COD平均去除率为99.1%,达到<污水综合排放标准>(GB 8978-1996)三级标准要求. 相似文献
910.
水样的代表性和滴定剂浓度对重铬酸钾法测定化学需氧量的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
化学需氧量测定中,样品的代表性和滴定的误差直接影响结果的准确性。采用水浴超声器均化水样,可提高样品的代表性,通过调整滴定液硫酸亚铁铵标准溶液的浓度,可以减小滴定的误差,从而提高结果的准确性。 相似文献