地质环境与城市可持续发展

城市建设要处理好人与地质环境的关系,充分考虑地质环境的容量和质量,正确认识地质作用对地质环境的干扰。我国城市地质环境脆弱,地质灾害严重,不合理开发利用地下水诱发了一些环境地质问题,矿山城市地质环境形势严峻。以上问题威胁着城市可持续发展,必须引起高度重视。     

基于水环境容量的开发区水污染控制对策研究——以镇江新区为例

随着镇江新区的快速城市化,环境压力指数化增长,环境保护面临着巨大的挑战。为了实现镇江新区的经济发展和环境保护双赢,以及区域的可持续性发展,本文深入分析城市化过程带来的一系列生态环境问题,系统评价快速城市化过程中水污染因子排放与长江流域水环境质量的关系,结合区域水环境特点,基于科学的水环境容量计算,修正区域用地总体规划和产业布局,为合理分配和长期有效地利用水环境容量资源和区域可持续发展提供理论支撑和对策。     

Simulation planning of power supply capacity: an approach to optimal industrial microgrid operation with carbon emission permits

ABSTRACT

Microgrids integrated with distributed generation provide energy intensive enterprises (EIEs) with a solution to cut down their total system costs. However, unreasonable capacity allocation of power supply in industrial microgrid may result in capacity shortage or excess, thus leading to uneconomical solutions. Considering carbon emission permits and renewable energy access on demand side, this paper analyses and evaluates the long-term impacts of power supply capacity on economic benefits and carbon emission. The power suppliers consist of industrial self-generation, wind power generation and power grid. A HOMER software based industrial microgrid model is designed, and time series simulation of the model for a cycle of 10 years is performed to provide numerical analysis. The simulation results with sensitivity analysis show that optimal capacity planning of power supply can lead to considerable economical and ecological benefits under carbon emission permits; besides, it can also be conducive to peak load shedding for power grid.     

城市大气污染物总量测试研究

开展空气环境容量测算研究,对于大气污染物总量管理从目标总量控制向容量总量控制转变具有决定性意义,能有效的提高污染控制的效果和实现环境质量达标。     

浅谈石油化工企业环境监测站设计

叙述了在进行石油化工企业环境监测站设计时，在总图位置，建筑以用工程设置，设备与备及人员编制几应注意的问题。     

资源型重工业城市生态承载力评价

从城市生态承载力的三类变量之间的关系出发,构建城市生态承载力评价模型;并以资源型重工业城市抚顺市2000～2009年数据为基础,分析了该市的生态压力参数和生态弹性力参数的变化情况,评价了抚顺市的生态承载力水平。结果表明:抚顺市生态承载力变化分为3个阶段,平稳期(2000～2002年)、起伏期(2002～2007年)和递增期(2007～2009年);生态承载力水平由2000年的-0.311增长到2009年的-0.017,抚顺市一直处于重载状态,属于高耗损型,强不可持续发展模式,但有趋于可持续发展的趋势。     

沈阳市畜禽养殖环境承载力分析及预测

运用系统分析方法中灰色预测模型,对沈阳市自然状态下和处理部分粪污情况下的畜禽养殖环境承载能力进行了分析和预测。计算结果表明,应用灰色预测模型对畜禽养殖环境承载力进行分析,精确度较高。对沈阳市各区(县)、市畜禽养殖环境承载力进行了分析预测,依据计算得出的相应地区畜禽养殖环境承载力结果,能够更加科学地为畜禽养殖空间布局提供参考。同时分析得出,提高畜禽粪污处理率,可以有效的延缓畜禽养殖业给环境带来的生态压力,推迟畜禽养殖环境承载力达到警戒值的年限。     

生态文明治理能力建设路径分析

"十八届三中全会"提出了推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化,生态文明治理能力是国家治理能力的重要组成部分。提高生态文明治理能力,是生态文明建设亟需解决的关键问题和重要突破口。本文围绕生态文明治理的理论基础和内涵,在梳理生态文明治理存在的问题基础上,从体制机制创新出发,提出生态文明治理能力建设的思路和框架,并从培育多元主体、转变政府职能、建设生态文明制度体系和创新生态文明治理机制四个方面提出对策和建议,以供相关政策的制定和相关部门及地方深化改革参考。     

How rational are investment decisions in the copper industry?

This paper examines ex-post 51 investment decisions made in regard to copper mines coming on stream from 1957 through 1999. It discusses two critical variables: investment timing and mine capacity choice. Using a 15% discount rate, results suggest that fewer than half of decisions were made at the right time – i.e., low price periods – confirming countercyclical investment as the optimal policy. In terms of capacity choice, the distortion is even higher, as 36 projects should have entered at least 40% larger or smaller. Realized investment decisions for timing and capacity choice would have caused a 49.1% loss over the NPV potentially achievable under optimal resolutions. Although the difference could be specifically attributed to copper price uncertainty, this paper discusses how investment evaluation methodologies could be contributing to firms not being fully rational (in the neoclassical sense) when investing.     

Z比分数在实验室能力验证检测中的运用

介绍了Z比分数的构成，评价标准和运用Z比分数时应注意的问题。通过实例运用，指出正确选择指定值和变动性度量是实验室能力验证达标的关键。