中国环境影响评价国家能力评价及建设途径研究

从国家政策法规能力，管理能力，技术能力和EIA运行有效等4个方面，列出清单，对我国环境影响评价国家能力进行了直观的系统评价，结果表明我国的EIA国家能力虽然近年有所加强，但仍然相薄弱，限制了EIA的有效性，并提出了加强国家能力建设的优化先途径的建议。     

新型城镇化所存在的资源环境问题及对策初探

新型城镇化是我国城镇化发展的必然选择,是我国城镇化健康发展的根本保证。土地资源、水资源、能源等和生态环境是城镇发展的基础和根本保障。城镇化的快速发展导致一系列资源环境问题,因而,城镇化与资源环境有着密切的关系。本文从我国新型城镇化的发展背景、内涵出发,从水资源、土地资源、能源、环境容量几个方面深入探讨了我国新型城镇化所存在的资源环境问题,并在此基础上提出对策,这对于促进新型城镇化的健康发展和我国资源环境的可持续发展均具有重要的学术价值与实践意义。     

层次分析法与向量模法在水环境承载力评价中的应用——以胶州市为例

从社会经济、资源利用、与环境管理等角度分析了胶州市水环境承载力的主要影响因素,综合构建了胶州市水环境承载力评价指标体系。采用层次分析法和向量模法对胶州市2007~2011年水环境承载力进行了评价。结果表明,胶州市水环境承载力评价值范围为0.061~0.080,胶州市水环境承载力水平较低,总体上呈先下降后上升的趋势,其中,水资源短缺为制约胶州市水环境承载力的主要因素。     

葫芦岛市可持续发展定量评价研究

介绍了生态足迹的理论和计算方法,运用生态足迹指标并结合其它生态经济学指标对葫芦岛市可持续发展进行了定量评价研究。研究表明:葫芦岛市生态系统处于人类过度开发利用和压力下,区域经济社会发展处于不可持续状态。     

关于省级生态环境监测机构发展规划的思考

在剖析新形势下生态环境监测发展形势需求的基础上,分析了生态环境监测机构发展在精准支撑环境管理、提升监测科研创新驱动力和建设高水平人才队伍等方面存在的问题。提出了以支撑、服务、引领生态环境决策管理为导向,深化制度建设、强化人才队伍、加强科研创新、夯实基础能力、打造特色亮点,全面提升核心竞争力的省级生态环境监测机构发展规划思路,以及环境监测预警能力建设、科研创新发展、人才队伍建设、体制机制建设等方面建设任务。为实现生态环境治理体系和治理能力现代化,全面改善生态环境质量提供有力支撑。     

加强市级环境监测站能力建设的思考

分析了市级环境监测站面临的形势与存在的不足,提出以科学发展观为指导,正确处理环境监测能力建设中的4个关系,大力推进能力强站,加快人才培训和队伍建设,形成符合环境管理需要的工作能力、质量管理能力、科研能力、竞争能力和信息支持能力,开创环境监测全面发展的新局面。     

How rational are investment decisions in the copper industry?

This paper examines ex-post 51 investment decisions made in regard to copper mines coming on stream from 1957 through 1999. It discusses two critical variables: investment timing and mine capacity choice. Using a 15% discount rate, results suggest that fewer than half of decisions were made at the right time – i.e., low price periods – confirming countercyclical investment as the optimal policy. In terms of capacity choice, the distortion is even higher, as 36 projects should have entered at least 40% larger or smaller. Realized investment decisions for timing and capacity choice would have caused a 49.1% loss over the NPV potentially achievable under optimal resolutions. Although the difference could be specifically attributed to copper price uncertainty, this paper discusses how investment evaluation methodologies could be contributing to firms not being fully rational (in the neoclassical sense) when investing.     

城市大气污染物总量测试研究

开展空气环境容量测算研究,对于大气污染物总量管理从目标总量控制向容量总量控制转变具有决定性意义,能有效的提高污染控制的效果和实现环境质量达标。     

调水及梯级开发对汉江襄阳段水环境容量影响

汉江是襄阳市主城区唯一水源地和纳污水体,其水质状况对襄阳市和汉江中下游的社会经济发展和人民生活影响重大。对南水北调中线调水及汉江梯级崔家营建成后的汉江襄阳段环境容量进行了预测,为该区域的水污染物总量控制提供科学依据。结合汉江襄阳段的水质、水文条件以及排污状况,采用零维和二维水质模型相结合,对该江段的水环境容量进行了计算。结果表明:与现状相比,2015年汉江襄阳段主要污染物COD和NH1-N的水环境容量在多数江段呈下降的趋势,尤其是丰水期和平水期下降较为明显。     

Simulation planning of power supply capacity: an approach to optimal industrial microgrid operation with carbon emission permits

ABSTRACT

Microgrids integrated with distributed generation provide energy intensive enterprises (EIEs) with a solution to cut down their total system costs. However, unreasonable capacity allocation of power supply in industrial microgrid may result in capacity shortage or excess, thus leading to uneconomical solutions. Considering carbon emission permits and renewable energy access on demand side, this paper analyses and evaluates the long-term impacts of power supply capacity on economic benefits and carbon emission. The power suppliers consist of industrial self-generation, wind power generation and power grid. A HOMER software based industrial microgrid model is designed, and time series simulation of the model for a cycle of 10 years is performed to provide numerical analysis. The simulation results with sensitivity analysis show that optimal capacity planning of power supply can lead to considerable economical and ecological benefits under carbon emission permits; besides, it can also be conducive to peak load shedding for power grid.