柴石滩水库水质现状及趋势分析

用大量实测水质资料,全面分析了柴石滩水库坝前、中部及库尾不同水域的水质现状,分析了南盘江入库河流弹药库水质代表断面的水质现状及水质变化趋势,提出了水库水污染控制及水资源保护措施.     

应用被动扩散管监测分析葫芦岛市环境空气NO2时空分布特征

被动扩散技术以其低成本、操作简单、空间覆盖率较高等优点已在西方国家广泛应用于环境空气质量监测与调查,辽宁省环保局通过欧盟项目引进,本技术在葫芦岛市环境空气质量监测应用有4年时间.依据4年环境空气被动扩散管监测基础数据,分析了解葫芦岛市城区大气中NO2时空分布特征:高浓度值出现在交通区,季节上呈现春季明显低于其它季节.     

垃圾转运站污水回用处理工艺设计

垃圾转运站污水回用处理采用了膜 -生物反应器处理工艺 ,它具有高效、稳定、工艺流程简单、设备占地面积小和投资少等优点 ,且处理后出水可用于自身站内所需 ,即冲车、喷洒道路、冲厕、绿化、冲刷车间地面等多种用途 ,实现了污水处理后再利用的目的。     

油团聚法处理炭黑废水的研究

根据炭黑疏水性的特点 ,本试验采用油团聚工艺成功地处理了炭黑废水。经处理后 ,出水中炭黑含量小于 5.0 mg/ L,出水可回用 ,回收的炭黑用四氯化碳处理后 ,经过滤干燥可得到含水率小于 1 .0 %的炭黑 ,油相可回用。     

Differential N uptake by maize cultivars and soil nitrate dynamics under N fertilization in West Africa

Nitrate is prone to leaching in the sandy soils of the West African moist savannas. Better management of nitrogen (N) resources and maize cultivars with enhanced genetic capacity to capture and utilize soil and fertilizer N are strategies that could improve N-use efficiency. In two field experiments conducted at Zaria, northern Nigeria, five maize (Zea mays L.) cultivars planted early in the season were assessed under various N levels for differences in N uptake, soil N dynamics, and related N losses. Cultivar TZB-SR accumulated more N in the aboveground plant parts in both years than the other cultivars. All, except the semi-prolific late (SPL) variety, met about 50–60% of their N demand by the time of silking (64–69 DAP). In both years, SPL had the greatest capacity to take up N during the grain filling period, and it had the highest grain-N concentration and the least apparent N loss through leaching in the second year. There were no significant differences in soil N dynamics among cultivars in both years. At harvest, the residual N in the upper 90 cm of the profile under all the cultivars ranged from 56 to 72 kg ha⁻¹ in the first year and from 73 to 83 kg ha⁻¹ in the second year. Apparent N loss from 0 to 90 cm soil profile through leaching ranged from 35 to 122 kg ha⁻¹ in both years. N application significantly increased N uptake by more than 30% at all sampling dates in the second year of the experiment, but had no effect on apparent N loss. Results indicate that the use of maize cultivars with high N uptake capacity during the grain filling period when maximum leaching losses occur could enhance N recovery and may be effective in reducing leaching losses of mineral N in the moist savanna soils.     

暴雨后水库中铁、锰超标成因分析

以福建省某水库为例，对南方地区暴雨后水库中铁锰超标现象从外污染源、地下水、土壤、底质多方面进行了分析，找出了该类型水库中铁、锰超标的原因，并提出建议。     

Toxic metals in sewage sludge-amended soils: has promotion of beneficial use discounted the risks?

Land application of contaminated waste products has been defended as beneficial use by some scientists and regulators, based on the premise that the behavior of any toxins accumulated in soils from this practice is reasonably well understood and will not have detrimental agronomic or environmental impacts into the foreseeable future. In this review, I use the case of toxic metals in sewage sludges applied to agricultural land to illustrate that metal behavior in soils and plant uptake is difficult to generalize because it is strongly dependent on the nature of the metal, sludge, soil properties and crop. Nevertheless, permitted agricultural loadings of toxic metals from sewage sludges are typically regulated using the sole criterion of total metal loading or concentrations in soils. Several critical generalizing assumptions about the behavior of sludge-borne metals in soil-crop systems, built into the US EPA risk assessment for metals, have tended to underestimate risks and are shown not to be well justified by published research. It is argued that, in the absence of a basic understanding of metal behavior in each specific situation, a more precautionary approach to toxic metal additions to soils is warranted.     

九龙甸水库水质预测及分析

通过对1996年-2001年间水质监测数据的灰色系统处理,对九龙甸水库水质进了行中长期预测。结果显示九龙甸水库水质在相当长的时期内将保持稳定,能达到规划的地面水Ⅱ类水质功能区要求。     

以绿化三维量分析植物群降解SO2的宏观效应

控制和降低城市上空ＳＯ２的环境浓度对于改善城市环境，促进城市生态的良性循环具有十分重要的意义。本文从上海市绿化三维量分布模型、与ＳＯ２浓度分布模型的相关分析入手，以季节变化作为对比因子，讨论了城市绿化植物群的数量及分布对城市上空ＳＯ２浓度分布的宏观影响；并据此提出了可有效地控制城市上空ＳＯ２浓度的绿地建设的基本原则。     

盘锦市近岸海域生物资源现状及几点建议

根据异养细菌丰度、浮游动物、浮游植物与底栖动物的生物量分布及种类组成等现场调查结果和近期海洋渔业生产资料，论述了盘锦市近岸海域生物资源现状。并根据该地区油气资源开发和海洋生物资源（尤其是经济贝类资源）保护的需要提出了几点建议。