苯酚及苯二酚类催化氧化的色谱电化学法测定及研究

研究了1:12磷钼杂多酸(PMo_(12))修饰电极对苯酚及苯二酚类(对苯二酚、间苯二酚和邻苯二酚)的催化氧化作用,以及苯酚和苯二酚类在涂敷十二烷基磺酸钠(SDS)的C_(18)键合固定相上的分离方法,采用修饰电极色谱电化学法对其进行分离检测。对苯二酚、邻苯二酚、间苯二酚及苯酚的线性范围依次为4.0×10~(-11)mol/l-2.0×10~(-8)mol/l、4.0×10~(-11)mol/l-2.0×10~(-8)mol/l、8.0×10~(-11)mol/l-2.0×10~(-8)mol/l、8.0×10~(-11)mol/l-2.0×10~(-8)mol/l;检测限依次为2.10×10~(-11)mol/l、2.0×10~(-11)mol/l、4.0×10~(-11)mol/l和4.0×10~(-11)mol/l。平行测定8次,相对标准偏差依次为1.7％、3.3％、2.9％和4.4％。方法可用于化工厂废水中苯酚及苯二酚类的测定。     

新型汽车尾气净化催化剂的适应性能

研制了一种新的汽车尾气净化催化剂。其贵金属以Ｐｔ，Ｐｄ为主活性组分，载体以堇青石陶瓷蜂窝体涂复天然沸石粉，经测定，催化剂净化汽车尾气的活性，热稳定性，及抗铅，中毒等性能均较好，台架试验表明，催化箱对ＨＣ和ＣＯ均有很高的净化效果，ＨＣ转化率≥８５％，ＣＯ转化率≥９１％，并且该催化剂具有良好的冷起动性能。     

高浓度乳化废水处理中铜系催化剂催化活性比较

研究了几种铜系列催化剂在高浓度乳化废水进行湿式氧化(WAO)和催化湿式氧化(CWAO)处理中的效果。在160～240℃反应温度条件下,以CODcr,和TOC为参数,系统考查了均相/多相催化剂的催化性能,筛选出具有优良催化性能的过渡金属多相催化剂。结果表明,在温度200℃和初始氧分压P。1.2MPa条件下,控制氧化反应2h,无催化剂存在时,乳化废水的CODcr去除率为75％,TOC去除率为66%;均相催化剂[Cu(NO3)2]具有很好的氧化催化能力;当使用Cu/Alumina或Mn-Ce/Alumina催化剂时,CODcr去除率分别89.5％和84.2％,TOC去除率则分别达到了81.7％和81.2％;与WAO同等CODcr及TOC去除率水平相比,借助Cu/Alumina催化剂,CWAO反应温度可降低30℃左右。初步探讨了湿式氧化出水的可生化性。     

复合氧化物用于汽车排气催化氧化的实验研究

本文制备出一种非贵金属复合氧化物催化剂 ,可用于治理汽车排气中的 CO和 HC,初步研究了其对 CO和 C3 H6的催化氧化效果 ,实验结果表明 ,该催化剂具有较好的催化氧化能力     

燃烧法处理石化企业VOCs试验研究

基于加热炉技术对石化企业VOCs进行直接燃烧处理,采用低温催化燃烧催化剂进行了相应试验。结果表明:催化燃烧法适用于于低浓度VOCs治理,热力燃烧法则适用于不同组成与浓度VOCs的综合治理;在温度≤320℃、空速≥12000 h-1的条件下,低温催化燃烧技术VOCs排放浓度可满足DB31/933—2015要求(≤70 mg/m^3);在VOCs浓度高达30000 mg/m^3情况下,经过750~850℃的热力燃烧技术处理后,VOCs排放浓度≤20 mg/m^3。     

Effect of Al2O3 doping on the structure and performance of an Al2O3/Fe2O3 catalyst for mercury oxidation

In this study,the thermal stability of a Fe_2 O_3 catalyst for mercury oxidation was significantly improved by doping with Al_2 O_3.After 1 hr,the catalyst doped with 10 wt.% Al_2 O_3 still exhibited a mercury conversion efficiency of 70.9%,while the undoped sample even lost its catalytic activity.Doping with Al_2 O_3 retarded the collapse of the catalyst mesoporous structure during high-temperature calcination,and the doped samples maintained a higher specific surface area,smaller pore size,and narrower pore size distribution.Transmission electron microscope images revealed that after calcination at 350℃,the average size of the catalyst grains in Fe_2 O_3 was 23.4 nm;however,the corresponding values for 1%Al_2 O_3/Fe_2 O_3,3%Al_2 O_3/Fe_2 O_3,and 10%Al_2 O_3/Fe_2 O_3 were only 13.3,7.1,and 4.7 nm,respectively.Results obtained from X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetry coupled with differential scanning calorimetry confirmed that doping with Al_2 O_3 also retards the crystallization of the catalysts at high temperature,constraining catalyst grains to a smaller size.     

Bimetallic nickel molybdate supported Pt catalyst for efficient removal of formaldehyde at low temperature

Efficient removal of formaldehyde from indoor environments is of significance for human health.In this work,a typical binary transition metal oxide that could provide various oxidation states,β-NiMoO_4,was employed as a support to immobilize the active Pt component(Pt/NiMoO_4) for catalytic formaldehyde elimination at low ambient temperature(15℃).The results showed that the hydrothermal preparation temperature and time had a noticeable impact on the morphology and catalytic activity of the samples.The catalyst prepared with hydrothermal temperature of 150℃ for 4 hr(Pt-150-4) exhibited superior catalytic activity and stability mainly due to its distinctly porous structure,relative abundance of adsorbed surface hydroxyls/water,and high oxidation ability,which resulted from the interaction of Pt with Ni and Mo of the bimetallic NiMoO_4 support.Our results might shed light on the rational design of multifunctional catalysts for removal of indoor air pollutants at low ambient temperature.     

Catalytic activity of porous manganese oxides for benzene oxidation improved via citric acid solution combustion synthesis

Various manganese oxides (MnO_x) prepared via citric acid solution combustion synthesis were applied for catalytic oxidation of benzene. The results showed the ratios of citric acid/manganese nitrate in synthesizing process positively affected the physicochemical properties of MnO_x, e.g., BET (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller) surface area, porous structure, reducibility and so on, which were in close relationship with their catalytic performance. Of all the catalysts, the sample prepared at a citric acid/manganese nitrate ratio of 2:1 (C2M1) displayed the best catalytic activity with T₉₀ (the temperature when 90% of benzene was catalytically oxidized) of 212℃. Further investigation showed that C2M1 was Mn₂O₃ with abundant nano-pores, the largest surface area and the proper ratio of surface Mn⁴⁺/Mn³⁺, resulting in preferable low-temperature reducibility and abundant surface active adsorbed oxygen species. The analysis results of the in-situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (in-situ FTIR) revealed that the benzene was successively oxidized to phenolate, o-benzoquinone, small molecules (such as maleates, acetates, and vinyl), and finally transformed to CO₂ and H₂O.     

NH3-SCR performance and the resistance to SO2 for Nb doped vanadium based catalyst at low temperatures

Niobium oxide as the promoter was doped in the V/WTi catalyst for the selective catalytic reduction(SCR)of NO.The results showed that the addition of Nb_2O_5could improve the SCR activity at low temperatures and the 6 wt.%additive was an appropriate dosage.The enhanced reaction activity of adsorbed ammonia species and the improved dispersion of vanadium oxide might be the reasons for the elevation of SCR activity at low temperatures.The resistances to SO_2of 3V6Nb/WTi catalyst at different temperatures were investigated.FTIR spectrum and TG-FTIR result indicated that the deposition of ammonium sulfate species was the main deactivation reason at low temperatures,which still exhibited the reactivity with NO above 200°C on the catalyst surface.There was a synergistic effect among NH_3,H_2O and SO_2that NH_3and H_2O both accelerated the catalyst deactivation in the presence of SO_2at 175°C.The thermal treatment at 400°C could regenerate the deactivated catalyst and get SCR activity recovered.The particle and monolith catalysts both kept stable NO_xconversion at 225°C with high concentration of H_2O and SO_2during the long time tests.     

Low-temperature conversion of ammonia to nitrogen in water with ozone over composite metal oxide catalyst

As one of the most important water pollutants, ammonia nitrogen emissions have increased year by year, which has attracted people's attention. Catalytic ozonation technology, which involves production of ·OH radical with strong oxidation ability, is widely used in the treatment of organic-containing wastewater. In this work, MgO-Co_3O_4 composite metal oxide catalysts prepared with different fabrication conditions have been systematically evaluated and compared in the catalytic ozonation of ammonia(50 mg/L) in water. In terms of high catalytic activity in ammonia decomposition and high selectivity for gaseous nitrogen, the catalyst with MgO-Co_3O_4 molar ratio 8:2, calcined at 500°C for 3 hr, was the best one among the catalysts we tested, with an ammonia nitrogen removal rate of 85.2% and gaseous nitrogen selectivity of44.8%. In addition, the reaction mechanism of ozonation oxidative decomposition of ammonia nitrogen in water with the metal oxide catalysts was discussed. Moreover, the effect of coexisting anions on the degradation of ammonia was studied, finding that SO_2-4 and HCO-3 could inhibit the catalytic activity while CO_2-3 and Br-could promote it. The presence of coexisting cations had very little effect on the catalytic ozonation of ammonia nitrogen. After five successive reuses, the catalyst remained stable in the catalytic ozonation of ammonia.