红豆杉内生真菌发酵培养基和原生质体制备酶系统的筛选

在对红豆杉内生真菌(Ozoniumsp.)适生碳源、氮源和生长情况研究的基础上,通过正交试验筛选了其发酵培养基和原生质体制备的酶系统;用L9(34)安排了四因素三水平并考虑交互作用的正交试验,对实验结果进行了分析.结果表明,最优的发酵培养基为果糖1%、蔗糖1%、蛋白胨0.2%、酵母粉0.5%、KH2PO40.5%、MgSO4·7H2O0.3%、VB10.001%;分离原生质体的最优酶系统为1.5%溶壁酶 0.5%蜗牛酶 1.5%纤维素酶 1.0%溶菌酶;用此酶系统在30℃条件下酶解3h,原生质体的产量达6.55×107个/mL酶液;经荧光素二醋酸酯(FDA)染色评估原生质体活力,表明该条件下分离的原生质体活力较高,原生质体的再生率为2.56%.该研究为利用生物技术手段改良紫杉醇生产菌奠定了基础.图6表4参32     

试论企业文化建设在我国旅游企业中的现状与作用

随着社会的进步和生产力的发展，企业文化作为一种新的管理理念逐渐被人们所接受并越来越受到许多企业家的青睐，本文首先从企业文化中的概念入手，简单阐述企业文化的核心和根本，然后重点分析企业文化在我国旅游企业中的现状和建设过程中存在的问题、原因以及加强企业文化建设的若干对策，最后总结出企业文化的作用．     

Chromosome analysis of first trimester chorionic villus biopsies Prepared by a maceration technique

A technique for the culture of chorionic villi for cytogenetic studies is described which is simple, reliable, rapid, and suitable for routine laboratory use. This method eliminates the need for multi-stage and time-consuming procedures inherent in previous techniques which have been developed for this tissue. Cultures suitable for analysis were obtained in an average of sixteen days and the risk of maternal cell contamination was evaluated. Results of cultures initiated from 50 chorion biopsies obtained by transcervical blind aspiration at a weekly termination clinic are presented, and the potential use of this technique as a routine procedure is discussed.     

优化育人环境构建校园文化体系--关于校园文化的研究

现代学校教育中,校园文化有着重要意义.本文利用心理学、教育学、文化学的理论,用系统的方法,审视校园文化,提出优化育人环境,构建我校可行的校园文化体系.构建一个以学校不同范围的师生组织为主体,以学生在校时间为经线,以学校的不同空间为纬线,以精品、优质的各类活动为节点(核心),以先进和提高为方向和指导,广泛覆盖,涉及不同方面、不同层次内容的校园文化网络体系.     

保护生态环境、促进凤庆经济社会发展

近年来生态环境的恶化、农村能源短缺、环境污染加剧、以及人口压力增大,都对凤庆建成茶文化大县的战略构想形成了严重影响。就其生态环境现状分析了存在的问题,提出相应的措施和建议     

福建中、东部沿海主要养殖贝类体重金属的含量与评价

根据2000年11月福建中、东部沿海养殖贝类体重金属的检测资料，分析了牡蛎、菲律宾蛤仔、缢蛏体内重金属的含量水平。结果表明；闽江口附近海域和兴化湾湾顶北部海域养殖的褶牡蛎，体内Zn和Cd的含量明显高于其他养殖区。文中对3种养殖贝类的重金属污染程度进行评价的结果表明：闽中、东沿海的养殖贝类基本未受重金属污染或属微污染水平。     

Global Biomass Energy Potential

The intensive use of renewable energy is one of the options to stabilize CO₂atmospheric concentration at levels of 350 to 550ppm. A recent evaluation of the global potential of primary renewable energy carried out by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) sets a value of at least 2800EJ/yr, which is more than the most energy-intensive SRES scenario forecast for the world energy requirement up to the year 2100. Nevertheless, what is really important to quantify is the amount of final energy since the use of renewable sources may involve conversion efficiencies, from primary to final energy, different from the ones of conventional energy sources. In reality, IPCC does not provide a complete account of the final energy from renewables, but the text claims that using several available options to mitigate climate change, and renewables is only one of them, it is possible to stabilize atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂) concentration at a low level. In this paper, we evaluate in detail biomass primary and final energy using sugarcane crop as a proxy, since it is one of the highest energy density forms of biomass, and through afforestation/reforestation using a model presented in IPCC Second Assessment Report (SAR). The conclusion is that the primary-energy potential for biomass has been under-evaluated by many authors and by IPCC, and this under-evaluation is even larger for final energy since sugarcane allows co-production of electricity and liquid fuel. Regarding forests we reproduce IPCC results for primary energy and calculate final energy. Sugarcane is a tropical crop and cannot be grown in all the land area forecasted for biomass energy plantation in the IPCC/TAR evaluation (i.e. 1280Mha). Nevertheless, there are large expanses of unexploited land, mainly in Latin America and Africa that are subject to warm weather and convenient rainfall. With the use of 143Mha of these lands it is possible to produce 164EJ/yr (1147GJ/hayr or 3.6W/m²on average) of primary energy and 90EJ/yr of final energy in the form of liquid fuel (alcohol) and electricity, using agricultural productivities near the best ones already achievable and biomass gasification technology. More remarkable is that these results can be obtained with the operation of 4,000 production units with unitary capacity similar to the largest currently in operation. These units should be spread over the tropical land area yielding a plantation density similar to the one presently observed in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, where alcohol and electricity have been commercialized in a cost-effective way for several years. Such an amount of final energy would be sufficiently large to fulfill all the expected global increase in oil demand, as well as in electricity consumption by 2030, assuming the energy demand of such sources continues to grow at the same pace observed over the last two decades. When sugarcane crops are combined with afforestation/reforestation it is possible to show that carbon emissions decline for some IPCC SRES scenarios by 2030, 2040 and 2050. Such energy alternatives significantly reduce CO₂emissions by displacing fossil fuels and promote sustainable development through the creation of millions of direct and indirect jobs. Also, it opens an opportunity for negative CO₂emissions when coupled with carbon dioxide capture and storage.     

密闭培养对纤细角毛藻稳定同位素组成的影响

为研究碳源对赤潮藻生长的影响,以赤潮藻纤细角毛藻（Chaetoceros gracilis）为研究对象,在密闭条件下进行培养,模拟赤潮发生时碳源缺乏的生长环境;分析碳源不足对纤细角毛藻不同生长阶段的差异影响,采用密闭培养的方法,分别在正常组和缺氮组的营养条件下培养纤细角毛藻,测定生物量、营养盐浓度和碳氮稳定同位素组成等重要监测指标.结果表明:不同营养条件对纤细角毛藻的生物量存在显著影响.在正常组,c（NO₃--N）（NO₃--N为硝酸盐）随着培养时间呈下降趋势,ρ（NO₂--N）（NO₂--N为亚硝酸盐）和ρ（NH₄+-N）（NH₄+-N为铵盐）与藻类生物量呈显著正相关,ρ（PO₄3--P）（PO₄3--P为磷酸盐）和c（SiO₄2--Si）（SiO₄2--Si为硅酸盐）与藻类生物量呈显著负相关;在缺氮组,c（NO₃--N）、ρ（NO₂--N）、ρ（NH₄+-N）、ρ（PO₄3--P）和c（SiO₄2--Si）均与藻类生物量呈显著负相关.整个试验周期中,正常组和缺氮组δ13C和δ15N值越来越正.其中,正常组的δ13C值比缺氮组的更正,平均高2.286‰;缺氮组的δ15N值比正常组的更正,平均高3.307‰.正常组和缺氮组的δ13C、δ15N值与生物量均呈显著正相关.研究显示,碳源和氮源的不足分别会导致更正的δ13C和δ15N值,推测赤潮发生会导致δ13C和δ15N值偏正,赤潮藻的碳氮稳定同位素组成可以作为赤潮监测的指标和方法.      

企业全员危险源管理实践

为了预防企业生产安全事故发生,围绕危险源的管理,综合运用多种安全评价方法,通过小组活动自下而上开展全员危险源辨识、风险评价、现有风险控制措施评估,结合危险源辨识成果随机抽查、行为安全观察等管理活动,形成了企业全员危险源管理的企业文化氛围。对开展全员危险源管理1年以上的13家不同类型企业进行安全文化绩效评估,结果显示,开展THM对安全行为、安全教育、全员参与等安全文化绩效评价指标有显著提升作用。     

空管安全文化量表设计

为探究我国空管安全文化现状,设计了一种评价量表。在安全文化定义、国内外相关文献及安全相关规章的理论指导下,结合专家咨询与实地调研,从安全文化建设和安全文化养成两个维度建立符合我国空管安全文化特点的关键元素集,从而编制初始安全文化量表。然后通过随机抽样方法,对20个空管单位展开测试,利用SPSS 19. 0对测试结果进行项目分析以确保题项的合理性、探索性因子分析以保证量表结构效度、信度分析以确保量表的可信度,剔除无效题项后,最终确立了正式量表。正式量表的信效度能够达到要求,可以对空管单位的安全文化进行有效测量。