上海都市工业区经济规模评价及其优化研究

工业空间集聚是区域经济发展与结构调整的重要组成部分，包括两种形式：一是农村区域广泛分布着的乡镇企业向周围工业小区的相对集中：二是都市区域工业通过辐射、扩散向新的工业区集中。工业区规模评价通常包括土地规模评价与经济规模评价两个方面。主要从经济规模入手，通过因子分析方法，计算出上海都市工业区经济规模状况的排序结果，并据此进行分析。计算结果发现：目前上海九大都市工业区的因子总分级分布均相对偏低，说明大多数工业区的整体经济规模尚小。为此，需要合理规划，组织协调，加大招商力度；逐步强化信息网络与中介服务功能，按照“限制数量、扩大规模、优化布局”的目标，促进上海都市工业区的优化发展。     

黄河沿岸地带水资源约束下的产业结构优化与调整研究

20世纪90年代以来，黄河多年持续断流，已经严重影响到沿岸地带社会经济发展和人民生活，限制了沿岸地带经济潜力的发挥。特别是对黄河下游地区工农业生产造成巨大危害。本文分析了黄河沿岸地带产业结构等社会经济要素与水资源短缺的矛盾，提出应化调整大耗水型的产业结构，大力发展与生活环境友好的生态农业、生态工业，生态旅游等生态产业，并建立有利于水资源节约利用的社会经济体系。     

长江流域经济一体化下的中游地区产业发展研究

由于市场经济尚不完善，行政条块分割，地区产业缺乏一体化的统筹考虑等原因，我国地区产业同构现象严重，地区之间缺乏有效的产业关联与协作，区域整体效益差。随着我国市场经济体制的逐步完善，地区间的行政壁垒逐步拆除，区域经济势必在市场作用下走向一体化，产业发展也将趋于地区特色化，区域间的产业联系也日益密切，先前地区割据局面将逐步打破。从这个观点出发，以长江流域经济的逐步一体化为前提，在分析中游地区产业成长环境和比较优势的基础上，探讨了中游地区在长江产业带中的产业地位和分工；比较研究了资源导向型，出口导向型，中心城市带动型，智力发展型的不同发展战略在中游地区实施的可行性，提出中游地区应充分利用我国中西部市场逐渐开拓，沿海地区产业升级过程中大量的初中级制造加工业向内地转移的机遇以及沿江航运及水资源优势，发展成为区内进口替代－－面向区外市场的农业和制造业的半成品和最终产品的加工基地。     

都市型经济开发区生态化建设路径研究

总结了都市型经济开发区的类型和特点,重点分析了都市化经济开发区的生态环境质量制约性因素,提出了从产业生态化建设、土地利用生态化建设、信息现代化建设以及区域环境健康保障体系四个角度分析了生态化建设的路径体系和具体的措施。     

农业面源污染防控研究进展

随着工业点源污染被越来越多的重视与控制,工业排放所造成的环境影响在得到控制的同时,农业生产带来的非点源污染日益凸显,成为近年来研究的热点。文章总结国内外农业面源的污染状况和研究进展,对农业面源海染防控研究进行了探讨。     

循环经济分析在规划环境影响评价中的应用研究

发展循环经济已经成为完成节能减排任务和开展资源节约型、环境友好型社会建设的重要手段,同时也是规划环境影响评价的重要内容。文章针对目前规划环境影响评价中循环经济分析的主要问题,提出了规划环评中循环经济分析的理论模型、分析重点和技术程序,构建了评价的指标体系,并给出了定性与定量相结合的分析方法。为检验所建立的分析体系的有效性和可行性,将其应用于鄂尔多斯市主导产业与重点区域发展规划环境影响评价中,以此从循环经济的角度对规划的合理性进行评价,对原规划方案进行优化调整,并对规划实施的环境管理提出具体建议。     

城市总体规划环境影响评价方法

开发不同类型规划的环境影响评价技术和方法是当前国内的热点研究领域之一.围绕城市总体规划特点,在分析识别规划经济增长和用地布局方案中存在的多种不确定性的基础上,以产业和用地为基本评估单元,综合运用蒙特卡罗随机采样技术和HSY算法,并将其与地理信息系统进行整合,建立了基于结构与空间不确定性分析的城市规划环评方法和系统评估模型.     

On eco-planning for an eco-demonstration park (EDP) and sustainability-Case study of the Luhua EDP in the Chongming Island of Shanghai,China

The background, concept, connotation, principles, and methods of eco-planning for an Eco-Demonstration Park (EDP) and sustainability were examined based on a case study of the Luhua EDP in the Chongming Island of Shanghai, China, which is an important part of Shanghai Eco-city planning and construction in the 21st century. By analyzing natural, social and economic conditions, calculating population using the land capacity eco-model, eco-function zoning, and eco-construction, an innovative eco-industrial structure and technical chain were formulated. A comprehensive eco-planning scheme for the EDP was proposed, including planning and management strategies for subsystems of efficient industry, good quality human settlement, high standard eco-construction and eco-tourism as well as effective environmental protection and attractive landscape. The EDP should be an area with coordinated and sustainable economic, social and environmental subsystems. Eco-planning for the EDP should be a very important part of eco-city planning and sustainability. The paper aims to set up a theoretical framework and practical basis for eco-planning and promoting harmony between human and nature.     

What is the maximum potential for CO2 sequestration by “stimulated” weathering on the global scale?

Natural chemical weathering of silicate rocks is a significant sink for soil and atmospheric CO₂. Previous work suggested that natural chemical weathering may be stimulated by applying finely ground silicate rocks to agricultural areas or forests [stimulated weathering (SW)]. However, it remained unknown if this technique is practical to sequester globally significant amounts of CO₂ under realistic conditions. Applying first estimates of “normal treatment” amounts from a literature review, we report here a theoretical global maximum potential of 65 10⁶ t sequestered C a⁻¹ if SW would be applied homogenously on all agricultural and forested areas of the world. This is equivalent to 0.9% of anthropogenic CO₂ emissions (reference period 2000–2005). First, however, the assumed application of SW on most of the considered areas is not economically feasible because of logistic issues, and second the net-CO₂ sequestration is expected to amount to only a fraction of consumed CO₂ due to the energy demand of the application itself (currently ~11%). Unless progress in application procedures is provided, the recent realistic maximum net-CO₂-consumption potential is expected to be much smaller than 0.1% of anthropogenic emissions, and the SW would thus not be one of the key techniques to reduce atmospheric CO₂ concentration. However, literature suggests that for some agricultural areas (croplands) and specifically for rice production areas in humid climates, this SW may be a feasible tool to support international efforts to sequester CO₂. SW may be cost effective for those areas if linked to the CO₂-emission certificate trade in the future, and increases in crop production are taken into account.     

城市湿地在城市生态建设中的作用及其保护对策

探讨了城市湿地在城市生态建设中的作用,分别介绍了城市湿地的功能,目前存在的主要问题及其保护对策。阐明了城市湿地在城市生态建设中的重要作用和地位,为保护城市湿地资源应该积极建设城市湿地公园和自然保护区;利用生物技术修复湿地;建立湿地信息系统和健康评价系统;加强湿地的立法执法力度、规范生态旅游;加强宣传和公众参与同时还要加强国际合作、转变湿地公园的运营模式。