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221.
本文根据调查分析,指出建设城市防火安全系统的迫切性。阐述了建设城市防火安全系统的基本原理和规划方法。并探讨了城市防火安全系统的运用管理。 相似文献
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A series of studies examined the effects of labelled meaning on affective response to housing scenes. Students at Ohio State University assessed their feelings towards imagined housing (public or private) and cities (Memphis, Houston and San Francisco). Expected differences in the affective quality were found. Responses to color photographs of specific housing scenes labelled as either private condominiums or public housing were obtained. Differences in scene-affect as a function of labelled meaning were found. Responses to housing scenes labelled as located in either Memphis, Houston or San Francisco revealed no differences in scene-affect as a function of label meaning. This latter finding was confirmed in a non-repeated measure examination. Differences in the fittingness, potency or relevance of the information provided may account for the pattern of findings. 相似文献
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Michael Pacione 《Journal of Environmental Planning and Management》1985,28(2):65-69
Government responses to the problems of the inner city currently focus on comprehensive programmes of positive discrimination. The first and most extensive is the G.E.A.R. project in Glasgow. Regular monitoring of the effectiveness of such large‐scale initiatives is essential. If the physical and social aims of such policies are to be realised, assessments must utilise both objective and subjective indicators. 相似文献
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城市洪涝灾害的成灾模式初步分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
城市是一个通过水、电、气、交通、通讯、计算机网络等国民经济命脉系统联系在一起的集政治、经济、文化、外交等社会活动中心于一体的人口资产密集区。我国目前正处于经济和城市化高速发展时期,城市在发展的同时深刻地改变了当地自然环境,增加了洪涝灾害发生的频率,城市洪涝灾害损失也以前所未有的速度增长,城市洪涝灾害损失的基本模式,除了造成人员伤亡、建筑物和物资直接受损毁外,更在于命脉系统因灾瘫痪导致社会经济活动中断;地下设施迅速发展加重了洪涝灾害风险;建筑物内部财产损失比重增加;以及由洪涝灾害促使持续发展受阻和环境破坏等问题。 相似文献
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Integrated economic-ecological analysis and evaluation of management strategies on nutrient abatement in the Rhine basin 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Management of river basins involves the making of informed choices about the desired levels of economic activities and ecosystem functioning in the catchment. Information on the economic and ecological effects of measures as well as their spatial distribution is therefore needed. This paper proposes the following instruments to support decision-making in river basins: (1) the linking of models and indicators to describe the economic and ecological effects of management actions and their spatial distribution and (2) an extended evaluation framework that aims to evaluate management actions on three objectives for sustainable river management. These are cost-effectiveness, spatial equity, and environmental quality. This paper illustrates the potential of these instruments for river basin management by a case-study on nutrient management in the Rhine basin. In this case-study four nutrient abatement strategies are formulated, based on policies of the International Commission for the Protection of the Rhine and the North Sea Commission. These strategies are analysed and evaluated on their contribution to the three management objectives. Results show that none of these strategies score highest on cost-effectiveness, spatial equity and environmental quality simultaneously. It appears that cost-effectiveness is in conflict with environmental quality, whereas spatial equity and cost-effectiveness show quite close correspondence. This means that a trade-off has to be made between costs and spatial equity on the one hand, and environmental standards on the other hand. This paper offers a framework to make these trade-offs more explicit and provides quantitative information on cause-effect relationships, economic and environmental effects and the spatial distribution of these effects for various management strategies. This information can be particularly useful in the development of compromises required to establish international agreement and co-operation. 相似文献