稳定性复合高铁酸盐的制备及其在水质净化中的应用

在复合高铁酸盐溶液的制备过程中投加Ca(ClO) 2,可以提高其稳定性能.通过对Ca(ClO) 2的投加量、Ca(ClO) 2的投加顺序、反应温度及反应时间的考察,确定其对复合高铁酸盐溶液的最佳稳定条件为:在生成复合高铁酸盐溶液后投加0.08 mol/L的Ca(ClO) 2,并在20℃条件下反应10 min.Ca(ClO) 2对复合高铁酸盐溶液的稳定作用,是ClO-缓慢释放的一级动力学反应过程.将复合高铁酸盐溶液与聚合氯化铝(PAC)联合投加,可净化城市生活污水和铜绿微囊藻配制水.研究表明,与PAC单独投加相比,复合高铁酸盐溶液与PAC联合投加对水体中的氨氯、COD、细菌、浊度、藻细胞等的去除效果更好,且达到同样处理效果所需药剂量少.     

一种新型消毒剂的杀藻研究

由藻类过量繁殖引发的富营养化所造成的危害越来越严重并日益受到关注，采用钠法工艺生产的次氯酸钙是一种无残毒，不产生二次污染的高效广谱灭菌药物，对该药物的杀灌效率进行了生物测试的结果表明，它能有效地杀灭引发水华的绿藻，蓝藻和硅藻，≥62.5ppm（有效氯含量，下同）曝露96h，4种被试藻类的死亡率可达92％－100％，高浓度（500ppm)条件下，绿藻，蓝藻和藻分别在几分钟和1h内全部死亡，≤1p pm的浓度对4种被试藻类基本上不造成严重伤害。     

二氧化氯在饮用水消毒中的应用前景

本文通过二氧化氯(ClO_2)对有机卤代物形成的影响、消毒效果、对健康的影响,以及去除水中污染物的能力和ClO_2发生技术等方面的综合评述,认为二氧化氯在饮用水消毒中的应用前景是乐观的。     

曙红荧光猝灭法测定水中ClO2

在pH值为5.0的HAc-NaAc缓冲溶液中,曙红在540 nm处产生一个荧光峰,并能被ClO2氧化导致其荧光发生猝灭.通过试验确定了ClO2使曙红褪色的最佳条件,ClO2在0.042 mg/L～0.916 mg/L范围内与曙红荧光猝灭强度呈线性关系,据此建立了水中ClO2的荧光分析方法,方法检出限为0.01 mg/L.     

Suspended particle effects on ClO2/ultraviolet light combined disinfection of effluent

The concentration of suspended solids of effluent often varies in a wide range, therefore the dose of ultraviolet light （UV） in disinfection process needs to be adjusted to meet the disinfection criterion at a high frequency, and the desired disinfection effect is difficult to be ensured. The particles size and particle-associated fecal coliform （F.C.） contribution, and their influence on UV disinfection were investigated when ClO2 and UV combined disinfection process was used. The results showed that suspended solids content had a major impact on UV disinfection efficiency, especially the large particle size fraction. Particles （D〉10μm） associated F. C. were difficult to be disinfected and were the main part of the railings of F.C. inactivation curve. Pre-ClO2 oxidation could reduce the number of particles in effluent, and make large particles decrease to small ones. Therefore, the influence of particles on UV disinfection could be reduced after pre-ClO2 oxidation, and the resistance ability to particle loadings of combined process was enhanced. Moreover, the combined process has a lot of advantages, such as low toxicity, low operational/maintenance costs; it is also convenient to be established in the existing wastewater plant or the new planned one.     

Treatment of phenol wastewater by microwave-induced ClO2-CuOx/Al2O3 catalytic oxidation process

The catalyst of CuOx/Al2O3 was prepared by the dipping-sedimentation method using γ-Al2O3 as a carrier. CuO and Cu2O were loaded on the surface of γ-Al2O3, characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). In the presence of CuOx/Al2O3, the microwave-induced chlorine dioxide (ClO2) catalytic oxidation process was conducted for the treatment of synthetic wastewater containing 100 mg/L phenol. The relationships between removal percentage and initial ClO2 concentration, catalyst dosage, microwave power, contact time, initial phenol concentration and pH were investigated and the results showed that microwave-induced ClO2-CuOx/Al2O3 process could effectively degrade contaminants in a short reaction time with a low oxidant dosage, extensive pH range. Under a given condition (ClO2 concentration 80 mg/L, microwave power 50 W, contact time 5 min, catalyst dosage 50 g/L, pH 9), phenol removal percentage approached 92.24%, corresponding to 79.13% of CODCr removal. The removal of phenol by microwave-induced ClO2-CuOx/Al2O3 catalytic oxidation process was a complicated non-homogeneous solid/water reaction, which fitted pseudo-first-order by kinetics. Compared with traditional ClO2 oxidation, ClO2 catalytic oxidation and microwave-induced ClO2 oxidation, microwave-induced ClO2 catalytic oxidation system could significantly enhance the degradation efficiency. It provides an effective technology for the removal of phenol wastewater.     

ClO_2在食品杀菌保鲜中的应用

综述了ClO2在果蔬、畜禽制品、水产品、乳制品、啤酒和饮料等食品行业杀菌保鲜方面应用研究的概况。ClO2因其具有很强的氧化作用及可阻止蛋氨酸生成乙烯、破坏已生成的乙烯并对动植物机体不产生毒效的性能,在食品保鲜中具有独特的性能优势。展望了ClO2在食品杀菌保鲜领域的应用前景。     

再生水紫外线/二氧化氯联合消毒效果试验研究

紫外线及二氧化氯作为绿色消毒技术的代表,被越来越多地研究和使用,ClO_2消毒能够弥补UV不能提供持续消毒能力的不足,UV消毒作为ClO_2消毒的预处理工艺,能够降低后续消毒工艺的微生物负荷。通过试验对联合消毒效果进行了研究。试验表明,在试验水质条件下,当紫外线剂量为60 m J/cm~2,二氧化氯投加量2 mg/L,反应时间15min时即可达到较好的消毒效果且成本较低,消毒后粪大肠菌在48 h内几乎不发生光复活。     

不同类型医院污水处理方案的分析与优化

文章在吸收了众多国内外同行的新研究成果的基础上,根据中国医院污水处理的实际情况和中国的现状,将中国的医院给以分类.同时详细分析各类医院污水的不同特征,并在充分考虑投资效益、环境效益、经济效益、水资源利用、场地及其它综合因素的前提下,对不同类别的医院污水处理工艺流程进行了优化.