Detection of Coastal Saline Land Uses with Multi-Temporal Landsat Images in Shangyu City,China

Many coastal regions in China are confronted with pressing problems of scarce land resources and heavy population. Over the past 30 years, considerable parts of coastal tidelands have been enclosed and reclaimed for agricultural land uses. To assess, plan, and implement large-scale reclamation programs, up-to-date and reliable information concerning the nature, areal extent, and physical and chemical characteristics of coastal saline lands is essential. This paper reports a remote sensing approach to detecting coastal saline land uses in Shangyu City, China, by using multi-temporal Landsat images. First, with the aid of resolution-sharpened Landsat-7 ETM+ images and their enhanced linear features, a visual interpretation is applied to extract individual dikes. Based on time series images and local government records, a spatial zoning procedure is then used to define six sub-zones with different historical years of reclamation. It shows that a total of 15,668 ha of coastal saline lands were enclosed and reclaimed from 1969 to 1996. Second, a modified land-use classification system for the study area is prescribed, and both unsupervised and supervised classifiers are performed for land-use classifications of grouped sub-zones. Information obtained from the spatial zoning, Tasseled Cap transformation and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, is also utilized to facilitate the supervised classification process. Finally, a detailed land-use map is produced, with an overall classification accuracy of 77.8%. Results show that dominant agricultural land uses of sub-zones are changed with historical reclamation years, from saline lands with wildgrass (very recently reclaimed) to aqua-farm ponds, to cotton fields, and to paddy fields and orchards (very early reclaimed). This transform process is primarily affected by soil salinities, and according to a soil survey an electrical conductivity of saturation extract decreased from 7.3 ds/m in the saline land reclaimed in 1996 to below 2 ds/m in the land reclaimed before 1969. The study concludes that multi-temporal remotely sensed images are important and effective data sources for monitoring the rapid changes of coastal land uses.     

基于模糊聚类的生态功能区若干指标定量划分的研究

以江苏省沿东陇海线地区为研究区域,利用遥感与G IS工具,研究基于模糊聚类与若干定量指标的生态功能区划方法。该方法选取了5个指标用于区划过程,首先将研究区域分成5×5km大小的空间单元,并提取各单元属性数据生成属性矩阵,利用M atlab模糊逻辑工具箱对单元进行模糊聚类。参照聚类结果与其他资料进行了生态功能区划,并根据区划结果对各分区的产业发展与生态保护提出了建议。     

《旅游资源分类、调查与评价》国家标准的更新审视与研究展望

旅游资源作为区域旅游发展独特的存在,是吸引旅游者进行旅游活动的关键要素,也是影响区域旅游经济发展的重要条件。总结国内旅游资源学术研究的发展趋势和研究主题,将其划分为萌芽起步期、发展成熟期和停滞衰退期三个研究阶段,研究主题则主要包括旅游资源概念界定、调查实践、评价与开发等;对2017年更新的《旅游资源分类、调查与评价》国家标准进行系统解读,重点分析其内容的全新变化并且深入剖析尚且存在的问题;对接学术研究与实践应用,重点从旅游资源概念、分类、调查和评价四个方面说明二者的互动关系和延伸讨论,明晰旅游资源研究与应用的重点内容和发展方向,以有益于理论与实践的相互影响和促进。     

荒漠化类型划分及其数量化评价体系

从我国荒漠化监测的实际需要出发，提出了包括气候区、外营力、土地利用类型、地表特征和荒漠化程度在内的多因素复叠式荒漠化分类体系；既可适用于小区域大比例尺的重点监测，又可适用于大区域小比例尺的宏观监测的各荒漠化类型数量化程度判定指标体系和判定方法；适用于各级行政区的荒漠化水平评价方法．     

Surveys of historic parks and gardens

The United Kingdom offers some of the finest designed parks and garden landscapes in the world and, whilst there is a wide range of skills and a wealth of literature on the subject, there is little evidence of official effort to systematically record historic sites. This, it is argued, is a factor in the continuing decline of many examples. This paper records an attempt at a comprehensive examination of one county — Cheshire — begun in 1970. The method is described and the results discussed in some detail. Some suggestions are put forward for improvements to official incentives for site owners.     

四川盆地旱灾危险度初步研究

本文根据旱灾的特点提出了一种综合评价旱灾可能危险程度的方法,并用此法对四川盆地旱灾进行了危险度分级、分区以及防灾、减灾研究。     

Prediction Intervals for Estimates of Site Index Based on Ecosystem Type

/ British Columbia has an ecosystem classification system that classifies sites into site series. Foresters commonly measure the productivity of these sites by their site index. In British Columbia, site index is defined as the height of a stand at breast height age 50 and is usually estimated from height-age models. Biogeoclimatic site series/site index relationships are an increasingly popular method of estimating site index in British Columbia for stands where site index cannot be reliably estimated with height-age models. The precision of the predicted site index from these relationships can be evaluated with prediction intervals. This is done for the predicted site index of a single site, a group of sites, or the areally weighted site index of a group of sites. The methodology is also useful in determining the number of sites required to meet a specified precision. These prediction intervals will assist foresters in making sound forest management decisions.KEY WORDS: Biogeoclimatic Ecosystem Classification; Precision; Prediction interval; Site index; Site series     

生命周期环境影响类型分类体系研究

环境影响类型是生命周期影响评价中重要的一个步，其分类国际上目前尚未达成共识文章分析了环境干扰因子与环境影响类型之间的关系，确定了影响类型分类的原则和步骤，通过对ＥＰＡ、ＳＥＴＣＡ方案的比较，提出了３＊３方案，从全球，区域和局地３个层次，波及环境污染，资源消耗和人体职业健康３方面的影响体系框架，并提出了其６项量化表征指标。     

大连城市生活垃圾分类收集探讨

通过对国内外城市生活垃圾分类收集现状的分析 ,根据大连城市环保目标和城市生活垃圾有机物含量高等特点 ,提出大连市生活垃圾分类标准和“三方三次分选法”,并针对分类收集具体环节探讨改进措施。     

城市废水污染源的达标控制探讨

对城市废水污染源如何实现浓度达标排放，达标排放的内函、达标排放的控制原则、控制措施等进行了较为系统的探讨，确保浓度达标控制的实施和对污染源的经济有效控制．