化学混凝-SBR法处理肉类加工工业废水的研究

针对国内外处理肉类加工工业废水的现状 ,采取了先混凝后生化的处理方法。在实验中确定了最佳混凝剂及最佳工艺条件。实验表明此方法处理肉类加工工业废水 ,经济实用 ,可达到排放标准     

SBR法处理制浆造纸废水的研究

采用SBR法处理造纸废水 ,考察了SBR法处理造纸废水的效果 ,以及进水方式、pH值、曝气时间、沉降时间等条件对处理效果的影响 ,结果表明 pH值为 6 5～ 7 5、曝气时间为 8h、沉降时间为 2h、进水COD浓度为 4 0 0～ 14 0 0mg/L时 ,COD的去除率可达到 6 1 6～ 70 3%。色度及悬浮物的去除率分别可以达到 78 9%～ 97 5 %。     

煤矸石和粉煤灰pH与电导率动态变化规律及其相关性研究

煤矸石和粉煤灰是煤矿区两种常见的固体废弃物,对环境造成极大的污染。pH波动幅度大是废弃物农用治理的主要障碍之一。对两种废弃物连续浸提时的pH和电导率(EC)进行长期动态监测,结果表明,不同层次的煤矸石尽管风化程度不同,但经过长时间浸取后,pH和EC变化趋势相似,且煤矸石、粉煤灰的pH、EC值有很大的相关性。该试验为今后两种废弃物合理利用奠定了基础。     

化学破乳絮凝与SBR二段法处理采油污水的试验研究

采用化学絮凝与 SBR生化联合的二段法工艺对采油污水进行处理 ,采油污水经第一段化学破乳絮凝后 ,CODCr去除率可达 85 %以上 ,油去除率可达 95 %以上 ;第一段处理出水再经第二段 SBR生化处理后可使出水中 CODCr≤ 60 mg/L、BOD≤ 3 0 mg/L、SS<3 0 mg/L、油 <10 mg/L,达到了油田回注水标准和含油污水的国家二级排放标准 ,可实现废水的资源化     

污水中抗生素生化去除研究进展

综述了活性污泥法、膜生物反应器、人工湿地等国内外常见抗生素生化去除方法的优缺点与适用范围,通过工艺对比发现,膜生物反应器和人工湿地能有效去除污水中的抗生素,活性污泥法对抗生素的去除率不高,且选择性较强;污泥龄和水力停留时间对抗生素的去除率有着显著影响,多数情况下反应器的运行改进也能提高抗生素的去除效果。针对抗生素污染问题,提出了采取加强型的复合式处理工艺、开展分区研究、出台相关管理政策等建议。     

Real-time wastewater monitoring as tool to detect clandestine waste discharges into the sewage system

The entry of illegally discharged waste into the sewage system can cause serious damage to sewage pipes and harm the public domain. Besides industrial and communal sources, discharges from clandestine laboratories are of special forensic interest. Aim of this study is to investigate the possibility to detect clandestine discharges of possibly hazardous waste directly at the point of discharge. Tests were performed at a facility where real wastewater was pumped in a controlled way through an open sewage pipe above ground. Chloride, ammonia, pH and conductivity electrodes were investigated for their ability to detect discharges of different types of waste. Waste samples were diluted up to 50 times in a static wastewater environment and pH, conductivity and chloride electrodes were able to distinguish all waste dilutions from blank wastewater. These three electrodes were then used for dynamic tests by placing them inside flowing sewage water and discharging different types of liquid waste ten meters upstream of them. Parameters of the waste discharges like volume, time interval and speed of discharge were varied and the responses of the electrodes were collected. The dynamic tests showed that these three electrodes were able to pick up different waste discharges in a real wastewater environment. It was found that a high sampling rate of the sensors would be required to connect a certain discharge to a specific household connection. These findings highlight the possibility to locate illegal discharges, coming from a variety of sources, using the waste discharge itself.     

碱催化H2O2氧化法预处理奶牛养殖废水的试验研究

采用碱催化H2O2氧化法对奶牛养殖废水进行预处理试验,研究了温度、pH、H2O2投加量、反应时间等参数对COD去除效果的影响,确定了反应最佳运行条件。试验结果表明,碱催化H2O2氧化法在pH7~12时,对COD的去除率为40%~60%;当反应温度50℃,pH值9,H2O2投加量2.72 g/L,反应时间20 min时,COD的去除率为66.3%。     

皮草染色废水深度处理与回用研究解析

皮草加工业在我国有着不错发展空间,但是,从皮草加工行业整体发展情况来看,染色过程中会产生大量废水,这些废水处理起来难度较大,同时,多数皮草加工及企业为了经济效益,环保设施和技术都不完善,这也就导致废水排放难以满足要求,这将会对当地水环境造成严重污染,会对人身体健康造成严重危害。     

药物活性物质在污水厂中的分布与迁移转化探讨

采用高效液相色谱法测定17种药物活性物质在5家污水厂的含量水平和去除率,并探讨其迁移转化特征。结果表明,17种药物活性物质均能在污水厂进水中检出,测定值为—～21. 58μg/L,在脱水污泥中的测定值为—～30. 81μg/g。分析其在污水厂中迁移转化特征,表明污水处理过程中磺胺类药物的主要去除机制是污泥吸附作用,而β-内酰胺类、卡马西平和降压降脂类等药物的主要去除机制为降解作用。     

Evaluation of Brasilia wastewater sludge as a biomass resource for the production of energy by gasification simulation

This work evaluated the sludge potential of the Wastewater Treatment Plant (ETA) in the city of Brasília to be used as a fuel by gasification. It is known that ETA sludge is a significant environmental liability, since current legislation restricts its final disposal. For this, the chemical characterisation of ETA sludge was performed by immediate and elemental analysis. No traces of heavy metals were observed, and the moisture (ω) and ash contents were 31.17 and 51.77%, respectively, different from those already reported in the literature because the composition depends on the water treatment technology employed. The gasification process was numerically simulated; once dry, it constitutes a residue with an energy content (HHV) of 22.4498 MJ kg^?1, comparable with other types of biomass currently used for large-scale energy generation by thermochemical processes (e.g. agricultural residues, wood and sugar cane bagasse). For the numerical simulation with an equivalence ratio (Φ) near 3, higher concentrations of CO and H₂ can only be achieved with ω lower than 15%. The results showed that gasification can be an attractive option for the disposal and use of a renewable waste resource, such as ETA sludge, in an environmentally safe way, and it is allowed by local legislation.